Search > Results

You searched for: 2019 (Year of publication)

Showing 1 - 50 of 963

Experiment number
  • If needed, multiple experiments were identified in a single publication based on differing sample types, separation protocols and/or vesicle types of interest.
Species
  • Species of origin of the EVs.
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol.
    • (d)(U)C = (differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in EV subtype
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in EV subtype
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in EV subtype
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in EV subtype
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample condition, Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample condition, Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type, Sample origin
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type, Sample origin
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type, Sample origin
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type, Sample origin
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type, Vesicle type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type, Vesicle type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type, Sample origin
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type, Sample origin
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Species, Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample condition, Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample condition, Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample condition, Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample condition, Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample condition, Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample condition, Separation protocol
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Separation protocol
Details EV-TRACK ID Experiment nr. Species Sample type Separation protocol First author Year EV-METRIC
EV190108 3/6 Homo sapiens Tumour tissue DG
(d)(U)C
Crescitelli R 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Crescitelli R, Lässer C, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, Malmhäll C, Karimi N, Höög JL, Johansson I, Fuchs J, Thorsell A, Gho YS, Olofsson Bagge R, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lin (show more...)The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lines with little knowledge on how well these represent the characteristics of EVs in vivo. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and categorize subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissue. First we established an isolation protocol for subpopulations of EVs from metastatic melanoma tissue, which included enzymatic treatment (collagenase D and DNase). Small and large EVs were isolated with differential ultracentrifugation, and these were further separated into high and low-density (HD and LD) fractions. All EV subpopulations were then analysed in depth using electron microscopy, Bioanalyzer®, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Subpopulations of EVs with distinct size, morphology, and RNA and protein cargo could be isolated from the metastatic melanoma tissue. LD EVs showed an RNA profile with the presence of 18S and 28S ribosomal subunits. In contrast, HD EVs had RNA profiles with small or no peaks for ribosomal RNA subunits. Quantitative proteomics showed that several proteins such as flotillin-1 were enriched in both large and small LD EVs, while ADAM10 were exclusively enriched in small LD EVs. In contrast, mitofilin was enriched only in the large EVs. We conclude that enzymatic treatments improve EV isolation from dense fibrotic tissue without any apparent effect on molecular or morphological characteristics. By providing a detailed categorization of several subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissues, we might better understand the function of EVs in tumour biology and their possible use in biomarker discovery. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (66th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Tumour tissue
Sample origin
Metastatic melanoma
Focus vesicles
Other / Large low density extracellular vesicles (Large LD EVs)
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: Mitofilin/ CD63/ CD81/ ADAM10/ Flotillin1/ CD9
non-EV: CD41a
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.111-1.121
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Tumour tissue
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
20
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
16500
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
9
Lowest density fraction
20%
Highest density fraction
45-57,3%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
0.18-1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Speed (g)
186000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1-1.3
Fraction processing
None
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Mitofilin/ ADAM10/ CD81
Proteomics database
Yes:
Other 1
ExoView
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ CD9/ CD63
Not detected contaminants
CD41a
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Not Reported
EV concentration
Yes
Particle yield
as number/g tumour tissue;Yes, other: 2.17E+11
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
124
EV190108 4/6 Homo sapiens Tumour tissue DG
(d)(U)C
Crescitelli R 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Crescitelli R, Lässer C, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, Malmhäll C, Karimi N, Höög JL, Johansson I, Fuchs J, Thorsell A, Gho YS, Olofsson Bagge R, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lin (show more...)The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lines with little knowledge on how well these represent the characteristics of EVs in vivo. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and categorize subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissue. First we established an isolation protocol for subpopulations of EVs from metastatic melanoma tissue, which included enzymatic treatment (collagenase D and DNase). Small and large EVs were isolated with differential ultracentrifugation, and these were further separated into high and low-density (HD and LD) fractions. All EV subpopulations were then analysed in depth using electron microscopy, Bioanalyzer®, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Subpopulations of EVs with distinct size, morphology, and RNA and protein cargo could be isolated from the metastatic melanoma tissue. LD EVs showed an RNA profile with the presence of 18S and 28S ribosomal subunits. In contrast, HD EVs had RNA profiles with small or no peaks for ribosomal RNA subunits. Quantitative proteomics showed that several proteins such as flotillin-1 were enriched in both large and small LD EVs, while ADAM10 were exclusively enriched in small LD EVs. In contrast, mitofilin was enriched only in the large EVs. We conclude that enzymatic treatments improve EV isolation from dense fibrotic tissue without any apparent effect on molecular or morphological characteristics. By providing a detailed categorization of several subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissues, we might better understand the function of EVs in tumour biology and their possible use in biomarker discovery. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (66th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Tumour tissue
