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Details	EV-TRACK ID	Experiment nr.	Species	Sample type	Separation protocol	First author	Year	EV-METRIC
	EV150108	1/4	Homo sapiens	MCF-7	(d)(U)C Filtration	Tosar JP	2015	67%
Study summary Full title Assessment of small RNA sorting into different extracellular fractions revealed by high-throughput sequencing of breast cell lines. All authors Tosar JP, Gámbaro F, Sanguinetti J, Bonilla B, Witwer KW, Cayota A. Journal Nucleic Acids Res Abstract Intercellular communication can be mediated by extracellular small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs). Circulat (show more...)Intercellular communication can be mediated by extracellular small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs). Circulating sRNAs are being intensively studied for their promising use as minimally invasive disease biomarkers. To date, most attention is centered on exosomes and microRNAs as the vectors and the secreted species, respectively. However, this field would benefit from an increased understanding of the plethora of sRNAs secreted by different cell types in different extracellular fractions. It is still not clear if specific sRNAs are selected for secretion, or if sRNA secretion is mostly passive. We sequenced the intracellular sRNA content (19-60 nt) of breast epithelial cell lines (MCF-7 and MCF-10A) and compared it with extracellular fractions enriched in microvesicles, exosomes and ribonucleoprotein complexes. Our results are consistent with a non-selective secretion model for most microRNAs, although a few showed secretion patterns consistent with preferential secretion. On the contrary, 5' tRNA halves and 5' RNA Y4-derived fragments of 31-33 were greatly and significantly enriched in the extracellular space (even in non-mammary cell lines), where tRNA halves were detected as part of ∼45 kDa ribonucleoprotein complexes. Overall, we show that different sRNA families have characteristic secretion patterns and open the question of the role of these sRNAs in the extracellular space. (hide) EV-METRIC 67% (94th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles extracellular vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Filtration Protein markers EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD9 non-EV: Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Biogenesis/cargo sorting/Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells MCF-7 EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Cell viability (%) 95 Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 150 Pelleting: rotor type SW 40 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 7 Wash: time (min) 150 Wash: Rotor Type SW 40 Ti Wash: speed (g) 100000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method BCA Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD9/ CD63/ TSG101 Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type RNA sequencing;ddPCR Database Yes Proteinase treatment Yes Moment of Proteinase treatment After Proteinase type Proteinase K Proteinase concentration 64 RNAse treatment Yes Moment of RNAse treatment After RNAse type RNase A RNAse concentration 4U/mL Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis DLS Report type Not Reported NTA Report type Not Reported EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Close-up, Wide-field

	EV150009	1/1	Homo sapiens	Placental perfusate	(d)(U)C Filtration	Dragovic RA	2015	67%
Study summary Full title Isolation of syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles and exosomes and their characterisation by multicolour flow cytometry and fluorescence Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis All authors Dragovic RA, Collett GP, Hole P, Ferguson DJ, Redman CW, Sargent IL, Tannetta DS Journal Methods Abstract The human placenta releases multiple types and sizes of syncytiotrophoblast (STB) extracellular vesi (show more...)The human placenta releases multiple types and sizes of syncytiotrophoblast (STB) extracellular vesicles (EV) into the maternal circulation that exhibit diverse biological activities. The placental perfusion technique enables isolation of these STBEV, but conventional flow cytometry can only be used to phenotype EV down to ?300nm in size. Fluorescence Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (fl-NTA) has the potential to phenotype EV down to ?50nm, thereby improving current characterisation techniques. The aims of this study were to prepare microvesicle and exosome enriched fractions from human placental perfusate (n=8) and improve fl-NTA STBEV detection. Differential centrifugation and filtration effectively removed contaminating red blood cells from fresh placental perfusates and pelleted a STB microvesicle (STBMV) fraction (10,000×g pellet - 10KP; NTA modal size 395±12nm), enriched for the STB marker placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and a STB exosome (STBEX) fraction (150,000×g pellet - 150KP; NTA modal size 147±6nm), enriched for PLAP and exosome markers Alix and CD63. The PLAP positivity of standard 10KP and 150KP pools (four samples/pool), determined by immunobead depletion, was used to optimise fl-NTA camera settings. Individual 10KP and 150KP samples (n=8) were 54.5±5.7% (range 17.8-66.9%) and 30.6±5.6% (range 3.3-51.7%) PLAP positive, respectively. We have developed a reliable method for enriching STBMV and STBEX from placental perfusate. We also standardised fl-NTA settings and improved measurement of PLAP positive EV in STBMV. However, fl-NTA is not as sensitive as anti-PLAP Dynabead capture for STBEX detection, possibly due to STBEX having lower surface expression of PLAP. These important developments will facilitate more detailed studies of the role of STBMV and STBEX in normal and pathological pregnancies. (hide) EV-METRIC 67% (91st percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Placental perfusate Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes / microvesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Filtration Adj. k-factor 162 (pelleting) Protein markers EV: Alix/ CD63 non-EV: CD45/ CD235a/b/ CD41 Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Placental perfusate Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Pelleting: rotor type TST28.39 Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 162.0 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ CD63 Detected contaminants CD41/ CD235a/b/ CD45 Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150004	1/2	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG	Clark DJ	2015	67%
Study summary Full title Redefining the Breast Cancer Exosome Proteome by Tandem Mass Tag Quantitative Proteomics and Multivariate Cluster Analysis All authors Clark DJ, Fondrie WE, Liao Z, Hanson PI, Fulton A, Mao L, Yang AJ Journal Anal Chem Abstract Exosomes are microvesicles of endocytic origin constitutively released by multiple cell types into t (show more...)Exosomes are microvesicles of endocytic origin constitutively released by multiple cell types into the extracellular environment. With evidence that exosomes can be detected in the blood of patients with various malignancies, the development of a platform that uses exosomes as a diagnostic tool has been proposed. However, it has been difficult to truly define the exosome proteome due to the challenge of discerning contaminant proteins that may be identified via mass spectrometry using various exosome enrichment strategies. To better define the exosome proteome in breast cancer, we incorporated a combination of Tandem-Mass-Tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics approach and Support Vector Machine (SVM) cluster analysis of three conditioned media derived fractions corresponding to a 10 000g cellular debris pellet, a 100 000g crude exosome pellet, and an Optiprep enriched exosome pellet. The quantitative analysis identified 2 179 proteins in all three fractions, with known exosomal cargo proteins displaying at least a 2-fold enrichment in the exosome fraction based on the TMT protein ratios. Employing SVM cluster analysis allowed for the classification 251 proteins as true exosomal cargo proteins. This study provides a robust and vigorous framework for the future development of using exosomes as a potential multiprotein marker phenotyping tool that could be useful in breast cancer diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. (hide) EV-METRIC 67% (94th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Protein markers EV: Alix/ TSG101/ CD63 non-EV: Beta-actin/ Cell organelle protein Proteomics yes EV density (g/ml) 1.14-1.19 Show all info Study aim Omics Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 5 Highest density fraction 40 Orientation Top-down Speed (g) 100000 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ CD63/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein/ Beta-actin Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150008	1/1	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Chan YK	2015	67%
Study summary Full title Proteomic analysis of exosomes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell identifies intercellular transfer of angiogenic proteins All authors Chan YK, Zhang H, Liu P, Tsao SW, Lung ML, Mak NK, Ngok-Shun Wong R, Ying-Kit Yue P Journal Int J Cancer Abstract Exosomes, a group of secreted extracellular nanovesicles containing genetic materials and signaling (show more...)Exosomes, a group of secreted extracellular nanovesicles containing genetic materials and signaling molecules, play a critical role in intercellular communication. During tumorigenesis, exosomes have been demonstrated to promote tumor angiogenesis and metastasis while their biological functions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are poorly understood. In this study, we focused on the role of NPC-derived exosomes on angiogenesis. Exosomes derived from the NPC C666-1 cells and immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NP69 and NP460) were isolated using ultracentrifugation. The molecular profile and biophysical characteristics of exosomes were verified by Western blotting, sucrose density gradient and electron microscopy. We showed that the C666-1 exosomes (10 and 20 ?g/ml) could significantly increase the tubulogenesis, migration and invasion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in C666-1 exosomes. Among the 640 identified proteins, 51 and 89 proteins were considered as up- and down-regulated (? 1.5-fold variations) in C666-1 exosomes compared to the normal counterparts, respectively. As expected, pro-angiogenic proteins including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and CD44 variant isoform 5 (CD44v5) are among the up-regulated proteins, whereas angio-suppressive protein, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) was down-regulated in C666-1 exosomes. Further confocal microscopic study and Western blotting clearly demonstrated that the alteration of ICAM-1 and TSP-1 expressions in recipient HUVECs are due to internalization of exosomes. Taken together, these data strongly indicated the critical roles of identified angiogenic proteins in the involvement of exosomes-induced angiogenesis, which could potentially be developed as therapeutic targets in future. (hide) EV-METRIC 67% (94th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Filtration Adj. k-factor 156.9 (pelleting) Protein markers EV: CD63/ CD9 non-EV: Cell organelle protein Proteomics yes EV density (g/ml) 1.17-1.19 Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Pelleting: rotor type 70Ti Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 156.9 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 0.2 M Highest density fraction 2.5 M Orientation Top-down Rotor type 90Ti Speed (g) 100000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD63/ CD9 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV230654	1/1	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	H37Rv	(d)(U)C DC DG Filtration UF	Lee J	2015	63%
Study summary Full title Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All authors Lee J, Kim SH, Choi DS, Lee JS, Kim DK, Go G, Park SM, Kim SH, Shin JH, Chang CL, Gho YS Journal Proteomics Abstract The release of extracellular vesicles, also known as outer membrane vesicles, membrane vesicles, exo (show more...)The release of extracellular vesicles, also known as outer membrane vesicles, membrane vesicles, exosomes, and microvesicles, is an evolutionarily conserved phenomenon from bacteria to eukaryotes. It has been reported that Mycobacterium tuberculosis releases extracellular vesicles harboring immunologically active molecules, and these extracellular vesicles have been suggested to be applicable in vaccine development and biomarker discovery. However, the comprehensive proteomic analysis has not been performed for M. tuberculosis extracellular vesicles. In this study, we identified a total of 287 vesicular proteins by four LC-MS/MS analyses with high confidence. In addition, we identified several vesicular proteins associated with the virulence of M. tuberculosis. This comprehensive proteome profile will help elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of M. tuberculosis. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001160 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD001160). (hide) EV-METRIC 63% (93rd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles extracellular vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density cushion Density gradient Filtration Ultrafiltration Protein markers EV: LprG non-EV: None Proteomics yes EV density (g/ml) 1,17 Show all info Study aim Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Mycobacterium tuberculosis Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells H37Rv EV-harvesting Medium serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Pelleting performed No Density gradient Type Discontinuous Number of initial discontinuous layers 3 Lowest density fraction 10% Highest density fraction 60% Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL) 10,3 Sample volume (mL) 4,8 Orientation Bottom-up Speed (g) 200000 Duration (min) 120 Fraction volume (mL) 1 Fraction processing None Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Ultra filtration Cut-off size (kDa) 100 Density cushion Density medium Sucrose Cushion volume 1,5 Density of the cushion 0.8-2.0 M Centrifugation time 120 Centrifugation speed 100000 Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins LprG Proteomics database ProteomeXchange Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis NTA Report type Modus Reported size (nm) 40-50 EV concentration Yes Particle yield Total particle count EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field Report size (nm) 20-250

	EV230660	1/1	Pseudomonas syringae	Lz4W	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Kulkarni HM	2015	57%
Study summary Full title The proteome of the outer membrane vesicles of an Antarctic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae Lz4W. All authors Kulkarni HM, Swamy ChV, Jagannadham MV Journal Data Brief Abstract Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of gram-negative bacteria are released during all growth phases and p (show more...)Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of gram-negative bacteria are released during all growth phases and play an important role in bacterial physiology. They consist of lipids, proteins, lipopolysaccharides and other molecules. The OMVs of the Antarctic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae Lz 4W were isolated and identified their proteins. The mass spectral data set deposited with PRIDE, accession number PXD 000221 is presented in this report. The proteins identified from the OMVs of P. syringae Lz4W, data of this study were published in the Journal of proteome research [1]. (hide) EV-METRIC 57% (92nd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles Outer membrane vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Filtration Protein markers EV: None non-EV: None Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Pseudomonas syringae Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells Lz4W EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 180 Pelleting: rotor type Type 45 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 150264 Density gradient Type Discontinuous Number of initial discontinuous layers 3 Lowest density fraction 20% Highest density fraction 70% Orientation Top-down Speed (g) 164609 Duration (min) 360 Fraction processing Centrifugation Pelleting: volume per fraction 4 Pelleting: speed (g) 163202 Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 7,59E Filtration steps 0.45µm > x > 0.22µm, Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Bradford Protein Yield (µg) per million cells Proteomics database ProteomeXchange Characterization: Lipid analysis Yes Characterization: Particle analysis DLS Report type Size range/distribution Reported size (nm) 60-80 EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field Report size (nm) 60-100

	EV150034	2/2	Homo sapiens	Blood plasma	(d)(U)C SEC	de Menezes-Neto A	2015	57%
Study summary Full title Size-exclusion chromatography as a stand-alone methodology identifies novel markers in mass spectrometry analyses of plasma-derived vesicles from healthy individuals All authors de Menezes-Neto A, Sáez MJ, Lozano-Ramos I, Segui-Barber J, Martin-Jaular L, Ullate JM, Fernandez-Becerra C, Borrás FE, Del Portillo HA Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Plasma-derived vesicles hold a promising potential for use in biomedical applications. Two major cha (show more...)Plasma-derived vesicles hold a promising potential for use in biomedical applications. Two major challenges, however, hinder their implementation into translational tools: (a) the incomplete characterization of the protein composition of plasma-derived vesicles, in the size range of exosomes, as mass spectrometric analysis of plasma sub-components is recognizably troublesome and (b) the limited reach of vesicle-based studies in settings where the infrastructural demand of ultracentrifugation, the most widely used isolation/purification methodology, is not available. In this study, we have addressed both challenges by carrying-out mass spectrometry (MS) analyses of plasma-derived vesicles, in the size range of exosomes, from healthy donors obtained by 2 alternative methodologies: size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) on sepharose columns and Exo-Spin™. No exosome markers, as opposed to the most abundant plasma proteins, were detected by Exo-Spin™. In contrast, exosomal markers were present in the early fractions of SEC where the most abundant plasma proteins have been largely excluded. Noticeably, after a cross-comparative analysis of all published studies using MS to characterize plasma-derived exosomes from healthy individuals, we also observed a paucity of classical exosome markers. Independent of the isolation method, however, we consistently identified 2 proteins, CD5 antigen-like (CD5L) and galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP), whose presence was validated by a bead-exosome FACS assay. Altogether, our results support the use of SEC as a stand-alone methodology to obtain preparations of extracellular vesicles, in the size range of exosomes, from plasma and suggest the use of CD5L and LGALS3BP as more suitable markers of plasma-derived vesicles in MS. (hide) EV-METRIC 57% (89th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Blood plasma Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles Vesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C SEC Protein markers EV: CD81/ GAPDH/ CD9 non-EV: Albumin Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Blood plasma Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Pelleting performed No Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins GAPDH ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins GAPDH Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type immune EM/ cryo EM EM protein CD5L Image type Close-up