Sample origin
Metastatic melanoma
Focus vesicles
Other / Large high density extracellular vesicles (Large HD EVs)
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: Mitofilin/ CD63/ CD81/ non/ ADAM10/ Flotillin1/ CD9
non-EV: CD41a
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.163-1.189
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Tumour tissue
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
20
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
16500
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
9
Lowest density fraction
20
Highest density fraction
45-57.3
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
0,18-1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Speed (g)
186000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
0.5-1.2
Fraction processing
None
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
non
Not detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ Flotillin1/ Mitofilin/ ADAM10
Proteomics database
Yes:
Other 1
ExoView
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ CD9/ CD63
Not detected contaminants
CD41a
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Not Reported
EV concentration
Yes
Particle yield
as number/g tumour tissue;Yes, other: 3.21E+09
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
39
EV190108 5/6 Homo sapiens Tumour tissue DG
(d)(U)C
Crescitelli R 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Crescitelli R, Lässer C, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, Malmhäll C, Karimi N, Höög JL, Johansson I, Fuchs J, Thorsell A, Gho YS, Olofsson Bagge R, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lin (show more...)The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lines with little knowledge on how well these represent the characteristics of EVs in vivo. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and categorize subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissue. First we established an isolation protocol for subpopulations of EVs from metastatic melanoma tissue, which included enzymatic treatment (collagenase D and DNase). Small and large EVs were isolated with differential ultracentrifugation, and these were further separated into high and low-density (HD and LD) fractions. All EV subpopulations were then analysed in depth using electron microscopy, Bioanalyzer®, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Subpopulations of EVs with distinct size, morphology, and RNA and protein cargo could be isolated from the metastatic melanoma tissue. LD EVs showed an RNA profile with the presence of 18S and 28S ribosomal subunits. In contrast, HD EVs had RNA profiles with small or no peaks for ribosomal RNA subunits. Quantitative proteomics showed that several proteins such as flotillin-1 were enriched in both large and small LD EVs, while ADAM10 were exclusively enriched in small LD EVs. In contrast, mitofilin was enriched only in the large EVs. We conclude that enzymatic treatments improve EV isolation from dense fibrotic tissue without any apparent effect on molecular or morphological characteristics. By providing a detailed categorization of several subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissues, we might better understand the function of EVs in tumour biology and their possible use in biomarker discovery. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (66th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Tumour tissue
Sample origin
Metastatic melanoma
Focus vesicles
Other / Small low density extracellular vesicles (Small LD EVs)
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: Mitofilin/ CD63/ CD81/ ADAM10/ Flotillin1/ CD9
non-EV: CD41a
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.111-1.121
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Tumour tissue
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
150
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
11800
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
9
Lowest density fraction
20
Highest density fraction
45-57.3
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
0.18-1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Speed (g)
186000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
0.8-1.2
Fraction processing
None
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ ADAM10/ CD81
Not detected EV-associated proteins
Mitofilin
Proteomics database
Yes:
Other 1
ExoView
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ CD9/ CD63
Not detected contaminants
CD41a
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Not Reported
EV concentration
Yes
Particle yield
as number/g tumour tissue;Yes, other: 1.11E+11
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
67
EV190108 6/6 Homo sapiens Tumour tissue DG
(d)(U)C
Crescitelli R 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Crescitelli R, Lässer C, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, Malmhäll C, Karimi N, Höög JL, Johansson I, Fuchs J, Thorsell A, Gho YS, Olofsson Bagge R, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lin (show more...)The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lines with little knowledge on how well these represent the characteristics of EVs in vivo. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and categorize subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissue. First we established an isolation protocol for subpopulations of EVs from metastatic melanoma tissue, which included enzymatic treatment (collagenase D and DNase). Small and large EVs were isolated with differential ultracentrifugation, and these were further separated into high and low-density (HD and LD) fractions. All EV subpopulations were then analysed in depth using electron microscopy, Bioanalyzer®, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Subpopulations of EVs with distinct size, morphology, and RNA and protein cargo could be isolated from the metastatic melanoma tissue. LD EVs showed an RNA profile with the presence of 18S and 28S ribosomal subunits. In contrast, HD EVs had RNA profiles with small or no peaks for ribosomal RNA subunits. Quantitative proteomics showed that several proteins such as flotillin-1 were enriched in both large and small LD EVs, while ADAM10 were exclusively enriched in small LD EVs. In contrast, mitofilin was enriched only in the large EVs. We conclude that enzymatic treatments improve EV isolation from dense fibrotic tissue without any apparent effect on molecular or morphological characteristics. By providing a detailed categorization of several subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissues, we might better understand the function of EVs in tumour biology and their possible use in biomarker discovery. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (66th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Tumour tissue
Sample origin
Metastatic melanoma
Focus vesicles
Other / Small high density extracellular vesicles (Small HD EVs)
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: Mitofilin/ CD63/ CD81/ non/ ADAM10/ Flotillin1/ CD9
non-EV: CD41a
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.163-1.189
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Tumour tissue
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
150
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118000
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
9
Lowest density fraction
20
Highest density fraction
45-57.3
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
0.18-1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Speed (g)
186000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
0.5-1.2
Fraction processing
None
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
non
Not detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ Flotillin1/ ADAM10/ Mitofilin
Proteomics database
Yes:
Other 1
ExoView
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ CD9/ CD63
Not detected contaminants
CD41a
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Not Reported
EV concentration
Yes
Particle yield
as number/g tumour tissue;Yes, other: 4.77E+09
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
30
EV190045 1/4 Homo sapiens HMC-1 DG
(d)(U)C
Lázaro-Ibáñez E 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Lässer C, Shelke GV, Crescitelli R, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, García-Rodríguez A, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have the capacity to transfer lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cel (show more...)Extracellular vesicles have the capacity to transfer lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cells, thereby influencing the recipient cell's phenotype. While the role of RNAs in EVs has been extensively studied, the function of DNA remains elusive. Here, we distinguished novel heterogeneous subpopulations of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) based on their DNA content and topology. Low- and high-density sEV subsets from a human mast cell line (HMC-1) and an erythroleukemic cell line (TF-1) were separated using high-resolution iodixanol density gradients to discriminate the nature of the DNA cargo of the sEVs. Paired comparisons of the sEV-associated DNA and RNA molecules showed that RNA was more abundant than DNA and that most of the DNA was present in the high-density fractions, demonstrating that sEV subpopulations have different DNA content. DNA was predominately localised on the outside or surface of sEVs, with only a small portion being protected from enzymatic degradation. Whole-genome sequencing identified DNA fragments spanning all chromosomes and mitochondrial DNA when sEVs were analysed in bulk. Our work contributes to the understanding of how DNA is associated with sEVs and thus provides direction for distinguishing subtypes of EVs based on their DNA cargo and topology. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ BrdU/ beta-actin/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.111-1.133
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
HMC-1
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell viability (%)
99
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
150
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118500
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
9
Lowest density fraction
20%
Highest density fraction
45%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Speed (g)
180000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
94
Pelleting: duration (min)
210
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118500
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ CD9/ CD63/ TSG101/ Alix/ CD81
Not detected EV-associated proteins
beta-actin
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
ELISA
Detected EV-associated proteins
BrdU/ CD9
Flow cytometry specific beads
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63
Proteomics database
Yes:
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
50-300
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190045 2/4 Homo sapiens HMC-1 DG
(d)(U)C
Lázaro-Ibáñez E 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Lässer C, Shelke GV, Crescitelli R, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, García-Rodríguez A, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have the capacity to transfer lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cel (show more...)Extracellular vesicles have the capacity to transfer lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cells, thereby influencing the recipient cell's phenotype. While the role of RNAs in EVs has been extensively studied, the function of DNA remains elusive. Here, we distinguished novel heterogeneous subpopulations of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) based on their DNA content and topology. Low- and high-density sEV subsets from a human mast cell line (HMC-1) and an erythroleukemic cell line (TF-1) were separated using high-resolution iodixanol density gradients to discriminate the nature of the DNA cargo of the sEVs. Paired comparisons of the sEV-associated DNA and RNA molecules showed that RNA was more abundant than DNA and that most of the DNA was present in the high-density fractions, demonstrating that sEV subpopulations have different DNA content. DNA was predominately localised on the outside or surface of sEVs, with only a small portion being protected from enzymatic degradation. Whole-genome sequencing identified DNA fragments spanning all chromosomes and mitochondrial DNA when sEVs were analysed in bulk. Our work contributes to the understanding of how DNA is associated with sEVs and thus provides direction for distinguishing subtypes of EVs based on their DNA cargo and topology. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ Histone H3/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ Histone H2A/ beta-actin/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.144-1.176
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
HMC-1
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell viability (%)
99
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
150
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118500
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
9
Lowest density fraction
20%
Highest density fraction
45%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Speed (g)
180000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
4
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
94