	EV230672	1/4	Vibrio cholerae	A1552	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Sjöström AE	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Membrane vesicle-mediated release of bacterial RNA. All authors Sjöström AE, Sandblad L, Uhlin BE, Wai SN Journal Sci Rep Abstract Many Gram-negative bacterial species release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that interact with the h (show more...)Many Gram-negative bacterial species release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that interact with the host by delivering virulence factors. Here, we report for the first time that RNA is among the wide variety of bacterial components that are associated with OMVs. To characterize the RNA profiles of bacterial OMVs, we performed RNA deep sequencing analysis using OMV samples isolated from a wild type Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor strain. The results showed that RNAs originating from intergenic regions were the most abundant. Our findings reveal a hitherto unrecognised feature of OMVs mimicking eukaryotic exosomes and highlight a need to evaluate the potential role of RNA-containing bacterial membrane vesicles in bacteria-host interactions. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles Outer membrane vesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Filtration Adj. k-factor 0 (pelleting) Protein markers EV: OmpU non-EV: RpoS Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Vibrio cholerae Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells A1552 EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Pelleting: rotor type Type 45 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 0 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Type Discontinuous Number of initial discontinuous layers 7 Lowest density fraction 10% Highest density fraction 45% Orientation Top-down Speed (g) 180000 Duration (min) 120 Fraction volume (mL) 0.1-0.3 Fraction processing Centrifugation Pelleting: volume per fraction 0.1-0.3 Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 1,70E Pelleting-wash: volume per pellet (mL) 60 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins OmpU Not detected contaminants RpoS Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type RNA sequencing/ Northern blot Proteinase treatment No RNAse treatment No Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type Transmission-EM/ cryo-EM Image type Close-up, Wide-field Report size (nm) 25-200

	EV230657	1/2	Escherichia coli	O104:H4	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Kunsmann L	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Virulence from vesicles: Novel mechanisms of host cell injury by Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak strain. All authors Kunsmann L, Rüter C, Bauwens A, Greune L, Glüder M, Kemper B, Fruth A, Wai SN, He X, Lloubes R, Schmidt MA, Dobrindt U, Mellmann A, Karch H, Bielaszewska M Journal Sci Rep Abstract The highly virulent Escherichia coli O104:H4 that caused the large 2011 outbreak of diarrhoea and ha (show more...)The highly virulent Escherichia coli O104:H4 that caused the large 2011 outbreak of diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome secretes blended virulence factors of enterohaemorrhagic and enteroaggregative E. coli, but their secretion pathways are unknown. We demonstrate that the outbreak strain releases a cocktail of virulence factors via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) shed during growth. The OMVs contain Shiga toxin (Stx) 2a, the major virulence factor of the strain, Shigella enterotoxin 1, H4 flagellin, and O104 lipopolysaccharide. The OMVs bind to and are internalised by human intestinal epithelial cells via dynamin-dependent and Stx2a-independent endocytosis, deliver the OMV-associated virulence factors intracellularly and induce caspase-9-mediated apoptosis and interleukin-8 secretion. Stx2a is the key OMV component responsible for the cytotoxicity, whereas flagellin and lipopolysaccharide are the major interleukin-8 inducers. The OMVs represent novel ways for the E. coli O104:H4 outbreak strain to deliver pathogenic cargoes and injure host cells. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin LB226692 Focus vesicles Outer membrane vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Filtration Protein markers EV: OmpA/ ShET1/ Flagellin/ Stx2a non-EV: Pic/ SigA/ SepA Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function/Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Escherichia coli Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells O104:H4 EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Pelleting: rotor type Type 45 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 235000 Density gradient Type Discontinuous Number of initial discontinuous layers 6 Lowest density fraction 20% Highest density fraction 45% Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL) 12 Sample volume (mL) 2 Orientation Bottom-up Speed (g) 288000 Duration (min) 960 Fraction volume (mL) 1 Fraction processing None Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Bradford Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins OmpA/ ShET1/ Flagellin/ Stx2a Not detected contaminants Pic/ SigA/ SepA Characterization: Lipid analysis Yes Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type Immuno-EM Image type Close-up

	EV230629	2/9	Haemophilus influenzae	Rd KW20	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Roier S	2015	56%
Study summary Full title A basis for vaccine development: Comparative characterization of Haemophilus influenzae outer membrane vesicles. All authors Roier S, Blume T, Klug L, Wagner GE, Elhenawy W, Zangger K, Prassl R, Reidl J, Daum G, Feldman MF, Schild S Journal Int J Med Microbiol Abstract Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical and bilayered particles that are naturally released fro (show more...)Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical and bilayered particles that are naturally released from the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria. They have been proposed to possess several biological roles in pathogenesis and interbacterial interactions. Additionally, OMVs have been suggested as potential vaccine candidates against infections caused by pathogenic bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae, a human pathogen of the respiratory tract. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of fundamental knowledge regarding OMV biogenesis, protein sorting into OMVs, OMV size and quantity, as well as OMV composition in H. influenzae. Thus, this study comprehensively characterized and compared OMVs and OMs derived from heterologous encapsulated as well as nonencapsulated H. influenzae strains. Semiquantitative immunoblot analysis revealed that certain OM proteins are enriched or excluded in OMVs suggesting the presence of regulated protein sorting mechanisms into OMVs as well as interconnected OMV biogenesis mechanisms in H. influenzae. Nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, as well as protein and lipooligosaccharide quantifications demonstrated that heterologous H. influenzae strains differ in their OMV size and quantity. Lipidomic analyses identified palmitic acid as the most abundant fatty acid, while phosphatidylethanolamine was found to be the most dominant phospholipid present in OMVs and the OM of all strains tested. Proteomic analysis confirmed that H. influenzae OMVs contain vaccine candidate proteins as well as important virulence factors. These findings contribute to the understanding of OMV biogenesis as well as biological roles of OMVs and, in addition, may be important for the future development of OMV based vaccines against H. influenzae infections. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles Pure outer membrane vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Filtration Protein markers EV: None non-EV: RpoA Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Biogenesis/cargo sorting/Identification of content (omics approaches)/ vaccine development Sample Species Haemophilus influenzae Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells Rd KW20 EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 240 Pelleting: rotor type SW 32 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 144000 Filtration steps 0.45µm > x > 0.22µm, 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Protein Yield (µg) per mL/OD490 Western Blot Not detected contaminants RpoA Proteomics database No Characterization: Lipid analysis Yes Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field

	EV230629	4/9	Haemophilus influenzae	Hib strain Eagan	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Roier S	2015	56%
Study summary Full title A basis for vaccine development: Comparative characterization of Haemophilus influenzae outer membrane vesicles. All authors Roier S, Blume T, Klug L, Wagner GE, Elhenawy W, Zangger K, Prassl R, Reidl J, Daum G, Feldman MF, Schild S Journal Int J Med Microbiol Abstract Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical and bilayered particles that are naturally released fro (show more...)Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical and bilayered particles that are naturally released from the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria. They have been proposed to possess several biological roles in pathogenesis and interbacterial interactions. Additionally, OMVs have been suggested as potential vaccine candidates against infections caused by pathogenic bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae, a human pathogen of the respiratory tract. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of fundamental knowledge regarding OMV biogenesis, protein sorting into OMVs, OMV size and quantity, as well as OMV composition in H. influenzae. Thus, this study comprehensively characterized and compared OMVs and OMs derived from heterologous encapsulated as well as nonencapsulated H. influenzae strains. Semiquantitative immunoblot analysis revealed that certain OM proteins are enriched or excluded in OMVs suggesting the presence of regulated protein sorting mechanisms into OMVs as well as interconnected OMV biogenesis mechanisms in H. influenzae. Nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, as well as protein and lipooligosaccharide quantifications demonstrated that heterologous H. influenzae strains differ in their OMV size and quantity. Lipidomic analyses identified palmitic acid as the most abundant fatty acid, while phosphatidylethanolamine was found to be the most dominant phospholipid present in OMVs and the OM of all strains tested. Proteomic analysis confirmed that H. influenzae OMVs contain vaccine candidate proteins as well as important virulence factors. These findings contribute to the understanding of OMV biogenesis as well as biological roles of OMVs and, in addition, may be important for the future development of OMV based vaccines against H. influenzae infections. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles Pure outer membrane vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Filtration Protein markers EV: None non-EV: RpoA Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Biogenesis/cargo sorting/Identification of content (omics approaches)/ vaccine development Sample Species Haemophilus influenzae Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells Hib strain Eagan EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 240 Pelleting: rotor type SW 32 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 144000 Filtration steps 0.45µm > x > 0.22µm, 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Protein Yield (µg) per mL/OD490 Western Blot Not detected contaminants RpoA Proteomics database No Characterization: Lipid analysis Yes Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field

	EV230629	6/9	Haemophilus influenzae	NTHi 2019-R	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Roier S	2015	56%
Study summary Full title A basis for vaccine development: Comparative characterization of Haemophilus influenzae outer membrane vesicles. All authors Roier S, Blume T, Klug L, Wagner GE, Elhenawy W, Zangger K, Prassl R, Reidl J, Daum G, Feldman MF, Schild S Journal Int J Med Microbiol Abstract Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical and bilayered particles that are naturally released fro (show more...)Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical and bilayered particles that are naturally released from the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria. They have been proposed to possess several biological roles in pathogenesis and interbacterial interactions. Additionally, OMVs have been suggested as potential vaccine candidates against infections caused by pathogenic bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae, a human pathogen of the respiratory tract. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of fundamental knowledge regarding OMV biogenesis, protein sorting into OMVs, OMV size and quantity, as well as OMV composition in H. influenzae. Thus, this study comprehensively characterized and compared OMVs and OMs derived from heterologous encapsulated as well as nonencapsulated H. influenzae strains. Semiquantitative immunoblot analysis revealed that certain OM proteins are enriched or excluded in OMVs suggesting the presence of regulated protein sorting mechanisms into OMVs as well as interconnected OMV biogenesis mechanisms in H. influenzae. Nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, as well as protein and lipooligosaccharide quantifications demonstrated that heterologous H. influenzae strains differ in their OMV size and quantity. Lipidomic analyses identified palmitic acid as the most abundant fatty acid, while phosphatidylethanolamine was found to be the most dominant phospholipid present in OMVs and the OM of all strains tested. Proteomic analysis confirmed that H. influenzae OMVs contain vaccine candidate proteins as well as important virulence factors. These findings contribute to the understanding of OMV biogenesis as well as biological roles of OMVs and, in addition, may be important for the future development of OMV based vaccines against H. influenzae infections. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles Pure outer membrane vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Filtration Protein markers EV: None non-EV: RpoA Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Biogenesis/cargo sorting/Identification of content (omics approaches)/ vaccine development Sample Species Haemophilus influenzae Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells NTHi 2019-R EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 240 Pelleting: rotor type SW 32 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 144000 Filtration steps 0.45µm > x > 0.22µm, 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Protein Yield (µg) per mL/OD490 Western Blot Not detected contaminants RpoA Proteomics database No Characterization: Lipid analysis Yes Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field

	EV140127	2/5	Homo sapiens	Du145	(d)(U)C DG	Webber JP	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Differentiation of tumour-promoting stromal myofibroblasts by cancer exosomes. All authors Webber JP, Spary LK, Sanders AJ, Chowdhury R, Jiang WG, Steadman R, Wymant J, Jones AT, Kynaston H, Mason MD, Tabi Z, Clayton A Journal Oncogene Abstract Activation of myofibroblast rich stroma is a rate-limiting step essential for cancer progression. Th (show more...)Activation of myofibroblast rich stroma is a rate-limiting step essential for cancer progression. The responsible factors are not fully understood, but TGFβ1 is probably critical. A proportion of TGFβ1 is associated with extracellular nano-vesicles termed exosomes, secreted by carcinoma cells, and the relative importance of soluble and vesicular TGFβ in stromal activation is presented. Prostate cancer exosomes triggered TGFβ1-dependent fibroblast differentiation, to a distinctive myofibroblast phenotype resembling stromal cells isolated from cancerous prostate tissue/ supporting angiogenesis in vitro and accelerating tumour growth in vivo. Myofibroblasts generated using soluble TGFβ1 were not pro-angiogenic or tumour-promoting. Cleaving heparan sulphate side chains from the exosome surface had no impact on TGFβ levels yet attenuated SMAD-dependent signalling and myofibroblastic differentiation. Eliminating exosomes from the cancer cell secretome, targeting Rab27a, abolished differentiation and lead to failure in stroma-assisted tumour growth in vivo. Exosomal TGFβ1 is therefore required for the formation of tumour-promoting stroma. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Protein markers EV: TSG101/ CD63/ TGF-beta1/ CD81/ MHC class-I/ Alix/ 5T4/ CD9 non-EV: Calnexin Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells Du145 EV-harvesting Medium Serum-containing, but physical separation of serum EVs and secreted EVs (e.g. Bioreactor flask) Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Pelleting performed No Density gradient Type Not specified Number of initial discontinuous layers Not specified Lowest density fraction Not specified Highest density fraction Not specified Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL) Not specified Sample volume (mL) Not spec Orientation Not specified Rotor type Not specified Speed (g) Not specified Duration (min) Not specified Fraction volume (mL) Not specified Fraction processing Not specified Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method BCA Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ 5T4/ MHC class-I/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Calnexin ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins CD63/ CD81/ CD9/ TGF-beta1 Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis NTA Report type Modus Reported size (nm) 115 EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Close-up