Pelleting: duration (min)
210
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118500
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ CD9/ CD63/ beta-actin/ TSG101/ CD81/ Histone H2A/ Histone H3
Detected contaminants
Calnexin
ELISA
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9
Flow cytometry specific beads
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63
Proteomics database
Yes:
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
100-300
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190045 3/4 Homo sapiens TF-1 DG
(d)(U)C
Lázaro-Ibáñez E 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Lässer C, Shelke GV, Crescitelli R, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, García-Rodríguez A, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have the capacity to transfer lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cel (show more...)Extracellular vesicles have the capacity to transfer lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cells, thereby influencing the recipient cell's phenotype. While the role of RNAs in EVs has been extensively studied, the function of DNA remains elusive. Here, we distinguished novel heterogeneous subpopulations of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) based on their DNA content and topology. Low- and high-density sEV subsets from a human mast cell line (HMC-1) and an erythroleukemic cell line (TF-1) were separated using high-resolution iodixanol density gradients to discriminate the nature of the DNA cargo of the sEVs. Paired comparisons of the sEV-associated DNA and RNA molecules showed that RNA was more abundant than DNA and that most of the DNA was present in the high-density fractions, demonstrating that sEV subpopulations have different DNA content. DNA was predominately localised on the outside or surface of sEVs, with only a small portion being protected from enzymatic degradation. Whole-genome sequencing identified DNA fragments spanning all chromosomes and mitochondrial DNA when sEVs were analysed in bulk. Our work contributes to the understanding of how DNA is associated with sEVs and thus provides direction for distinguishing subtypes of EVs based on their DNA cargo and topology. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.103-1.137
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
TF-1
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell viability (%)
99
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
150
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118500
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
9
Lowest density fraction
20%
Highest density fraction
45%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Speed (g)
180000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
94
Pelleting: duration (min)
210
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118500
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ CD63/ TSG101/ CD81
Not detected EV-associated proteins
CD9
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Flow cytometry specific beads
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
50-300
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190045 4/4 Homo sapiens TF-1 DG
(d)(U)C
Lázaro-Ibáñez E 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Lässer C, Shelke GV, Crescitelli R, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, García-Rodríguez A, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have the capacity to transfer lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cel (show more...)Extracellular vesicles have the capacity to transfer lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids between cells, thereby influencing the recipient cell's phenotype. While the role of RNAs in EVs has been extensively studied, the function of DNA remains elusive. Here, we distinguished novel heterogeneous subpopulations of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) based on their DNA content and topology. Low- and high-density sEV subsets from a human mast cell line (HMC-1) and an erythroleukemic cell line (TF-1) were separated using high-resolution iodixanol density gradients to discriminate the nature of the DNA cargo of the sEVs. Paired comparisons of the sEV-associated DNA and RNA molecules showed that RNA was more abundant than DNA and that most of the DNA was present in the high-density fractions, demonstrating that sEV subpopulations have different DNA content. DNA was predominately localised on the outside or surface of sEVs, with only a small portion being protected from enzymatic degradation. Whole-genome sequencing identified DNA fragments spanning all chromosomes and mitochondrial DNA when sEVs were analysed in bulk. Our work contributes to the understanding of how DNA is associated with sEVs and thus provides direction for distinguishing subtypes of EVs based on their DNA cargo and topology. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ Histone H3/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ Histone H3/ Histone H2A/ beta-actin/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.148-1.192
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
TF-1
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell viability (%)
99
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
150
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118500
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
9
Lowest density fraction
20%
Highest density fraction
45%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Speed (g)
180000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
94
Pelleting: duration (min)
210
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
1185000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ beta-actin/ CD9/ CD63/ TSG101/ CD81/ Histone H2A/ Histone H3
Not detected EV-associated proteins
Alix
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Flow cytometry specific beads
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
100-300
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190018 3/8 Homo sapiens MKN45 DG
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Freitas D 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Freitas D, Balmaña M, Poças J, Campos D, Osório H, Konstantinidi A, Vakhrushev SY, Magalhães A, Reis CA.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in inter (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9/ Syntenin-1
non-EV: Albumin
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.05-1.10
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MKN45
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5%
Highest density fraction
40%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.8
Sample volume (mL)
5.5
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Ultrafiltration
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;silver staining
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD9/ CD63/ HSP70/ Syntenin-1
Not detected EV-associated proteins
CD81
Detected contaminants
Albumin
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
131.65
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190018 7/8 Homo sapiens MKN45 DG
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Freitas D 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Freitas D, Balmaña M, Poças J, Campos D, Osório H, Konstantinidi A, Vakhrushev SY, Magalhães A, Reis CA.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in inter (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
COSMC KO
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9/ Syntenin-1
non-EV: Albumin
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.05-1.10
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MKN45
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5%
Highest density fraction
40%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.8
Sample volume (mL)
5.5
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Ultrafiltration
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;silver staining
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ Syntenin-1/ CD9/ CD63/ HSP70/ CD81
Detected contaminants
Albumin
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
121.05
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190011 4/5 Mus musculus Tissue DG
(d)(U)C
Cianciaruso C 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Cianciaruso C, Beltraminelli T, Duval F, Nassiri S, Hamelin R, Mozes A, Gallart-Ayala H, Ceada Torres G, Torchia B, Ries CH, Ivanisevic J, De Palma M
Journal
Cell Rep
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, modulate multiple aspects of cancer biology. Tumor (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, modulate multiple aspects of cancer biology. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) secrete EVs, but their molecular features and functions are poorly characterized. Here, we report methodology for the enrichment, quantification, and proteomic and lipidomic analysis of EVs released from mouse TAMs (TAM-EVs). Compared to source TAMs, TAM-EVs present molecular profiles associated with a Th1/M1 polarization signature, enhanced inflammation and immune response, and a more favorable patient prognosis. Accordingly, enriched TAM-EV preparations promote T cell proliferation and activation ex vivo. TAM-EVs also contain bioactive lipids and biosynthetic enzymes, which may alter pro-inflammatory signaling in the cancer cells. Thus, whereas TAMs are largely immunosuppressive, their EVs may have the potential to stimulate, rather than limit, anti-tumor immunity. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (92nd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Tissue
Sample origin
MC38 tumor
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: / TSG101/ CD63/ TBXAS1/ MRC1/ CD81/ COX1/ GAPDH/ CD68/ Alix/ actin-beta/ HER2/ CD9/ CD11b
non-EV: Calnexin/ Gp96
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.14
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Tissue
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
110000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
35
Wash: time (min)
70
Wash: Rotor Type
SW 32 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
134,000
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Type
Continuous
Lowest density fraction
17%
Highest density fraction
78%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
0.1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 40 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
2
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
35
Pelleting: duration (min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
134000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD9/ CD63/ TSG101/ CD81/ GAPDH/ MRC1/ CD68/ actin-beta/ HER2/ TBXAS1/ COX1
Detected contaminants
Calnexin/ Gp96
Flow cytometry specific beads
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD11b/ CD9
Flow cytometry
Type of Flow cytometry
Attune NxT apparatus
Hardware adaptation to ~100nm EV's
Acquisition settings were optimized for detection of EV populations carrying green, red or near-infrared fluorescence, or combination of those. The conventional blue side scatter (SSC, 488 nm) was rep
Detected EV-associated proteins
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
Yes
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
190
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190011 5/5 Mus musculus Tissue DG
(d)(U)C
Cianciaruso C 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Cianciaruso C, Beltraminelli T, Duval F, Nassiri S, Hamelin R, Mozes A, Gallart-Ayala H, Ceada Torres G, Torchia B, Ries CH, Ivanisevic J, De Palma M
Journal
Cell Rep
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, modulate multiple aspects of cancer biology. Tumor (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, modulate multiple aspects of cancer biology. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) secrete EVs, but their molecular features and functions are poorly characterized. Here, we report methodology for the enrichment, quantification, and proteomic and lipidomic analysis of EVs released from mouse TAMs (TAM-EVs). Compared to source TAMs, TAM-EVs present molecular profiles associated with a Th1/M1 polarization signature, enhanced inflammation and immune response, and a more favorable patient prognosis. Accordingly, enriched TAM-EV preparations promote T cell proliferation and activation ex vivo. TAM-EVs also contain bioactive lipids and biosynthetic enzymes, which may alter pro-inflammatory signaling in the cancer cells. Thus, whereas TAMs are largely immunosuppressive, their EVs may have the potential to stimulate, rather than limit, anti-tumor immunity. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (92nd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Tissue
Sample origin
E0771 tumor
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: MRC1/ COX1/ CD9/ TBXAS1
non-EV: Gp96
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.14
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Tissue
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
110000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
35
Wash: time (min)
70
Wash: Rotor Type
SW 32 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
134,000
Density gradient
Type
Continuous
Lowest density fraction
17%
Highest density fraction
77%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
12
Sample volume (mL)
0.1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 40 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
2
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
35
Pelleting: duration (min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
134000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ MRC1/ COX1/ TBXAS1
Detected contaminants
Gp96
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
180
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190007 1/5 Homo sapiens Urine DG
(d)(U)C
UF
Mussack V 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Mussack V, Wittmann G, Pfaffl MW.