	EV150106	1/1	Homo sapiens	HMEC-1	DG (d)(U)C	van Balkom BW	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Quantitative and qualitative analysis of small RNAs in human endothelial cells and exosomes provides insights into localized RNA processing, degradation and sorting. All authors van Balkom BW, Eisele AS, Pegtel DM, Bervoets S, Verhaar MC. Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Exosomes are small vesicles that mediate cell-cell communication. They contain proteins, lipids and (show more...)Exosomes are small vesicles that mediate cell-cell communication. They contain proteins, lipids and RNA, and evidence is accumulating that these molecules are specifically sorted for release via exosomes. We recently showed that endothelial-cell-produced exosomes promote angiogenesis in vivo in a small RNA-dependent manner. Recent deep sequencing studies in exosomes from lymphocytic origin revealed a broad spectrum of small RNAs. However, selective depletion or incorporation of small RNA species into endothelial exosomes has not been studied extensively. With next generation sequencing, we identified all known non-coding RNA classes, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs, yRNAs, vault RNAs, 5p and 3p fragments of miRNAs and miRNA-like fragments. In addition, we mapped many fragments of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and mitochondrial RNAs (mtRNAs). The distribution of small RNAs in exosomes revealed a considerable overlap with the distribution in the producing cells. However, we identified a remarkable enrichment of yRNA fragments and mRNA degradation products in exosomes consistent with yRNAs having a role in degradation of structured and misfolded RNAs in close proximity to endosomes. We propose that endothelial endosomes selectively sequester cytoplasmic RNA-degrading machineries taking part in gene regulation. The release of these regulatory RNAs via exosomes may have implications for endothelial cell-cell communication. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture DG (d)(U)C Protein markers EV: GAPDH/ Flotillin1/ CD9/ non-EV: Histone H2A.X/ Lamin A / C/ ATP5A/ Tom20 Proteomics no EV density (g/ml) 1.07 - 1.12 Show all info Study aim Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells HMEC-1 EV-harvesting Medium EV-depleted medium Preparation of EDS 1h at 200000g Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 60 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Wash: time (min) 60 Wash: Rotor Type Not specified Wash: speed (g) 100000 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Type Continuous Lowest density fraction 0.25M Highest density fraction 2.0M Sample volume (mL) 0.25 Orientation Bottom-up Rotor type Not specified Speed (g) 190000 Duration (min) 960 Fraction volume (mL) 0.4 Fraction processing None Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins GAPDH/ Flotillin1/ CD9 Not detected contaminants Lamin A/C/ Histone H2A.X/ ATP5A/ Tom20 Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type (RT)(q)PCR;RNAsequencing Database Yes Proteinase treatment No RNAse treatment No Characterization: Lipid analysis No EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150003	1/2	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C	Saari H	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Microvesicle- and exosome-mediated drug delivery enhances the cytotoxicity of Paclitaxel in autologous prostate cancer cells All authors Saari H, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Viitala T, Vuorimaa-Laukkanen E, Siljander P, Yliperttula M Journal J Control Release Abstract BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring membrane particles that mediate int (show more...)BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring membrane particles that mediate intercellular communication by delivering molecular information between cells. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of two different populations of EVs (microvesicle- and exosome-enriched) as carriers of Paclitaxel to autologous prostate cancer cells. METHODS: EVs were isolated from LNCaP- and PC-3 prostate cancer cell cultures using differential centrifugation and characterized by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot. The uptake of microvesicles and exosomes by the autologous prostate cancer cells was assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The EVs were loaded with Paclitaxel and the effectiveness of EV-mediated drug delivery was assessed with viability assays. The distribution of EVs and EV-delivered Paclitaxel in cells was inspected by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: Our main finding was that the loading of Paclitaxel to autologous prostate cancer cell-derived EVs increased its cytotoxic effect. This capacity was independent of the EV population and the cell line tested. Although the EVs without the drug increased cancer cell viability, the net effect of enhanced cytotoxicity remained. Both EV populations delivered Paclitaxel to the recipient cells through endocytosis, leading to the release of the drug from within the cells. The removal of EV surface proteins did not affect exosomes, while the drug delivery mediated by microvesicles was partially inhibited. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer cell-derived EVs can be used as effective carriers of Paclitaxel to their parental cells, bringing the drug into the cells through an endocytic pathway and increasing its cytotoxicity. However, due to the increased cell viability, the use of cancer cell-derived EVs must be further investigated before any clinical applications can be designed. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes / microvesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Adj. k-factor 52.47 (washing) Protein markers EV: CD81/ Alpha-tubulin/ TSG101/ CD63/ CD9 non-EV: GAPDH Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 60 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 1 Wash: Rotor Type TLA55 Wash: adjusted k-factor 52.47 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD63/ CD81/ CD9/ TSG101/ Alpha-tubulin Detected contaminants GAPDH ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins Alpha-tubulin Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM/ cryo EM Image type Close-up

	EV150016	2/2	Homo sapiens	Ascites	(d)(U)C DC Filtration	Pospichalova V	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Simplified protocol for flow cytometry analysis of fluorescently labeled exosomes and microvesicles using dedicated flow cytometer All authors Pospichalova V, Svoboda J, Dave Z, Kotrbova A, Kaiser K, Klemova D, Ilkovics L, Hampl A, Crha I, Jandakova E, Minar L, Weinberger V, Bryja V Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Flow cytometry is a powerful method, which is widely used for high-throughput quantitative and quali (show more...)Flow cytometry is a powerful method, which is widely used for high-throughput quantitative and qualitative analysis of cells. However, its straightforward applicability for extracellular vesicles (EVs) and mainly exosomes is hampered by several challenges, reflecting mostly the small size of these vesicles (exosomes: ~80-200 nm, microvesicles: ~200-1,000 nm), their polydispersity, and low refractive index. The current best and most widely used protocol for beads-free flow cytometry of exosomes uses ultracentrifugation (UC) coupled with floatation in sucrose gradient for their isolation, labeling with lipophilic dye PKH67 and antibodies, and an optimized version of commercial high-end cytometer for analysis. However, this approach requires an experienced flow cytometer operator capable of manual hardware adjustments and calibration of the cytometer. Here, we provide a novel and fast approach for quantification and characterization of both exosomes and microvesicles isolated from cell culture media as well as from more complex human samples (ascites of ovarian cancer patients) suitable for multiuser labs by using a flow cytometer especially designed for small particles, which can be used without adjustments prior to data acquisition. EVs can be fluorescently labeled with protein-(Carboxyfluoresceinsuccinimidyl ester, CFSE) and/or lipid- (FM) specific dyes, without the necessity of removing the unbound fluorescent dye by UC, which further facilitates and speeds up the characterization of microvesicles and exosomes using flow cytometry. In addition, double labeling with protein- and lipid-specific dyes enables separation of EVs from common contaminants of EV preparations, such as protein aggregates or micelles formed by unbound lipophilic styryl dyes, thus not leading to overestimation of EV numbers. Moreover, our protocol is compatible with antibody labeling using fluorescently conjugated primary antibodies. The presented methodology opens the possibility for routine quantification and characterization of EVs from various sources. Finally, it has the potential to bring a desired level of control into routine experiments and non-specialized labs, thanks to its simple bead-based standardization. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (93rd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Ascites Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes / microvesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DC Filtration Adj. k-factor 253.9 (pelleting) Protein markers EV: Alix/ HSP70/ TSG101/ CD63 non-EV: Cell organelle protein Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Ascites Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 190 Pelleting: rotor type SW28 Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 253.9 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ CD63/ HSP70/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type transmission EM/ immune EM EM protein CD63 Image type Close-up, Wide-field

	EV150002	1/1	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG	Phinney DG	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Mesenchymal stem cells use extracellular vesicles to outsource mitophagy and shuttle microRNAs All authors Phinney DG, Di Giuseppe M, Njah J, Sala E, Shiva S, St Croix CM, Stolz DB, Watkins SC, Di YP, Leikauf GD, Kolls J, Riches DW, Deiuliis G, Kaminski N, Boregowda SV, McKenna DH, Ortiz LA Journal Nat Commun Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and macrophages are fundamental components of the stem cell niche and (show more...)Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and macrophages are fundamental components of the stem cell niche and function coordinately to regulate haematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and mobilization. Recent studies indicate that mitophagy and healthy mitochondrial function are critical to the survival of stem cells, but how these processes are regulated in MSCs is unknown. Here we show that MSCs manage intracellular oxidative stress by targeting depolarized mitochondria to the plasma membrane via arrestin domain-containing protein 1-mediated microvesicles. The vesicles are then engulfed and re-utilized via a process involving fusion by macrophages, resulting in enhanced bioenergetics. Furthermore, we show that MSCs simultaneously shed micro RNA-containing exosomes that inhibit macrophage activation by suppressing Toll-like receptor signalling, thereby de-sensitizing macrophages to the ingested mitochondria. Collectively, these studies mechanistically link mitophagy and MSC survival with macrophage function, thereby providing a physiologically relevant context for the innate immunomodulatory activity of MSCs. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles extracellular vesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Protein markers EV: CD63/ CD9/ MFGE8 non-EV: Proteomics no EV density (g/ml) 1.09-1.14 Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 90 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 0.25 Highest density fraction 2.5 Orientation Bottom-up Speed (g) 100000 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD63/ CD9/ MFGE8 ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins MFGE8 Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150027	2/2	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Kharaziha P	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Molecular profiling of prostate cancer derived exosomes may reveal a predictive signature for response to docetaxel All authors Kharaziha P, Chioureas D, Rutishauser D, Baltatzis G, Lennartsson L, Fonseca P, Azimi A, Hultenby K, Zubarev R, Ullén A, Yachnin J, Nilsson S, Panaretakis T Journal Oncotarget Abstract Docetaxel is a cornerstone treatment for metastatic, castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) whi (show more...)Docetaxel is a cornerstone treatment for metastatic, castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, worldwide. The clinical usage of docetaxel has resulted in modest gains in survival, primarily due to the development of resistance. There are currently no clinical biomarkers available that predict whether a CRPC patient will respond or acquire resistance to this therapy. Comparative proteomics analysis of exosomes secreted from DU145 prostate cancer cells that are sensitive (DU145 Tax-Sen) or have acquired resistance (DU145 Tax-Res) to docetaxel, demonstrated significant differences in the amount of exosomes secreted and in their molecular composition. A panel of proteins was identified by proteomics to be differentially enriched in DU145 Tax-Res compared to DU145 Tax-Sen exosomes and was validated by western blotting. Importantly, we identified MDR-1, MDR-3, Endophilin-A2 and PABP4 that were enriched only in DU145 Tax-Res exosomes. We validated the presence of these proteins in the serum of a small cohort of patients. DU145 cells that have uptaken DU145 Tax-Res exosomes show properties of increased matrix degradation. In summary, exosomes derived from DU145 Tax-Res cells may be a valuable source of biomarkers for response to therapy. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Filtration Protein markers EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ CD82/ Alix/ Rab5/ Caveolin1/ CD9 non-EV: Cell organelle protein Proteomics yes EV density (g/ml) 1.12-1.19 Show all info Study aim Biomarker Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 0.2 Highest density fraction 2 Orientation Top-down Speed (g) 120000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ CD63/ CD81/ CD9/ TSG101/ CD82/ Rab5/ Caveolin1 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins CD82/ Rab5/ Caveolin1 Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Close-up

	EV150010	1/1	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG	Keerthikumar S	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Proteogenomic analysis reveals exosomes are more oncogenic than ectosomes. All authors Keerthikumar S, Gangoda L, Liem M, Fonseka P, Atukorala I, Ozcitti C, Mechler A, Adda CG, Ang CS, Mathivanan S Journal Oncotarget Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include the exosomes (30-100 nm) that are produced through the endocyti (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include the exosomes (30-100 nm) that are produced through the endocytic pathway via the multivesicular bodies and the ectosomes (100-1000 nm) that are released through the budding of the plasma membrane. Despite the differences in the mode of biogenesis and size, reliable markers that can distinguish between exosomes and ectosomes are non-existent. Moreover, the precise functional differences between exosomes and ectosomes remains poorly characterised. Here, using label-free quantitative proteomics, we highlight proteins that could be exploited as markers to discriminate between exosomes and ectosomes. For the first time, a global proteogenomics analysis unveiled the secretion of mutant proteins that are implicated in cancer progression through tumor-derived EVs. Follow up integrated bioinformatics analysis highlighted the enrichment of oncogenic cargo in exosomes and ectosomes. Interestingly, exosomes induced significant cell proliferation and migration in recipient cells compared to ectosomes confirming the oncogenic nature of exosomes. These findings ascertain that cancer cells facilitate oncogenesis by the secretion of mutant and oncoproteins into the tumor microenvironment via exosomes and ectosomes. The integrative proteogenomics approach utilized in this study has the potential to identify disease biomarker candidates which can be later assayed in liquid biopsies obtained from cancer patients. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes / Ectosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Adj. k-factor 276.6 (pelleting) Protein markers EV: Alix/ CD81/ TSG101/ CD63 non-EV: MMP2/ Cell organelle protein Proteomics yes EV density (g/ml) 1.100 Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 1060 Pelleting: rotor type SW40 Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 276.6 Density gradient Lowest density fraction 5 Highest density fraction 40 Orientation Top-down Pelleting-wash: volume per pellet (mL) 1 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ CD63/ CD81/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein/ MMP2 Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type transmission EM/ atomic force EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150021	1/1	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG	Duchez AC	2015	56%
Study summary Full title Platelet microparticles are internalized in neutrophils via the concerted activity of 12-lipoxygenase and secreted phospholipase A2-IIA All authors Duchez AC, Boudreau LH, Bollinger J, Belleannée C, Cloutier N, Laffont B, Mendoza-Villarroel RE, Lévesque T, Rollet-Labelle E, Rousseau M, Allaeys I, Tremblay JJ, Poubelle PE, Lambeau G, Pouliot M, Provost P, Soulet D, Gelb MH, Boilard E Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Abstract Platelets are anucleated blood elements highly potent at generating extracellular vesicles (EVs) cal (show more...)Platelets are anucleated blood elements highly potent at generating extracellular vesicles (EVs) called microparticles (MPs). Whereas EVs are accepted as an important means of intercellular communication, the mechanisms underlying platelet MP internalization in recipient cells are poorly understood. Our lipidomic analyses identified 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetranoic acid [12(S)-HETE] as the predominant eicosanoid generated by MPs. Mechanistically, 12(S)-HETE is produced through the concerted activity of secreted phospholipase A2 IIA (sPLA2-IIA), present in inflammatory fluids, and platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO), expressed by platelet MPs. Platelet MPs convey an elaborate set of transcription factors and nucleic acids, and contain mitochondria. We observed that MPs and their cargo are internalized by activated neutrophils in the endomembrane system via 12(S)-HETE. Platelet MPs are found inside neutrophils isolated from the joints of arthritic patients, and are found in neutrophils only in the presence of sPLA2-IIA and 12-LO in an in vivo model of autoimmune inflammatory arthritis. Using a combination of genetically modified mice, we show that the coordinated action of sPLA2-IIA and 12-LO promotes inflammatory arthritis. These findings identify 12(S)-HETE as a trigger of platelet MP internalization by neutrophils, a mechanism highly relevant to inflammatory processes. Because sPLA2-IIA is induced during inflammation, and 12-LO expression is restricted mainly to platelets, these observations demonstrate that platelet MPs promote their internalization in recipient cells through highly regulated mechanisms. (hide) EV-METRIC 56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles microparticles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Protein markers EV: TSG101/ VDAC non-EV: Proteomics no EV density (g/ml) 1.1-1.14 Show all info Study aim Biogenesis/Sorting Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 90 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 5 Highest density fraction 40 Orientation Top-down Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins TSG101/ VDAC ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins VDAC Characterization: Particle analysis DLS