Journal
Biomol Detect Quanti
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 50-200 nm sized mediators in intercellular communication th (show more...)Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 50-200 nm sized mediators in intercellular communication that reflect both physiological and pathophysiological changes of their parental cells. Thus, EVs hold great potential for biomarker detection. However, reliable purification methods for the downstream screening of the microRNA (miRNA) cargo carried within urinary EVs by small RNA sequencing have yet to be established. To address this knowledge gap, RNA extracted from human urinary EVs obtained by five different urinary EV purification methods (spin column chromatography, immunoaffinity, membrane affinity, precipitation and ultracentrifugation combined with density gradient) was analyzed by small RNA sequencing. Urinary EVs were further characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Comprehensive EV characterization established significant method-dependent differences in size and concentration as well as variances in protein composition of isolated vesicles. Even though all purification methods captured enough total RNA to allow small RNA sequencing, method-dependent differences were also observed with respect to library sizes, mapping distributions, number of miRNA reads and diversity of transcripts. Whereas EVs obtained by immunoaffinity yielded the purest subset of small EVs, highly comparable with results attained by ultracentrifugation combined with density gradient, precipitation and membrane affinity, sample purification by spin column chromatography indicated a tendency to isolate different subtypes of small EVs, which might also carry a distinct subset of miRNAs. Based on our results, different EV purification methods seem to preferentially isolate different subtypes of EVs with varying efficiencies. As a consequence, sequencing experiments and resulting miRNA profiles were also affected. Hence, the selection of a specific EV isolation method has to satisfy the respective research question and should be well considered. In strict adherence with the MISEV (minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles) guidelines, the importance of a combined evaluation of biophysical and proteomic EV characteristics alongside transcriptomic results was clearly demonstrated in this present study. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ Syntenin/ EPCAM/ HSP70/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin/ Tamm-Horsfall protein
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.18-1.24
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 60 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5%
Highest density fraction
40%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
9.75
Sample volume (mL)
0.75
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 40 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
0.9
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
4
Pelleting: duration (min)
60
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 60 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Not determined
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ Syntenin/ TSG101/ Alix
Not detected EV-associated proteins
HSP70/ CD81/ EPCAM/ CD63
Detected contaminants
Tamm-Horsfall protein
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RNA sequencing
Database
Yes
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
150
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV180011 1/1 Homo sapiens HEK293 DG
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Kathrin Gärtner 2019 100%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Kathrin Gärtner, Manja Luckner, Gerhard Wanner, Reinhard Zeidler
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of cell–cell communication. Intriguingly, EVs (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of cell–cell communication. Intriguingly, EVs can be engineered and thus exploited for the targeted transfer of functional proteins of interest. Thus, engineered EVs may constitute attractive tools for the development of novel therapeutic interventions, like cancer immunotherapies, vaccinations or targeted drug delivery. Here, we describe a novel experimental immunotherapeutic approach for the adjuvant treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) based on engineered EVs carrying gp350, the major glycoprotein of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), CD40L, a central immune accessory molecule and pp65, an immunodominant antigen of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV). We show that these engineered EVs specifically interact with malignant B cells from CLL patients and render these cells immunogenic to allogeneic and autologous EBV- and CMV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Collectively, co-opting engineered EVs to re-target the strong herpesviral immunity in CLL patients to malignant cells constitutes an attractive strategy for the adjuvant treatment of a still incurable disease. (hide)
EV-METRIC
100% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Overexpressing gp350, CD40L and/or pp65
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
253.9 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ TSG101/ CD63
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function, Mechanism of uptake/transfer
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
HEK293
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted serum
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Cell viability (%)
NA
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 28
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
253.9
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
2
Lowest density fraction
0.3
Highest density fraction
0.44
Sample volume (mL)
0.5
Orientation
Bottom-up (sample migrates upwards)
Rotor type
SW 60 Ti
Speed (g)
160000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
0.5
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
30
Pelleting: duration (min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 28
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
253.9
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Bradford
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix, CD63, TSG101
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Characterization: RNA analysis
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
Yes
Moment of RNAse treatment
After
RNAse type
RNase A
RNAse concentration
0.01
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
50-300
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM/ Immune-EM
EM protein
CD63
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 1/12 Homo sapiens HEK293T DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
gag-EGFP
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ p24/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
HEK293T
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Cell viability (%)
96
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
16
Pelleting: duration (min)
180
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ syntenin-1/ TSG101/ Alix/ CD81
ELISA
Detected EV-associated proteins
p24
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
(RT)(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Modus
Reported size (nm)
108.6
EV concentration
Yes
Particle analysis: flow cytometry
Flow cytometer type
High resolution flow cytometry
Hardware adjustment
200 mW 488 nm laser (Sapphire; Coherent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and a large-bore nozzle (140 m) were used, sheath pressure was permanently monitored and kept within 4.89 to 5.02 psi, and the sample pressure was set at 4.29 psi, to assure an identical diameter of the core in the jet stream. Forward scattered light was measured with a collection angle of 1525 (reduced wide-angle forward scatter [rw-FSC]).
Calibration bead size
0.102
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Immuno-EM/ Transmission-EM
EM protein
CD63
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 2/12 Homo sapiens HEK293T DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
gag-EGFP
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ p24/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
HEK293T
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Cell viability (%)
96
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
16
Pelleting: duration (min)
180
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ syntenin-1/ TSG101/ Alix/ CD81
ELISA
Detected EV-associated proteins
p24
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
(RT)(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Modus
Reported size (nm)
108.6
EV concentration
Yes
Particle analysis: flow cytometry
Flow cytometer type
High resolution flow cytometry
Hardware adjustment
200 mW 488 nm laser (Sapphire; Coherent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and a large-bore nozzle (140 m) were used, sheath pressure was permanently monitored and kept within 4.89 to 5.02 psi, and the sample pressure was set at 4.29 psi, to assure an identical diameter of the core in the jet stream. Forward scattered light was measured with a collection angle of 1525 (reduced wide-angle forward scatter [rw-FSC]).
Calibration bead size
0.102
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Immuno-EM/ Transmission-EM
EM protein
CD63
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 5/12 Homo sapiens HEK293T DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
mock
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
HEK293T
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Cell viability (%)
96
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Size-exclusion chromatography
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Not determined
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ syntenin-1/ CD9/ TSG101/ CD81
Proteomics database
Yes:
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
(RT)(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Not Reported
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 6/12 Homo sapiens HEK293T DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
mock
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
HEK293T
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Cell viability (%)
96
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Size-exclusion chromatography
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Not determined
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ syntenin-1/ CD9/ TSG101/ CD81
Proteomics database
Yes:
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
(RT)(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Not Reported
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 9/12 Homo sapiens Blood plasma DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Blood plasma
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Blood plasma
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Sizeexclusion chromatography
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ syntenin-1/ TSG101/ CD9/ CD81
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Modus
Reported size (nm)
105
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 10/12 Homo sapiens Blood plasma DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Blood plasma
Sample origin
Breast cancer
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Blood plasma
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
16
Pelleting: duration (min)
180
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ syntenin-1/ TSG101/ CD9/ CD81
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Modus
Reported size (nm)
100
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 11/12 Homo sapiens Urine DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
0.8
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
16
Pelleting: duration (min)
180
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ CD9/ syntenin-1/ TSG101/ Alix/ CD81
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Modus
Reported size (nm)
105
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 12/12 Mus musculus 4T1 DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
4T1
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
16
Pelleting: duration (min)
180
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ CD9/ syntenin-1/ TSG101/ CD81
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Modus
Reported size (nm)
103
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190039 1/3 Homo sapiens MCF-7 DG
Filtration
UF
Everaert, Celine 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Celine Everaert, Hetty Helsmoortel, Anneleen Decock, Eva Hulstaert, Ruben Van Paemel, Kimberly Verniers, Justine Nuytens 1 2 , Jasper Anckaert 1 2 , Nele Nijs, Joeri Tulkens, Bert Dhondt, An Hendrix, Pieter Mestdagh, Jo Vandesompele
Journal
Scientific Reports
Abstract
RNA profiling has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the biomarker potential of human bioflui (show more...)RNA profiling has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the biomarker potential of human biofluids. However, despite enormous interest in extracellular nucleic acids, RNA sequencing methods to quantify the total RNA content outside cells are rare. Here, we evaluate the performance of the SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-Seq method in human platelet-rich plasma, platelet-free plasma, urine, conditioned medium, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) from these biofluids. We found the method to be accurate, precise, compatible with low-input volumes and able to quantify a few thousand genes. We picked up distinct classes of RNA molecules, including mRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, miscRNA and pseudogenes. Notably, the read distribution and gene content drastically differ among biofluids. In conclusion, we are the first to show that the SMARTer method can be used for unbiased unraveling of the complete transcriptome of a wide range of biofluids and their extracellular vesicles. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