	EV150103	7/7	Homo sapiens	HUVEC	(d)(U)C	Dieudé M	2015	55%
Study summary Full title The 20S proteasome core, active within apoptotic exosome-like vesicles, induces autoantibody production and accelerates rejection. All authors Dieudé M, Bell C, Turgeon J, Beillevaire D, Pomerleau L, Yang B, Hamelin K, Qi S, Pallet N, Béland C, Dhahri W, Cailhier JF, Rousseau M, Duchez AC, Lévesque T, Lau A, Rondeau C, Gingras D, Muruve D, Rivard A, Cardinal H, Perreault C, Desjardins M, Boilard É, Thibault P, Hébert MJ Journal J Transl Med Abstract Autoantibodies to components of apoptotic cells, such as anti-perlecan antibodies, contribute to rej (show more...)Autoantibodies to components of apoptotic cells, such as anti-perlecan antibodies, contribute to rejection in organ transplant recipients. However, mechanisms of immunization to apoptotic components remain largely uncharacterized. We used large-scale proteomics, with validation by electron microscopy and biochemical methods, to compare the protein profiles of apoptotic bodies and apoptotic exosome-like vesicles, smaller extracellular vesicles released by endothelial cells downstream of caspase-3 activation. We identified apoptotic exosome-like vesicles as a central trigger for production of anti-perlecan antibodies and acceleration of rejection. Unlike apoptotic bodies, apoptotic exosome-like vesicles triggered the production of anti-perlecan antibodies in naïve mice and enhanced anti-perlecan antibody production and allograft inflammation in mice transplanted with an MHC (major histocompatibility complex)-incompatible aortic graft. The 20S proteasome core was active within apoptotic exosome-like vesicles and controlled their immunogenic activity. Finally, we showed that proteasome activity in circulating exosome-like vesicles increased after vascular injury in mice. These findings open new avenues for predicting and controlling maladaptive humoral responses to apoptotic cell components that enhance the risk of rejection after transplantation. (hide) EV-METRIC 55% (88th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Apoptosis Focus vesicles apoptotic exosome-like vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Adj. k-factor 127.9 (pelleting) Protein markers EV: LG3/ Fibronectin/ proteasome-alpha3/ Syntenin/ TCTP non-EV: Tubulin/ GM130 Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Function, Biomarker, Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells HUVEC EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Cell viability (%) NA Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Between 50,000 g and 100,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 1080 Pelleting: rotor type SW 41 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 200000 Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 127.9 Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method microBCA Protein Yield (µg) 300 Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Syntenin, Fibronectin, TCTP, proteasome-alpha3, LG3 Not detected contaminants GM130, Tubulin Proteomics database Yes Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis Particle analysis: flow cytometry Flow cytometer type BDCantoII Special Order Research Product Hardware adjustment This high sensitivity Flow cytometer (hsFCM) is equipped with a small particle option. The forward scatter (FSC) on this dedicated equipment is coupled to a photomultiplier tube (PMT) with a 488 nm solid state;100mW output blue laser (rather than the conventional 20 mW);and includes a 633nmHeNe;20mW output red laser and a 405 nm solid state diode;50mW output violet laser. The hsFCM includes a FSC-PMT and a Fourier optical transformation unit;which reduces the background noise and increases the angle of diffusion;therby enhancing the detection of small-diameter particles. Calibration bead size 0.09,0.45,0.84,1,3.2 Report type Median Reported size (nm) 100-200 EV concentration Yes Particle yield 3.50E+07 particles/million cells EM EM-type Transmission-EM/ Immune-EM EM protein LG3;proteasome-alpha3 Image type Close-up, Wide-field

	EV150007	1/10	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C UF qEV	Lobb RJ	2015	50%
Study summary Full title Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma All authors Lobb RJ, Becker M, Wen SW, Wong CS, Wiegmans AP, Leimgruber A, Möller A Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of (show more...)Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. However, there is currently limited information elucidating the most efficient methods for obtaining high yields of pure exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles, from cell culture supernatant and complex biological fluids such as plasma. To this end, we comprehensively characterize a variety of exosome isolation protocols for their efficiency, yield and purity of isolated exosomes. Repeated ultracentrifugation steps can reduce the quality of exosome preparations leading to lower exosome yield. We show that concentration of cell culture conditioned media using ultrafiltration devices results in increased vesicle isolation when compared to traditional ultracentrifugation protocols. However, our data on using conditioned media isolated from the Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) SK-MES-1 cell line demonstrates that the choice of concentrating device can greatly impact the yield of isolated exosomes. We find that centrifuge-based concentrating methods are more appropriate than pressure-driven concentrating devices and allow the rapid isolation of exosomes from both NSCLC cell culture conditioned media and complex biological fluids. In fact to date, no protocol detailing exosome isolation utilizing current commercial methods from both cells and patient samples has been described. Utilizing tunable resistive pulse sensing and protein analysis, we provide a comparative analysis of 4 exosome isolation techniques, indicating their efficacy and preparation purity. Our results demonstrate that current precipitation protocols for the isolation of exosomes from cell culture conditioned media and plasma provide the least pure preparations of exosomes, whereas size exclusion isolation is comparable to density gradient purification of exosomes. We have identified current shortcomings in common extracellular vesicle isolation methods and provide a potential standardized method that is effective, reproducible and can be utilized for various starting materials. We believe this method will have extensive application in the growing field of extracellular vesicle research. (hide) EV-METRIC 50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C UF qEV Protein markers EV: TSG101/ HSP70/ Flotilin1 non-EV: Cell organelle protein Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Pelleting performed No Commercial kit qEV Other Name other separation method qEV Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150007	4/10	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C Filtration UF	Lobb RJ	2015	50%
Study summary Full title Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma All authors Lobb RJ, Becker M, Wen SW, Wong CS, Wiegmans AP, Leimgruber A, Möller A Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of (show more...)Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. However, there is currently limited information elucidating the most efficient methods for obtaining high yields of pure exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles, from cell culture supernatant and complex biological fluids such as plasma. To this end, we comprehensively characterize a variety of exosome isolation protocols for their efficiency, yield and purity of isolated exosomes. Repeated ultracentrifugation steps can reduce the quality of exosome preparations leading to lower exosome yield. We show that concentration of cell culture conditioned media using ultrafiltration devices results in increased vesicle isolation when compared to traditional ultracentrifugation protocols. However, our data on using conditioned media isolated from the Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) SK-MES-1 cell line demonstrates that the choice of concentrating device can greatly impact the yield of isolated exosomes. We find that centrifuge-based concentrating methods are more appropriate than pressure-driven concentrating devices and allow the rapid isolation of exosomes from both NSCLC cell culture conditioned media and complex biological fluids. In fact to date, no protocol detailing exosome isolation utilizing current commercial methods from both cells and patient samples has been described. Utilizing tunable resistive pulse sensing and protein analysis, we provide a comparative analysis of 4 exosome isolation techniques, indicating their efficacy and preparation purity. Our results demonstrate that current precipitation protocols for the isolation of exosomes from cell culture conditioned media and plasma provide the least pure preparations of exosomes, whereas size exclusion isolation is comparable to density gradient purification of exosomes. We have identified current shortcomings in common extracellular vesicle isolation methods and provide a potential standardized method that is effective, reproducible and can be utilized for various starting materials. We believe this method will have extensive application in the growing field of extracellular vesicle research. (hide) EV-METRIC 50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Filtration UF Protein markers EV: TSG101/ HSP70/ Flotilin1/ CD63 non-EV: Cell organelle protein Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Pelleting performed No Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD63/ Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150007	5/10	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG Filtration UF	Lobb RJ	2015	50%
Study summary Full title Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma All authors Lobb RJ, Becker M, Wen SW, Wong CS, Wiegmans AP, Leimgruber A, Möller A Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of (show more...)Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. However, there is currently limited information elucidating the most efficient methods for obtaining high yields of pure exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles, from cell culture supernatant and complex biological fluids such as plasma. To this end, we comprehensively characterize a variety of exosome isolation protocols for their efficiency, yield and purity of isolated exosomes. Repeated ultracentrifugation steps can reduce the quality of exosome preparations leading to lower exosome yield. We show that concentration of cell culture conditioned media using ultrafiltration devices results in increased vesicle isolation when compared to traditional ultracentrifugation protocols. However, our data on using conditioned media isolated from the Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) SK-MES-1 cell line demonstrates that the choice of concentrating device can greatly impact the yield of isolated exosomes. We find that centrifuge-based concentrating methods are more appropriate than pressure-driven concentrating devices and allow the rapid isolation of exosomes from both NSCLC cell culture conditioned media and complex biological fluids. In fact to date, no protocol detailing exosome isolation utilizing current commercial methods from both cells and patient samples has been described. Utilizing tunable resistive pulse sensing and protein analysis, we provide a comparative analysis of 4 exosome isolation techniques, indicating their efficacy and preparation purity. Our results demonstrate that current precipitation protocols for the isolation of exosomes from cell culture conditioned media and plasma provide the least pure preparations of exosomes, whereas size exclusion isolation is comparable to density gradient purification of exosomes. We have identified current shortcomings in common extracellular vesicle isolation methods and provide a potential standardized method that is effective, reproducible and can be utilized for various starting materials. We believe this method will have extensive application in the growing field of extracellular vesicle research. (hide) EV-METRIC 50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Filtration UF Protein markers EV: TSG101/ HSP70/ Flotilin1 non-EV: Cell organelle protein Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Pelleting performed No Density gradient Lowest density fraction 5 Highest density fraction 40 Orientation Top-down Rotor type 50.2Ti Speed (g) 100000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS

	EV150007	7/10	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C Exo-spin Filtration	Lobb RJ	2015	50%
Study summary Full title Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma All authors Lobb RJ, Becker M, Wen SW, Wong CS, Wiegmans AP, Leimgruber A, Möller A Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of (show more...)Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. However, there is currently limited information elucidating the most efficient methods for obtaining high yields of pure exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles, from cell culture supernatant and complex biological fluids such as plasma. To this end, we comprehensively characterize a variety of exosome isolation protocols for their efficiency, yield and purity of isolated exosomes. Repeated ultracentrifugation steps can reduce the quality of exosome preparations leading to lower exosome yield. We show that concentration of cell culture conditioned media using ultrafiltration devices results in increased vesicle isolation when compared to traditional ultracentrifugation protocols. However, our data on using conditioned media isolated from the Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) SK-MES-1 cell line demonstrates that the choice of concentrating device can greatly impact the yield of isolated exosomes. We find that centrifuge-based concentrating methods are more appropriate than pressure-driven concentrating devices and allow the rapid isolation of exosomes from both NSCLC cell culture conditioned media and complex biological fluids. In fact to date, no protocol detailing exosome isolation utilizing current commercial methods from both cells and patient samples has been described. Utilizing tunable resistive pulse sensing and protein analysis, we provide a comparative analysis of 4 exosome isolation techniques, indicating their efficacy and preparation purity. Our results demonstrate that current precipitation protocols for the isolation of exosomes from cell culture conditioned media and plasma provide the least pure preparations of exosomes, whereas size exclusion isolation is comparable to density gradient purification of exosomes. We have identified current shortcomings in common extracellular vesicle isolation methods and provide a potential standardized method that is effective, reproducible and can be utilized for various starting materials. We believe this method will have extensive application in the growing field of extracellular vesicle research. (hide) EV-METRIC 50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Exo-spin Filtration Protein markers EV: TSG101/ HSP70/ Flotilin1 non-EV: Cell organelle protein Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Pelleting performed No Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Commercial kit Exo-spin Other Name other separation method Exo-spin Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Close-up

	EV150007	8/10	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C ExoQuick Filtration	Lobb RJ	2015	50%
Study summary Full title Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma All authors Lobb RJ, Becker M, Wen SW, Wong CS, Wiegmans AP, Leimgruber A, Möller A Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of (show more...)Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. However, there is currently limited information elucidating the most efficient methods for obtaining high yields of pure exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles, from cell culture supernatant and complex biological fluids such as plasma. To this end, we comprehensively characterize a variety of exosome isolation protocols for their efficiency, yield and purity of isolated exosomes. Repeated ultracentrifugation steps can reduce the quality of exosome preparations leading to lower exosome yield. We show that concentration of cell culture conditioned media using ultrafiltration devices results in increased vesicle isolation when compared to traditional ultracentrifugation protocols. However, our data on using conditioned media isolated from the Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) SK-MES-1 cell line demonstrates that the choice of concentrating device can greatly impact the yield of isolated exosomes. We find that centrifuge-based concentrating methods are more appropriate than pressure-driven concentrating devices and allow the rapid isolation of exosomes from both NSCLC cell culture conditioned media and complex biological fluids. In fact to date, no protocol detailing exosome isolation utilizing current commercial methods from both cells and patient samples has been described. Utilizing tunable resistive pulse sensing and protein analysis, we provide a comparative analysis of 4 exosome isolation techniques, indicating their efficacy and preparation purity. Our results demonstrate that current precipitation protocols for the isolation of exosomes from cell culture conditioned media and plasma provide the least pure preparations of exosomes, whereas size exclusion isolation is comparable to density gradient purification of exosomes. We have identified current shortcomings in common extracellular vesicle isolation methods and provide a potential standardized method that is effective, reproducible and can be utilized for various starting materials. We believe this method will have extensive application in the growing field of extracellular vesicle research. (hide) EV-METRIC 50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C ExoQuick Filtration Protein markers EV: TSG101/ HSP70/ Flotilin1 non-EV: Cell organelle protein Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Pelleting performed No Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Commercial kit ExoQuick Other Name other separation method ExoQuick Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101 Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Close-up

	EV140124	2/6	Homo sapiens	LNCaP	ExoQuick	Ramteke, Anand	2015	50%
Study summary Full title Exosomes secreted under hypoxia enhance invasiveness and stemness of prostate cancer cells by targeting adherens junction molecules All authors Anand Ramteke, Harold Ting, Chapla Agarwal, Samiha Mateen, Ranganathan Somasagara, Anowar Hussain, Michael Graner, Barbara Frederick, Rajesh Agarwal, Gagan Deep Journal Mol Carcinog Abstract Hypoxic conditions in prostate cancer (PCA) are associated with poor prognosis; however, precise mec (show more...)Hypoxic conditions in prostate cancer (PCA) are associated with poor prognosis; however, precise mechanism/s through which hypoxia promotes malignant phenotype remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the role of exosomes from hypoxic PCA cells in enhancing the invasiveness and stemness of naïve PCA cells, as well as in promoting cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype in prostate stromal cells (PrSC). Human PCA LNCaP and PC3 cells were exposed to hypoxic (1% O2 ) or normoxic (21% O2 ) conditions, and exosomes secreted under hypoxic (Exo(Hypoxic) ) and normoxic (Exo(Normoxic) ) conditions were isolated from conditioned media. Nanoparticle tracking analysis revealed that Exo(Hypoxic) have smaller average size as compared to Exo(Normoxic) . Immunoblotting results showed a higher level of tetraspanins (CD63 and CD81), heat shock proteins (HSP90 and HSP70), and Annexin II in Exo(Hypoxic) compared to Exo(Normoxic) . Co-culturing with Exo(Hypoxic) increased the invasiveness and motility of naïve LNCaP and PC3 cells, respectively. Exo(Hypoxic) also promoted prostasphere formation by both LNCaP and PC3 cells, and enhanced α-SMA (a CAF biomarker) expression in PrSC. Compared to Exo(Normoxic) , Exo(Hypoxic) showed higher metalloproteinases activity and increased level of diverse signaling molecules (TGF-β2, TNF1α, IL6, TSG101, Akt, ILK1, and β-catenin). Furthermore, proteome analysis revealed a higher number of proteins in Exo(Hypoxic) (160 proteins) compared to Exo(Normoxic) (62 proteins), primarily associated with the remodeling of epithelial adherens junction pathway. Importantly, Exo(Hypoxic) targeted the expression of adherens junction proteins in naïve PC3 cells. These findings suggest that Exo(Hypoxic) are loaded with unique proteins that could enhance invasiveness, stemness, and induce microenvironment changes; thereby, promoting PCA aggressiveness. (hide) EV-METRIC 50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture ExoQuick Protein markers EV: CD63/ MMP-9/ MMP-2/ TGF-beta2/ TNF1alpha/ IL6/ TSG101/ Akt/ ILK1/ beta-catenin/ PKM2/ HSP90/ Annexin II/ alpha-tubulin/ / Alix/ CD81/ HSP70 non-EV: Calnexin Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells LNCaP EV-harvesting Medium EV-depleted medium Preparation of EDS Commercial Separation Method Commercial kit ExoQuick Other Name other separation method ExoQuick Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Lowry-based assay Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD63/ HSP90/ Annexin II/ alpha-tubulin/ / MMP-9/ MMP-2/ TGF-beta2/ TNF1alpha/ IL6/ TSG101/ Akt/ ILK1/ beta-catenin/ PKM2/ HSP70/ Alix/ CD81 Not detected contaminants Calnexin Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis NTA Report type Mean Reported size (nm) 187 EV concentration Yes Particle yield Yes, as number of particles per milliliter of starting sample 0.26E8 EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Close-up

	EV140124	4/6	Homo sapiens	LNCaP	ExoQuick	Ramteke, Anand	2015	50%
Study summary Full title Exosomes secreted under hypoxia enhance invasiveness and stemness of prostate cancer cells by targeting adherens junction molecules All authors Anand Ramteke, Harold Ting, Chapla Agarwal, Samiha Mateen, Ranganathan Somasagara, Anowar Hussain, Michael Graner, Barbara Frederick, Rajesh Agarwal, Gagan Deep Journal Mol Carcinog Abstract Hypoxic conditions in prostate cancer (PCA) are associated with poor prognosis; however, precise mec (show more...)Hypoxic conditions in prostate cancer (PCA) are associated with poor prognosis; however, precise mechanism/s through which hypoxia promotes malignant phenotype remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the role of exosomes from hypoxic PCA cells in enhancing the invasiveness and stemness of naïve PCA cells, as well as in promoting cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) phenotype in prostate stromal cells (PrSC). Human PCA LNCaP and PC3 cells were exposed to hypoxic (1% O2 ) or normoxic (21% O2 ) conditions, and exosomes secreted under hypoxic (Exo(Hypoxic) ) and normoxic (Exo(Normoxic) ) conditions were isolated from conditioned media. Nanoparticle tracking analysis revealed that Exo(Hypoxic) have smaller average size as compared to Exo(Normoxic) . Immunoblotting results showed a higher level of tetraspanins (CD63 and CD81), heat shock proteins (HSP90 and HSP70), and Annexin II in Exo(Hypoxic) compared to Exo(Normoxic) . Co-culturing with Exo(Hypoxic) increased the invasiveness and motility of naïve LNCaP and PC3 cells, respectively. Exo(Hypoxic) also promoted prostasphere formation by both LNCaP and PC3 cells, and enhanced α-SMA (a CAF biomarker) expression in PrSC. Compared to Exo(Normoxic) , Exo(Hypoxic) showed higher metalloproteinases activity and increased level of diverse signaling molecules (TGF-β2, TNF1α, IL6, TSG101, Akt, ILK1, and β-catenin). Furthermore, proteome analysis revealed a higher number of proteins in Exo(Hypoxic) (160 proteins) compared to Exo(Normoxic) (62 proteins), primarily associated with the remodeling of epithelial adherens junction pathway. Importantly, Exo(Hypoxic) targeted the expression of adherens junction proteins in naïve PC3 cells. These findings suggest that Exo(Hypoxic) are loaded with unique proteins that could enhance invasiveness, stemness, and induce microenvironment changes; thereby, promoting PCA aggressiveness. (hide) EV-METRIC 50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Hypoxia Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture ExoQuick Protein markers EV: CD63/ MMP-9/ MMP-2/ TGF-beta2/ TNF1alpha/ IL6/ TSG101/ Akt/ ILK1/ beta-catenin/ PKM2/ HSP90/ Annexin II/ alpha-tubulin/ / Alix/ CD81/ HSP70 non-EV: Calnexin Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells LNCaP EV-harvesting Medium EV-depleted medium Preparation of EDS Commercial Separation Method Commercial kit ExoQuick Other Name other separation method ExoQuick Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Lowry-based assay Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ Annexin II/ alpha-tubulin/ / MMP-9/ MMP-2/ TGF-beta2/ TNF1alpha/ IL6/ TSG101/ Akt/ ILK1/ beta-catenin/ PKM2/ CD63/ HSP90/ HSP70/ CD81 Not detected contaminants Calnexin Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis NTA Report type Mean Reported size (nm) 141 EV concentration Yes Particle yield Yes, as number of particles per milliliter of starting sample 0.24E8 EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Close-up

	EV230662	5/6	Mycobacterium smegmatis	mc²155	(d)(U)C Filtration	Kumar S	2015	45%
Study summary Full title Mycobacterial tlyA gene product is localized to the cell-wall without signal sequence. All authors Kumar S, Mittal E, Deore S, Kumar A, Rahman A, Krishnasastry MV Journal Front Cell Infect Microbiol Abstract The mycobacterial tlyA gene product, Rv1694 (MtbTlyA), has been annotated as "hemolysin" which was r (show more...)The mycobacterial tlyA gene product, Rv1694 (MtbTlyA), has been annotated as "hemolysin" which was re-annotated as 2'-O rRNA methyl transferase. In order to function as a hemolysin, it must reach the extracellular milieu with the help of signal sequence(s) and/or transmembrane segment(s). However, the MtbTlyA neither has classical signals sequences that signify general/Sec/Tat pathways nor transmembrane segments. Interestingly, the tlyA gene appears to be restricted to pathogenic strains such as H37Rv, M. marinum, M. leprae, than M. smegmatis, M. vaccae, M. kansasii etc., which highlights the need for a detailed investigation to understand its functions. In this study, we have provided several evidences which highlight the presence of TlyA on the surface of M. marinum (native host) and upon expression in M. smegmatis (surrogate host) and E. coli (heterologous host). The TlyA was visualized at the bacterial-surface by confocal microscopy and accessible to Proteinase K. In addition, sub-cellular fractionation has revealed the presence of TlyA in the membrane fractions and this sequestration is not dependent on TatA, TatC or SecA2 pathways. As a consequence of expression, the recombinant bacteria exhibit distinct hemolysis. Interestingly, the MtbTlyA was also detected in both membrane vesicles secreted by M. smegmatis and outer membrane vesicles secreted by E. coli. Our experimental evidences unambiguously confirm that the mycobacterial TlyA can reach the extra cellular milieu without any signal sequence. Hence, the localization of TlyA class of proteins at the bacterial surface may highlight the existence of non-classical bacterial secretion mechanisms. (hide) EV-METRIC 45% (86th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin pTlyA transformed Focus vesicles Membrane vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Filtration Protein markers EV: TlyA/ DnaK non-EV: None Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function/Biogenesis/cargo sorting Sample Species Mycobacterium smegmatis Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells mc²155 Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Pelleting: rotor type TLA-100 Pelleting: speed (g) 150000 Filtration steps 0.45µm > x > 0.22µm, Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins TlyA/ DnaK Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type Transmission-EM/ immuno-EM EM protein TlyA Image type Close-up

	EV230657	2/2	Escherichia coli	O104:H4	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Kunsmann L	2015	45%
Study summary Full title Virulence from vesicles: Novel mechanisms of host cell injury by Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak strain. All authors Kunsmann L, Rüter C, Bauwens A, Greune L, Glüder M, Kemper B, Fruth A, Wai SN, He X, Lloubes R, Schmidt MA, Dobrindt U, Mellmann A, Karch H, Bielaszewska M Journal Sci Rep Abstract The highly virulent Escherichia coli O104:H4 that caused the large 2011 outbreak of diarrhoea and ha (show more...)The highly virulent Escherichia coli O104:H4 that caused the large 2011 outbreak of diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome secretes blended virulence factors of enterohaemorrhagic and enteroaggregative E. coli, but their secretion pathways are unknown. We demonstrate that the outbreak strain releases a cocktail of virulence factors via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) shed during growth. The OMVs contain Shiga toxin (Stx) 2a, the major virulence factor of the strain, Shigella enterotoxin 1, H4 flagellin, and O104 lipopolysaccharide. The OMVs bind to and are internalised by human intestinal epithelial cells via dynamin-dependent and Stx2a-independent endocytosis, deliver the OMV-associated virulence factors intracellularly and induce caspase-9-mediated apoptosis and interleukin-8 secretion. Stx2a is the key OMV component responsible for the cytotoxicity, whereas flagellin and lipopolysaccharide are the major interleukin-8 inducers. The OMVs represent novel ways for the E. coli O104:H4 outbreak strain to deliver pathogenic cargoes and injure host cells. (hide) EV-METRIC 45% (86th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin C227-11Φcu Focus vesicles Outer membrane vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Filtration Protein markers EV: OmpA/ ShET1/ Flagellin non-EV: Pic/ SigA/ SepA Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function/Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Escherichia coli Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells O104:H4 EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Pelleting: rotor type Type 45 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 235000 Density gradient Type Discontinuous Number of initial discontinuous layers 6 Lowest density fraction 20% Highest density fraction 45% Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL) 12 Sample volume (mL) 2 Orientation Bottom-up Speed (g) 288000 Duration (min) 960 Fraction volume (mL) 1 Fraction processing None Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Bradford Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins OmpA/ ShET1/ Flagellin Not detected contaminants Pic/ SigA/ SepA Characterization: Lipid analysis Yes Characterization: Particle analysis None

	EV230510	2/4	Mus musculus	RAW264.7	(d)(U)C DG	Athman JJ	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Bacterial Membrane Vesicles Mediate the Release of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lipoglycans and Lipoproteins from Infected Macrophages. All authors Athman JJ, Wang Y, McDonald DJ, Boom WH, Harding CV, Wearsch PA Journal J Immunol Abstract Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen that infects lung macrophages and releases m (show more...)Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen that infects lung macrophages and releases microbial factors that regulate host defense. M. tuberculosis lipoproteins and lipoglycans block phagosome maturation, inhibit class II MHC Ag presentation, and modulate TLR2-dependent cytokine production, but the mechanisms for their release during infection are poorly defined. Furthermore, these molecules are thought to be incorporated into host membranes and released from infected macrophages within exosomes, 40-150-nm extracellular vesicles that derive from multivesicular endosomes. However, our studies revealed that extracellular vesicles released from infected macrophages include two distinct, largely nonoverlapping populations: one containing host cell markers of exosomes (CD9, CD63) and the other containing M. tuberculosis molecules (lipoglycans, lipoproteins). These vesicle populations are similar in size but have distinct densities, as determined by separation on sucrose gradients. Release of lipoglycans and lipoproteins from infected macrophages was dependent on bacterial viability, implicating active bacterial mechanisms in their secretion. Consistent with recent reports of extracellular vesicle production by bacteria (including M. tuberculosis), we propose that bacterial membrane vesicles are secreted by M. tuberculosis within infected macrophages and subsequently are released into the extracellular environment. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles released from M. tuberculosis-infected cells activate TLR2 and induce cytokine responses by uninfected macrophages. We demonstrate that these activities derive from the bacterial membrane vesicles rather than exosomes. Our findings suggest that bacterial membrane vesicles are the primary means by which M. tuberculosis exports lipoglycans and lipoproteins to impair effector functions of infected macrophages and circulate bacterial components beyond the site of infection to regulate immune responses by uninfected cells. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Live mycobacterium tubercolusis Focus vesicles extracellular vesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Protein markers EV: CD9/ CD63/ LpqH/ LAM/ LM/ MHCII/ Mtb non-EV: None Proteomics no EV density (g/ml) 1.11-1.17 Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Mus musculus Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells RAW264.7 EV-harvesting Medium EV-depleted medium Preparation of EDS >=18h at >= 100,000g Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: rotor type SW 28 Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Wash: time (min) 70 Wash: Rotor Type TLA-100.3 Wash: speed (g) 100000 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Type Continuous Lowest density fraction 0.2 M Highest density fraction 1.8 M Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL) 11.7 Sample volume (mL) 0.2 Orientation Top-down Speed (g) 110000 Duration (min) 1140 Fraction volume (mL) 1 Fraction processing Precipitation of all proteins/vesicles (e.g. through acidification, Amphipol,...) Other Name other separation method Density gradient Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD9/ CD63/ LpqH/ LAM/ LM Other 1 Immunofluorescence Detected EV-associated proteins CD9/ CD63/ Mtb Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS Report type Modus Reported size (nm) 95-105 EM EM-type Transmission-EM/ Immuno-EM EM protein CD9/ MHCII/ Mtb Image type Close-up

	EV210504	1/5	Macaca mulatta	Brain tissue	(d)(U)C DG	Yelamanchili SV	2015	44%
Study summary Full title MiR-21 in Extracellular Vesicles Leads to Neurotoxicity via TLR7 Signaling in SIV Neurological Disease. All authors Yelamanchili SV, Lamberty BG, Rennard DA, Morsey BM, Hochfelder CG, Meays BM, Levy E, Fox HS Journal PLoS Pathog Abstract Recent studies have found that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in normal and dis (show more...)Recent studies have found that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in normal and disease processes. In the present study, we isolated and characterized EVs from the brains of rhesus macaques, both with and without simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) induced central nervous system (CNS) disease. Small RNA sequencing revealed increased miR-21 levels in EVs from SIV encephalitic (SIVE) brains. In situ hybridization revealed increased miR-21 expression in neurons and macrophage/microglial cells/nodules during SIV induced CNS disease. In vitro culture of macrophages revealed that miR-21 is released into EVs and is neurotoxic when compared to EVs derived from miR-21-/- knockout animals. A mutation of the sequence within miR-21, predicted to bind TLR7, eliminates this neurotoxicity. Indeed miR-21 in EV activates TLR7 in a reporter cell line, and the neurotoxicity is dependent upon TLR7, as neurons isolated from TLR7-/- knockout mice are protected from neurotoxicity. Further, we show that EVs isolated from the brains of monkeys with SIV induced CNS disease activates TLR7 and were neurotoxic when compared to EVs from control animals. Finally, we show that EV-miR-21 induced neurotoxicity was unaffected by apoptosis inhibition but could be prevented by a necroptosis inhibitor, necrostatin-1, highlighting the actions of this pathway in a growing number of CNS disorders. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (51st percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Brain tissue Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles extracellular vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation Density gradient Protein markers EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ SNAP 25/ HSP70/ Synaptophysin/ CD9 non-EV: None Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Macaca mulatta Sample Type Brain tissue Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 37 Wash: time (min) 60 Wash: speed (g) 100000 Density gradient Type Discontinuous Number of initial discontinuous layers 6 Lowest density fraction 0.25M Highest density fraction 2.0M Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL) 12 Sample volume (mL) 2 Speed (g) 200000 Duration (min) 960 Fraction volume (mL) 6 Fraction processing Centrifugation Pelleting: duration (min) 60 Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method BCA Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD9/ CD63/ TSG101/ HSP70/ CD81 Not detected EV-associated proteins Synaptophysin/ SNAP 25 Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type (RT)(q)PCR/ RNA sequencing Database Yes Proteinase treatment No RNAse treatment No Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Close-up

	EV210395	1/1	Homo sapiens	Bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells	dUC	Shabbir A	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Induce Proliferation and Migration of Normal and Chronic Wound Fibroblasts, and Enhance Angiogenesis In Vitro. All authors Shabbir A, Cox A, Rodriguez-Menocal L, Salgado M, Van Badiavas E Journal Stem Cells Dev Abstract Although chronic wounds are common and continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality, trea (show more...)Although chronic wounds are common and continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality, treatments for these conditions are lacking and often ineffective. A large body of evidence exists demonstrating the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for repair and regeneration of damaged tissue, including acceleration of cutaneous wound healing. However, the exact mechanisms of wound healing mediated by MSCs are unclear. In this study, we examined the role of MSC exosomes in wound healing. We found that MSC exosomes ranged from 30 to 100-nm in diameter and internalization of MSC exosomes resulted in a dose-dependent enhancement of proliferation and migration of fibroblasts derived from normal donors and chronic wound patients. Uptake of MSC exosomes by human umbilical vein endothelial cells also resulted in dose-dependent increases of tube formation by endothelial cells. MSC exosomes were found to activate several signaling pathways important in wound healing (Akt, ERK, and STAT3) and induce the expression of a number of growth factors [hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), nerve growth factor (NGF), and stromal-derived growth factor-1 (SDF1)]. These findings represent a promising opportunity to gain insight into how MSCs may mediate wound healing. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture dUC Protein markers EV: Flotillin1/ CD9/ CD63/ Beta-actin/ GAPDH/ phosphoStat3 (Tyr750)/ total Stat3/ phospho AKT (Ser473)/ total AKT/ phospho ERK 1/2 (Thr202/204)/ total ERK 1/2/ TSG101/ HSP70/ Alix/ CD81 non-EV: GM130 Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells Bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells EV-harvesting Medium EV-depleted medium Preparation of EDS 3h at 100,000g/ Other preparation Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: rotor type Type 70 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Wash: time (min) 70 Wash: Rotor Type Type 70 Ti Wash: speed (g) 100000 Other Name other separation method dUC Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method BCA Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Flotillin1/ CD9/ CD63/ Beta-actin/ GAPDH/ phosphoStat3 (Tyr750)/ total Stat3/ phospho AKT (Ser473)/ total AKT/ phospho ERK 1/2 (Thr202/204)/ total ERK Not detected contaminants GM130 Characterization: Lipid analysis No EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Close-up Report size (nm) 30-100

	EV210169	1/1	Homo sapiens	Blood plasma	(d)(U)C IAF Filtration DG	Guescini, Michele	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Muscle Releases Alpha-Sarcoglycan Positive Extracellular Vesicles Carrying miRNAs in the Bloodstream All authors Michele Guescini, Barbara Canonico, Francesco Lucertini, Serena Maggio, Giosué Annibalini, Elena Barbieri, Francesca Luchetti, Stefano Papa, Vilberto Stocchi Journal PLoS One Abstract In the past few years, skeletal muscle has emerged as an important secretory organ producing soluble (show more...)In the past few years, skeletal muscle has emerged as an important secretory organ producing soluble factors, called myokines, that exert either autocrine, paracrine or endocrine effects. Moreover, recent studies have shown that muscle releases microRNAs into the bloodstream in response to physical exercise. These microRNAs affect target cells, such as hormones and cytokines. The mechanisms underlying microRNA secretion are poorly characterized at present. Here, we investigated whether muscle tissue releases extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry microRNAs in the bloodstream under physiological conditions such as physical exercise. Using density gradient separation of plasma from sedentary and physically fit young men we found EVs positive for TSG101 and alpha-sarcoglycan (SGCA), and enriched for miR-206. Cytometric analysis showed that the SGCA+ EVs account for 1-5% of the total and that 60-65% of these EVs were also positive for the exosomal marker CD81. Furthermore, the SGCA-immuno captured sub-population of EVs exhibited higher levels of the miR-206/miR16 ratio compared to total plasma EVs. Finally, a significant positive correlation was found between the aerobic fitness and muscle-specific miRNAs and EV miR-133b and -181a-5p were significantly up-regulated after acute exercise. Thus, our study proposes EVs as a novel means of muscle communication potentially involved in muscle remodeling and homeostasis. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (76th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Blood plasma Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles extracellular vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Immunoaffinity capture (non-commercial) Filtration DG Protein markers EV: CD81/ TSG101/ Alpha-sarcoglycan non-EV: None Proteomics no EV density (g/ml) 1.11 Show all info Study aim Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Blood plasma Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 110000 Density gradient Type Discontinuous Number of initial discontinuous layers 4 Lowest density fraction 5 Highest density fraction 40 Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL) 12.5 Sample volume (mL) 0.5 Orientation Top-down Rotor type Not specified Speed (g) 100000 Duration (min) 1080 Fraction volume (mL) 1 Fraction processing Centrifugation Pelleting: volume per fraction 1 Pelleting: duration (min) 60 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Immunoaffinity capture Selected surface protein(s) Alpha-sarcoglycan Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Bradford Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alpha-sarcoglycan/ TSG101 Flow cytometry Type of Flow cytometry Not specified Calibration bead size 1 Detected EV-associated proteins CD81/ Alpha-sarcoglycan Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type (RT)(q)PCR Database No Proteinase treatment No RNAse treatment No Characterization: Lipid analysis No

	EV210117	1/3	Homo sapiens	Kelly	(d)(U)C	Helge Haug, Bjørn	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Exosome-like Extracellular Vesicles from MYCN-amplified Neuroblastoma Cells Contain Oncogenic miRNAs All authors Bjørn Helge Haug, Øyvind H Hald, Peter Utnes, Sarah A Roth, Cecilie Løkke, Trond Flægstad, Christer Einvik Journal Anticancer Res Abstract Background: In recent years, evidence has accumulated indicating that both normal and cancer cells c (show more...)Background: In recent years, evidence has accumulated indicating that both normal and cancer cells communicate via the release and delivery of macromolecules packed into extracellular membrane vesicles. Materials and methods: We isolated nano-sized extracellular vesicles from MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines using ultracentrifugation and exosome precipitation (Exoquick) protocols. These vesicles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. Exosomal miRNA profiles were obtained using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ready-to-use panel measuring a total of 742 miRNAs. Results: In this study, we showed that MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines secrete populations of miRNAs inside small exosome-like vesicular particles. These particles were shown to be taken-up by recipient cells. By profiling the miRNA content, we demonstrated high expression of a group of established oncomirs in exosomes from two MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines. Despite the fact that other studies have demonstrated the ability of exosomal miRNAs both to repress mRNA targets and to stimulate Toll-like receptor-8 (TLR8) signaling in recipient cells, we did not observe these effects with exosomes from MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells. However, functional enrichment analysis reveals that mRNA targets of highly expressed exosomal miRNAs are associated with a range of cellular and molecular functions related to cell growth and cell death. Conclusion: MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines secrete exosome-like particles containing oncogenic miRNAs. This work showed for the first time that neuroblastoma cells secrete exosome-like particles containing miRNAs with potential roles in cancer progression. These findings indicate a new way for MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells to interact with the tumor environment. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Protein markers EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD9 non-EV: actin/ N-myc/ GRP78 Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function/Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells Kelly EV-harvesting Medium EV-depleted medium;Serum-containing, but physical separation of serum EVs and secreted EVs (e.g. Bioreactor flask) Preparation of EDS overnight (16h) at >=100,000g + filtration 0.2 µm Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 110 000 Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Lowry-based assay Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD9/ CD63/ TSG101 Not detected contaminants actin/ N-myc/ GRP78 Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type (RT)(q)PCR;Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer) Database No Proteinase treatment No RNAse treatment Yes Moment of RNAse treatment After RNAse type RNase A RNAse concentration 5 U/ml Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis NTA Report type Size range/distribution Reported size (nm) 50-350 EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field Report size (nm) 50-350

	EV210090	1/6	Simiiformes	CSF	(d)(U)C	Yuyama, Kohei	2015	44%
Study summary Full title A potential function for neuronal exosomes: sequestering intracerebral amyloid-β peptide All authors Kohei Yuyama, Hui Sun, Seigo Usuki, Shota Sakai, Hisatoshi Hanamatsu, Tetsuo Mioka, Nobuyuki Kimura, Megumi Okada, Hidetoshi Tahara, Jun-ichi Furukawa, Naoki Fujitani, Yasuro Shinohara, Yasuyuki Igarashi Journal FEBS Lett Abstract Elevated amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in brain contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. We (show more...)Elevated amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in brain contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. We demonstrated the presence of exosome-associated Aβ in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of cynomolgus monkeys and APP transgenic mice. The levels of exosome-associated Aβ notably decreased in the CSF of aging animals. We also determined that neuronal exosomes, but not glial exosomes, had abundant glycosphingolipids and could capture Aβ. Infusion of neuronal exosomes into brains of APP transgenic mice decreased Aβ and amyloid depositions, similarly to what reported previously on neuroblastoma-derived exosomes. These findings highlight the role of neuronal exosomes in Aβ clearance, and suggest that their downregulation might relate to Aβ accumulation and, ultimately, the development of AD pathology. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type CSF Sample origin Cynomolgus monkey Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Protein markers EV: Flotillin1/ GM-1/ Amyloid-β/ Alix non-EV: Tranferrin receptor/ GM130 Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Simiiformes Sample Type CSF Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 60 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method Not determined Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Flotillin1/ GM-1/ Amyloid-β/ Alix Not detected contaminants Tranferrin receptor/ GM130 ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins Amyloid beta Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS Report type Not Reported EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Close-up, Wide-field

	EV150108	3/4	Homo sapiens	MCF-7	(d)(U)C	Tosar JP	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Assessment of small RNA sorting into different extracellular fractions revealed by high-throughput sequencing of breast cell lines. All authors Tosar JP, Gámbaro F, Sanguinetti J, Bonilla B, Witwer KW, Cayota A. Journal Nucleic Acids Res Abstract Intercellular communication can be mediated by extracellular small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs). Circulat (show more...)Intercellular communication can be mediated by extracellular small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs). Circulating sRNAs are being intensively studied for their promising use as minimally invasive disease biomarkers. To date, most attention is centered on exosomes and microRNAs as the vectors and the secreted species, respectively. However, this field would benefit from an increased understanding of the plethora of sRNAs secreted by different cell types in different extracellular fractions. It is still not clear if specific sRNAs are selected for secretion, or if sRNA secretion is mostly passive. We sequenced the intracellular sRNA content (19-60 nt) of breast epithelial cell lines (MCF-7 and MCF-10A) and compared it with extracellular fractions enriched in microvesicles, exosomes and ribonucleoprotein complexes. Our results are consistent with a non-selective secretion model for most microRNAs, although a few showed secretion patterns consistent with preferential secretion. On the contrary, 5' tRNA halves and 5' RNA Y4-derived fragments of 31-33 were greatly and significantly enriched in the extracellular space (even in non-mammary cell lines), where tRNA halves were detected as part of ∼45 kDa ribonucleoprotein complexes. Overall, we show that different sRNA families have characteristic secretion patterns and open the question of the role of these sRNAs in the extracellular space. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles extracellular vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Protein markers EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD9 non-EV: Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Biogenesis/cargo sorting/Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells MCF-7 EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Cell viability (%) 95 Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 30 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 16000 Wash: time (min) 30 Wash: Rotor Type Not specified Wash: speed (g) 16000 Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method BCA Western Blot Not detected EV-associated proteins CD9/ CD63/ TSG101 Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type RNA sequencing;ddPCR Database Yes Proteinase treatment No RNAse treatment No Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis DLS Report type Not Reported NTA Report type Not Reported EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field

	EV160016	1/3	Homo sapiens	DKO-1	(d)(U)C UF Filtration	Cha DJ	2015	44%
Study summary Full title KRAS-dependent sorting of miRNA to exosomes All authors Cha DJ, Franklin JL, Dou Y, Liu Q, Higginbotham JN, Demory Beckler M, Weaver AM, Vickers K, Prasad N, Levy S, Zhang B, Coffey RJ, Patton JG. Journal Elife Abstract Mutant KRAS colorectal cancer (CRC) cells release protein-laden exosomes that can alter the tumor mi (show more...)Mutant KRAS colorectal cancer (CRC) cells release protein-laden exosomes that can alter the tumor microenvironment. To test whether exosomal RNAs also contribute to changes in gene expression in recipient cells, and whether mutant KRAS might regulate the... (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C UF Filtration Protein markers EV: "Flotillin1/ TSG101/ HSP70/ KRAS/ EGFR/ RAP1/ SRC/ LYN/ ITGB1/ ITGA2/ ITGAV/ ITGA6/ ITGB4/ EPHA2/ EPS8/ CTTN" non-EV: VDAC Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells DKO-1 EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 150000 Wash: time (min) 180 Wash: Rotor Type Not specified Wash: speed (g) 150000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Ultra filtration Cut-off size (kDa) 100 Membrane type Not specified Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method microBCA Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins "Flotillin1/ TSG101/ HSP70/ KRAS/ EGFR/ RAP1/ SRC/ LYN/ ITGB1/ ITGA2/ ITGAV/ ITGA6/ ITGB4/ EPHA2/ EPS8/ CTTN" Not detected contaminants VDAC Proteomics database No Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type "(RT)(q)PCR;RNA sequencing" Database No Proteinase treatment No RNAse treatment No Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis NTA Report type Not Reported EV concentration Yes EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field Report size (nm) 56.3

	EV160016	3/3	Homo sapiens	DKs-8	(d)(U)C UF Filtration	Cha DJ	2015	44%
Study summary Full title KRAS-dependent sorting of miRNA to exosomes All authors Cha DJ, Franklin JL, Dou Y, Liu Q, Higginbotham JN, Demory Beckler M, Weaver AM, Vickers K, Prasad N, Levy S, Zhang B, Coffey RJ, Patton JG. Journal Elife Abstract Mutant KRAS colorectal cancer (CRC) cells release protein-laden exosomes that can alter the tumor mi (show more...)Mutant KRAS colorectal cancer (CRC) cells release protein-laden exosomes that can alter the tumor microenvironment. To test whether exosomal RNAs also contribute to changes in gene expression in recipient cells, and whether mutant KRAS might regulate the... (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C UF Filtration Protein markers EV: "Flotillin1/ TSG101/ HSP70/ EGFR/ RAP1/ SRC/ ITGB1/ ITGA2/ ITGAV/ CTNNA" non-EV: VDAC Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells DKs-8 EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 150000 Wash: time (min) 180 Wash: Rotor Type Not specified Wash: speed (g) 150000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Ultra filtration Cut-off size (kDa) 100 Membrane type Not specified Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method microBCA Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins "Flotillin1/ TSG101/ HSP70/ EGFR/ RAP1/ SRC/ ITGB1/ ITGA2/ ITGAV/ CTNNA" Not detected contaminants VDAC Proteomics database No Characterization: RNA analysis RNA analysis Type "(RT)(q)PCR;RNA sequencing" Database No Proteinase treatment No RNAse treatment No Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis NTA Report type Not Reported EV concentration Yes EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field Report size (nm) 59.2

	EV150104	1/4	Homo sapiens	Urine	DC (d)(U)C	Pocsfalvi G	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Urinary extracellular vesicles as reservoirs of altered proteins during the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease. All authors Pocsfalvi G, Raj DA, Fiume I, Vilasi A, Trepiccione F, Capasso G. Journal Proteomics Clin Appl Abstract PURPOSE: Recent findings indicate that urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) might reflect the pathop (show more...)PURPOSE: Recent findings indicate that urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) might reflect the pathophysiological state of urinary system; and that EVs-induced ciliary signaling is a possible mechanism of intercellular communication within the tract. Here, we aimed to analyze the protein expression of urinary EVs during autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: EVs were isolated from pooled urine samples of healthy control and ADPKD patients at two different stages of the disease and under tolvaptan treatment using the double-cushion ultracentrifugation method. Proteins were identified and quantified by iTRAQ and multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT)-based quantitative proteomics. RESULTS: Quantitative analyses identified 83 differentially expressed EV proteins. Many of these have apical membrane origin and are involved in signal transduction pathways of primary cilia, Ca(2+) -activated signaling, cell-cycle regulation, and cell differentiation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The reduced AQP-2 and the increased APO-A1 levels observed in all ADPKD-affected groups may reflects the impaired renal concentrating capability of these patients and correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate decline. The levels of some upregulated proteins involved in Ca(2+) -activated signaling declined upon tolvaptan treatment. The results obtained suggest that the quantitative proteomics of urinary EVs might be useful to monitor proteins difficult to access noninvasively, and thus advance our understanding of urinary tract physiology and pathology. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (81st percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Urine Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles extracellular vesicle Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture DC (d)(U)C Protein markers EV: TSG101/ Alix/ AQP2/ PKD22/ NHE3/ CD9/ PKD11 non-EV: / Uromodulin/ Albumin Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Biomarker Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Urine Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 60 Pelleting: rotor type Not specified Pelleting: speed (g) 200000 Density cushion Density medium Sucrose Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method microBCA Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD9/ NHE3/ AQP2/ PKD11/ PKD22/ TSG101/ Alix Detected contaminants Not detected contaminants Albumin/ Uromodulin Proteomics database No Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis NTA Report type Modus Reported size (nm) 95 EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150103	5/7	Homo sapiens	HUVEC	(d)(U)C	Dieudé M	2015	44%
Study summary Full title The 20S proteasome core, active within apoptotic exosome-like vesicles, induces autoantibody production and accelerates rejection. All authors Dieudé M, Bell C, Turgeon J, Beillevaire D, Pomerleau L, Yang B, Hamelin K, Qi S, Pallet N, Béland C, Dhahri W, Cailhier JF, Rousseau M, Duchez AC, Lévesque T, Lau A, Rondeau C, Gingras D, Muruve D, Rivard A, Cardinal H, Perreault C, Desjardins M, Boilard É, Thibault P, Hébert MJ Journal J Transl Med Abstract Autoantibodies to components of apoptotic cells, such as anti-perlecan antibodies, contribute to rej (show more...)Autoantibodies to components of apoptotic cells, such as anti-perlecan antibodies, contribute to rejection in organ transplant recipients. However, mechanisms of immunization to apoptotic components remain largely uncharacterized. We used large-scale proteomics, with validation by electron microscopy and biochemical methods, to compare the protein profiles of apoptotic bodies and apoptotic exosome-like vesicles, smaller extracellular vesicles released by endothelial cells downstream of caspase-3 activation. We identified apoptotic exosome-like vesicles as a central trigger for production of anti-perlecan antibodies and acceleration of rejection. Unlike apoptotic bodies, apoptotic exosome-like vesicles triggered the production of anti-perlecan antibodies in naïve mice and enhanced anti-perlecan antibody production and allograft inflammation in mice transplanted with an MHC (major histocompatibility complex)-incompatible aortic graft. The 20S proteasome core was active within apoptotic exosome-like vesicles and controlled their immunogenic activity. Finally, we showed that proteasome activity in circulating exosome-like vesicles increased after vascular injury in mice. These findings open new avenues for predicting and controlling maladaptive humoral responses to apoptotic cell components that enhance the risk of rejection after transplantation. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin Apoptosis Focus vesicles apoptotic body Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Adj. k-factor 127.9 (pelleting) Protein markers EV: Tubulin/ TCTP/ Fibronectin/ Syntenin/ LG3/ GM130 non-EV: None Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Function, Biomarker, Identification of content (omics approaches) Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-producing cells HUVEC EV-harvesting Medium Serum free medium Cell viability (%) NA Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 50,000 g and 100,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 1080 Pelleting: rotor type SW 41 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 200000 Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 127.9 Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method microBCA Protein Yield (µg) 2000 Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Syntenin, Fibronectin, TCTP, GM130, Tubulin, LG3 Proteomics database Yes Characterization: Lipid analysis No Characterization: Particle analysis Particle analysis: flow cytometry Flow cytometer type BDCantoII Special Order Research Product Hardware adjustment This high sensitivity Flow cytometer (hsFCM) is equipped with a small particle option. The forward scatter (FSC) on this dedicated equipment is coupled to a photomultiplier tube (PMT) with a 488 nm solid state;100mW output blue laser (rather than the conventional 20 mW);and includes a 633nmHeNe;20mW output red laser and a 405 nm solid state diode;50mW output violet laser. The hsFCM includes a FSC-PMT and a Fourier optical transformation unit;which reduces the background noise and increases the angle of diffusion;therby enhancing the detection of small-diameter particles. Calibration bead size 0.09,0.45,0.84,1,3.2 Report type Median Reported size (nm) 100-200 EV concentration Yes Particle yield 3.50E+07 particles/million cells EM EM-type Transmission-EM Image type Close-up, Wide-field

	EV150031	1/1	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG	van Niel G	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Apolipoprotein E Regulates Amyloid Formation within Endosomes of Pigment Cells All authors van Niel G, Bergam P, Di Cicco A, Hurbain I, Lo Cicero A, Dingli F, Palmulli R, Fort C, Potier MC, Schurgers LJ, Loew D, Levy D, Raposo G Journal Cell Rep Abstract Accumulation of toxic amyloid oligomers is a key feature in the pathogenesis of amyloid-related dise (show more...)Accumulation of toxic amyloid oligomers is a key feature in the pathogenesis of amyloid-related diseases. Formation of mature amyloid fibrils is one defense mechanism to neutralize toxic prefibrillar oligomers. This mechanism is notably influenced by apolipoprotein E variants. Cells that produce mature amyloid fibrils to serve physiological functions must exploit specific mechanisms to avoid potential accumulation of toxic species. Pigment cells have tuned their endosomes to maximize the formation of functional amyloid from the protein PMEL. Here, we show that ApoE is associated with intraluminal vesicles (ILV) within endosomes and remain associated with ILVs when they are secreted as exosomes. ApoE functions in the ESCRT-independent sorting mechanism of PMEL onto ILVs and regulates the endosomal formation of PMEL amyloid fibrils in vitro and in vivo. This process secures the physiological formation of amyloid fibrils by exploiting ILVs as amyloid nucleating platforms. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles Endosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Protein markers EV: TSG101/ ApoE/ CD63 non-EV: Proteomics yes EV density (g/ml) 1.06-1.15 Show all info Study aim Biogenesis/Sorting Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 60 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 10 Highest density fraction 40 Orientation Top-down Speed (g) 100000 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD63/ TSG101/ ApoE ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins ApoE Characterization: Particle analysis EM EM-type immune EM/ cryo EM EM protein CD63;ApoE Image type Close-up, Wide-field

	EV150051	1/3	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C	Hoshino A	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Tumour exosome integrins determine organotropic metastasis All authors Hoshino A, Costa-Silva B, Shen TL, Rodrigues G, Hashimoto A, Tesic Mark M, Molina H, Kohsaka S, Di Giannatale A, Ceder S, Singh S, Williams C, Soplop N, Uryu K, Pharmer L, King T, Bojmar L, Davies AE, Ararso Y, Zhang T, Zhang H, Hernandez J, Weiss JM, Dumont-Cole VD, Kramer K, Wexler LH, Narendran A, Schwartz GK, Healey JH, Sandstrom P, Jørgen Labori K, Kure EH, Grandgenett PM, Hollingsworth MA, de Sousa M, Kaur S, Jain M, Mallya K, Batra SK, Jarnagin WR, Brady MS, Fodstad O, Muller V, Pantel K, Minn AJ, Bissell MJ, Garcia BA, Kang Y, Rajasekhar VK, Ghajar CM, Matei I, Peinado H, Bromberg J, Lyden D Journal Nature Abstract Ever since Stephen Paget's 1889 hypothesis, metastatic organotropism has remained one of cancer's gr (show more...)Ever since Stephen Paget's 1889 hypothesis, metastatic organotropism has remained one of cancer's greatest mysteries. Here we demonstrate that exosomes from mouse and human lung-, liver- and brain-tropic tumour cells fuse preferentially with resident cells at their predicted destination, namely lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells, liver Kupffer cells and brain endothelial cells. We show that tumour-derived exosomes uptaken by organ-specific cells prepare the pre-metastatic niche. Treatment with exosomes from lung-tropic models redirected the metastasis of bone-tropic tumour cells. Exosome proteomics revealed distinct integrin expression patterns, in which the exosomal integrins ?6?4 and ?6?1 were associated with lung metastasis, while exosomal integrin ?v?5 was linked to liver metastasis. Targeting the integrins ?6?4 and ?v?5 decreased exosome uptake, as well as lung and liver metastasis, respectively. We demonstrate that exosome integrin uptake by resident cells activates Src phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory S100 gene expression. Finally, our clinical data indicate that exosomal integrins could be used to predict organ-specific metastasis. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Adj. k-factor 156.9 (pelleting) / 156.9 (washing) Protein markers EV: GAPDH non-EV: Proteomics yes Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Pelleting: rotor type 70Ti Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 156.9 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 20 Wash: Rotor Type 70Ti Wash: adjusted k-factor 156.9 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins GAPDH ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins GAPDH Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150012	1/2	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C	Santi A	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Cancer associated fibroblasts transfer lipids and proteins to cancer cells through cargo vesicles supporting tumor growth All authors Santi A, Caselli A, Ranaldi F, Paoli P, Mugnaioni C, Michelucci E, Cirri P Journal Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res Abstract Fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in connective tissue and, with fibrillar extracellular matri (show more...)Fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in connective tissue and, with fibrillar extracellular matrix, form the structural scaffolding of organs. In solid tumors, interaction with cancer cells induces fibroblasts transdifferentiation into an activated form, which become a fundamental part of the tumor stroma. Within tumor microenvironment stromal and cancer cells engage a crosstalk that is mediated by soluble factors, cellcell contacts and extracellular vesicles trafficlking. Here we report that fibroblasts have the ability to transfer a remarkable amount of proteins and lipids to neighboring cells, in an ectosome-dependent fashion, identifying a novel and native property of these cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts show an enhanced production and delivering of ectc:Jsomes to cancer cells compared to normal fibroblasts. As a consequence of this phenomenon, tumor cells increase their proliferation rate, indicating that ectosome-mediated trafficking could be a relevant mechanism mediating the trophic function of activated connective tissue on tumor cells. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles Vesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Protein markers EV: Tubulin/ CD81/ GAPDH non-EV: Alpha-enolase/ Vimentin/ Cell organelle protein Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 90 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD81/ Tubulin/ GAPDH Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein/ Alpha-enolase/ Vimentin ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins Tubulin/ GAPDH Characterization: Particle analysis DLS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV150012	2/2	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C	Santi A	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Cancer associated fibroblasts transfer lipids and proteins to cancer cells through cargo vesicles supporting tumor growth All authors Santi A, Caselli A, Ranaldi F, Paoli P, Mugnaioni C, Michelucci E, Cirri P Journal Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res Abstract Fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in connective tissue and, with fibrillar extracellular matri (show more...)Fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in connective tissue and, with fibrillar extracellular matrix, form the structural scaffolding of organs. In solid tumors, interaction with cancer cells induces fibroblasts transdifferentiation into an activated form, which become a fundamental part of the tumor stroma. Within tumor microenvironment stromal and cancer cells engage a crosstalk that is mediated by soluble factors, cellcell contacts and extracellular vesicles trafficlking. Here we report that fibroblasts have the ability to transfer a remarkable amount of proteins and lipids to neighboring cells, in an ectosome-dependent fashion, identifying a novel and native property of these cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts show an enhanced production and delivering of ectc:Jsomes to cancer cells compared to normal fibroblasts. As a consequence of this phenomenon, tumor cells increase their proliferation rate, indicating that ectosome-mediated trafficking could be a relevant mechanism mediating the trophic function of activated connective tissue on tumor cells. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles Vesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Protein markers EV: Alpha-enolase/ Tubulin/ GAPDH/ Vimentin/ Integrin-beta1/ MMP2 non-EV: CD81/ Cell organelle protein Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 40 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Integrin-beta1/ MMP2/ Tubulin/ GAPDH/ Vimentin/ Alpha-enolase Detected contaminants Cell organelle protein/ CD81 ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins Integrin-beta1/ MMP2/ Tubulin/ GAPDH/ Vimentin/ Alpha-enolase Characterization: Particle analysis DLS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Close-up

	EV150003	2/2	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C	Saari H	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Microvesicle- and exosome-mediated drug delivery enhances the cytotoxicity of Paclitaxel in autologous prostate cancer cells All authors Saari H, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Viitala T, Vuorimaa-Laukkanen E, Siljander P, Yliperttula M Journal J Control Release Abstract BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring membrane particles that mediate int (show more...)BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally occurring membrane particles that mediate intercellular communication by delivering molecular information between cells. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of two different populations of EVs (microvesicle- and exosome-enriched) as carriers of Paclitaxel to autologous prostate cancer cells. METHODS: EVs were isolated from LNCaP- and PC-3 prostate cancer cell cultures using differential centrifugation and characterized by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot. The uptake of microvesicles and exosomes by the autologous prostate cancer cells was assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The EVs were loaded with Paclitaxel and the effectiveness of EV-mediated drug delivery was assessed with viability assays. The distribution of EVs and EV-delivered Paclitaxel in cells was inspected by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: Our main finding was that the loading of Paclitaxel to autologous prostate cancer cell-derived EVs increased its cytotoxic effect. This capacity was independent of the EV population and the cell line tested. Although the EVs without the drug increased cancer cell viability, the net effect of enhanced cytotoxicity remained. Both EV populations delivered Paclitaxel to the recipient cells through endocytosis, leading to the release of the drug from within the cells. The removal of EV surface proteins did not affect exosomes, while the drug delivery mediated by microvesicles was partially inhibited. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer cell-derived EVs can be used as effective carriers of Paclitaxel to their parental cells, bringing the drug into the cells through an endocytic pathway and increasing its cytotoxicity. However, due to the increased cell viability, the use of cancer cell-derived EVs must be further investigated before any clinical applications can be designed. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes / microvesicles Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Adj. k-factor 52.47 (washing) Protein markers EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ GAPDH/ Alpha-tubulin/ CD9 non-EV: Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 60 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 1 Wash: Rotor Type TLA55 Wash: adjusted k-factor 52.47 Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD63/ CD81/ CD9/ TSG101/ Alpha-tubulin/ GAPDH ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins Alpha-tubulin/ GAPDH Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM/ cryo EM Image type Close-up

	EV150015	2/2	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Paggetti J	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Exosomes released by chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells induce the transition of stromal cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts All authors Paggetti J, Haderk F, Seiffert M, Janji B, Distler U, Ammerlaan W, Kim YJ, Adam J, Lichter P, Solary E, Berchem G, Moussay E Journal Blood Abstract Exosomes derived from solid tumor cells are involved in immune suppression, angiogenesis, and metast (show more...)Exosomes derived from solid tumor cells are involved in immune suppression, angiogenesis, and metastasis, but the role of leukemia-derived exosomes has been less investigated. The pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is stringently associated with a tumor-supportive microenvironment and a dysfunctional immune system. Here, we explore the role of CLL-derived exosomes in the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which malignant cells create this favorable surrounding. We show that CLL-derived exosomes are actively incorporated by endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells ex vivo and in vivo and that the transfer of exosomal protein and microRNA induces an inflammatory phenotype in the target cells, which resembles the phenotype of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). As a result, stromal cells show enhanced proliferation, migration, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, contributing to a tumor-supportive microenvironment. Exosome uptake by endothelial cells increased angiogenesis ex vivo and in vivo, and coinjection of CLL-derived exosomes and CLL cells promoted tumor growth in immunodeficient mice. Finally, we detected ?-smooth actin-positive stromal cells in lymph nodes of CLL patients. These findings demonstrate that CLL-derived exosomes actively promote disease progression by modulating several functions of surrounding stromal cells that acquire features of cancer-associated fibroblasts. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Filtration Protein markers EV: TSG101/ Rab5a/ CD63/ HSP90/ Alix/ AChE/ HSP72/ MHC2/ Ago2 non-EV: Proteomics yes EV density (g/ml) 1.15-1.17 Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 0.2 Highest density fraction 2.5 Orientation Top-down Speed (g) 110000 Filtration steps 0.45µm > x > 0.22µm, Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ CD63/ HSP90/ TSG101/ MHC2/ Rab5a/ HSP72/ Ago2/ AChE ELISA Detected EV-associated proteins MHC2/ Rab5a/ HSP72/ Ago2/ AChE Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Close-up

	EV150006	1/2	Homo sapiens Mus musculus	NAY	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Melo SA	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Glypican-1 identifies cancer exosomes and detects early pancreatic cancer All authors Melo SA, Luecke LB, Kahlert C, Fernandez AF, Gammon ST, Kaye J, LeBleu VS, Mittendorf EA, Weitz J, Rahbari N, Reissfelder C, Pilarsky C, Fraga MF, Piwnica-Worms D, Kalluri R Journal Nature Abstract Exosomes are lipid-bilayer-enclosed extracellular vesicles that contain proteins and nucleic acids. (show more...)Exosomes are lipid-bilayer-enclosed extracellular vesicles that contain proteins and nucleic acids. They are secreted by all cells and circulate in the blood. Specific detection and isolation of cancer-cell-derived exosomes in the circulation is currently lacking. Using mass spectrometry analyses, we identify a cell surface proteoglycan, glypican-1 (GPC1), specifically enriched on cancer-cell-derived exosomes. GPC1(+) circulating exosomes (crExos) were monitored and isolated using flow cytometry from the serum of patients and mice with cancer. GPC1(+) crExos were detected in the serum of patients with pancreatic cancer with absolute specificity and sensitivity, distinguishing healthy subjects and patients with a benign pancreatic disease from patients with early- and late-stage pancreatic cancer. Levels of GPC1(+) crExos correlate with tumour burden and the survival of pre- and post-surgical patients. GPC1(+) crExos from patients and from mice with spontaneous pancreatic tumours carry specific KRAS mutations, and reliably detect pancreatic intraepithelial lesions in mice despite negative signals by magnetic resonance imaging. GPC1(+) crExos may serve as a potential non-invasive diagnostic and screening tool to detect early stages of pancreatic cancer to facilitate possible curative surgical therapy. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Filtration Protein markers EV: CD81/ Flotilin1 non-EV: Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Biomarker Sample Species Homo sapiens / Mus musculus Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium EV Depleted Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 120 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 35 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 0.25 Highest density fraction 2 Orientation Bottom-up Speed (g) 150000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins CD81/ Flotilin1 Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM/ immune EM EM protein CD9 Image type Close-up

	EV150006	2/2	Homo sapiens	Serum	(d)(U)C DG Filtration	Melo SA	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Glypican-1 identifies cancer exosomes and detects early pancreatic cancer All authors Melo SA, Luecke LB, Kahlert C, Fernandez AF, Gammon ST, Kaye J, LeBleu VS, Mittendorf EA, Weitz J, Rahbari N, Reissfelder C, Pilarsky C, Fraga MF, Piwnica-Worms D, Kalluri R Journal Nature Abstract Exosomes are lipid-bilayer-enclosed extracellular vesicles that contain proteins and nucleic acids. (show more...)Exosomes are lipid-bilayer-enclosed extracellular vesicles that contain proteins and nucleic acids. They are secreted by all cells and circulate in the blood. Specific detection and isolation of cancer-cell-derived exosomes in the circulation is currently lacking. Using mass spectrometry analyses, we identify a cell surface proteoglycan, glypican-1 (GPC1), specifically enriched on cancer-cell-derived exosomes. GPC1(+) circulating exosomes (crExos) were monitored and isolated using flow cytometry from the serum of patients and mice with cancer. GPC1(+) crExos were detected in the serum of patients with pancreatic cancer with absolute specificity and sensitivity, distinguishing healthy subjects and patients with a benign pancreatic disease from patients with early- and late-stage pancreatic cancer. Levels of GPC1(+) crExos correlate with tumour burden and the survival of pre- and post-surgical patients. GPC1(+) crExos from patients and from mice with spontaneous pancreatic tumours carry specific KRAS mutations, and reliably detect pancreatic intraepithelial lesions in mice despite negative signals by magnetic resonance imaging. GPC1(+) crExos may serve as a potential non-invasive diagnostic and screening tool to detect early stages of pancreatic cancer to facilitate possible curative surgical therapy. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (86th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Serum Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C DG Filtration Protein markers EV: Flotilin1 non-EV: Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Biomarker Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Serum Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Equal to or above 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 960 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 11 Density gradient Only used for validation of main results Yes Lowest density fraction 0.25 Highest density fraction 2 Orientation Bottom-up Speed (g) 150000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Flotilin1 Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM/ immune EM EM protein CD9 Image type Close-up

	EV150007	3/10	Homo sapiens	NAY	(d)(U)C Filtration	Lobb RJ	2015	44%
Study summary Full title Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma All authors Lobb RJ, Becker M, Wen SW, Wong CS, Wiegmans AP, Leimgruber A, Möller A Journal J Extracell Vesicles Abstract Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of (show more...)Extracellular vesicles represent a rich source of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. However, there is currently limited information elucidating the most efficient methods for obtaining high yields of pure exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles, from cell culture supernatant and complex biological fluids such as plasma. To this end, we comprehensively characterize a variety of exosome isolation protocols for their efficiency, yield and purity of isolated exosomes. Repeated ultracentrifugation steps can reduce the quality of exosome preparations leading to lower exosome yield. We show that concentration of cell culture conditioned media using ultrafiltration devices results in increased vesicle isolation when compared to traditional ultracentrifugation protocols. However, our data on using conditioned media isolated from the Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) SK-MES-1 cell line demonstrates that the choice of concentrating device can greatly impact the yield of isolated exosomes. We find that centrifuge-based concentrating methods are more appropriate than pressure-driven concentrating devices and allow the rapid isolation of exosomes from both NSCLC cell culture conditioned media and complex biological fluids. In fact to date, no protocol detailing exosome isolation utilizing current commercial methods from both cells and patient samples has been described. Utilizing tunable resistive pulse sensing and protein analysis, we provide a comparative analysis of 4 exosome isolation techniques, indicating their efficacy and preparation purity. Our results demonstrate that current precipitation protocols for the isolation of exosomes from cell culture conditioned media and plasma provide the least pure preparations of exosomes, whereas size exclusion isolation is comparable to density gradient purification of exosomes. We have identified current shortcomings in common extracellular vesicle isolation methods and provide a potential standardized method that is effective, reproducible and can be utilized for various starting materials. We believe this method will have extensive application in the growing field of extracellular vesicle research. (hide) EV-METRIC 44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Filtration Adj. k-factor 157.1 (pelleting) / 157.1 (washing) Protein markers EV: TSG101/ HSP70/ Flotilin1 non-EV: Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Technical Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Below or equal to 800 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 90 Pelleting: rotor type 50.2Ti Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 157.1 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 1 Wash: Rotor Type 50.2Ti Wash: adjusted k-factor 157.1 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Detected EV-associated proteins Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101 Characterization: Particle analysis TRPS EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

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