GFP-Rab27b transfected
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
Filtration
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ Alix/ CD9
non-EV: Argonaute2
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.1
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MCF-7
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5%
Highest density fraction
40%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1091
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
15
Pelleting: duration (min)
180
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.45µm > x > 0.22µm, 0.22µm or 0.2µm
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ TSG101/ Alix
Not detected contaminants
Argonaute2
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RNA sequencing
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
100-200
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV190039 3/3 Homo sapiens Urine DG
(d)(U)C
UF
Everaert, Celine 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Celine Everaert, Hetty Helsmoortel, Anneleen Decock, Eva Hulstaert, Ruben Van Paemel, Kimberly Verniers, Justine Nuytens 1 2 , Jasper Anckaert 1 2 , Nele Nijs, Joeri Tulkens, Bert Dhondt, An Hendrix, Pieter Mestdagh, Jo Vandesompele
Journal
Scientific Reports
Abstract
RNA profiling has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the biomarker potential of human bioflui (show more...)RNA profiling has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the biomarker potential of human biofluids. However, despite enormous interest in extracellular nucleic acids, RNA sequencing methods to quantify the total RNA content outside cells are rare. Here, we evaluate the performance of the SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-Seq method in human platelet-rich plasma, platelet-free plasma, urine, conditioned medium, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) from these biofluids. We found the method to be accurate, precise, compatible with low-input volumes and able to quantify a few thousand genes. We picked up distinct classes of RNA molecules, including mRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, miscRNA and pseudogenes. Notably, the read distribution and gene content drastically differ among biofluids. In conclusion, we are the first to show that the SMARTer method can be used for unbiased unraveling of the complete transcriptome of a wide range of biofluids and their extracellular vesicles. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
prostate cancer
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
UF
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ TSG101/ CD9
non-EV: Tamm-Horsfall protein
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.1
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5%
Highest density fraction
40%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1091
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Size-exclusion chromatography
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD9/ TSG101
Detected contaminants
Tamm-Horsfall protein
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RNAsequencing
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
100-200
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV180002 2/2 Canis familiaris Mesenchymal stromal cells of placental origin DG
(d)(U)C
Thane KE 2019 88%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Thane KE, Davis AM, Hoffman AM.
Journal
Sci Rep
Abstract
Growing interest in extracellular vesicles (EV) has necessitated development of protocols to improve (show more...)Growing interest in extracellular vesicles (EV) has necessitated development of protocols to improve EV characterization as a precursor for myriad downstream investigations. Identifying expression of EV surface epitopes can aid in determining EV enrichment and allow for comparisons of sample phenotypes. This study was designed to test a rigorous method of indirect fluorescent immunolabeling of single EV with subsequent evaluation using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) to simultaneously determine EV concentration, particle size distribution, and surface immunophenotype. In this study, EV were isolated from canine and human cell cultures for immunolabeling and characterized using NTA, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blotting. Indirect fluorescent immunolabeling utilizing quantum dots (Qd) resulted in reproducible detection of individual fluorescently labeled EV using NTA. Methods were proposed to evaluate the success of immunolabeling based on paired particle detection in NTA light scatter and fluorescent modes. Bead-assisted depletion and size-exclusion chromatography improved specificity of Qd labeling. The described method for indirect immunolabeling of EV and single vesicle detection using NTA offers an improved method for estimating the fraction of EV that express a specific epitope, while approximating population size distribution and concentration. (hide)
EV-METRIC
88% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Adj. k-factor
122.2 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ CD9
non-EV: None
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development
Sample
Species
Canis familiaris
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
Mesenchymal stromal cells of placental origin
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 70.1Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
122.2
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
0.1
Highest density fraction
0.4
Orientation
Bottom-up (sample migrates upwards)
Rotor type
SW 55 Ti
Speed (g)
350000
Duration (min)
120
Fraction volume (mL)
0.625
Fraction processing
Ultrafiltration
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9, TSG101
Fluorescent NTA
Relevant measurements variables specified?
NA
Antibody details provided?
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
50-200
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Immune-EM/ Atomic force-EM
EM protein
CD9
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190108 1/6 Homo sapiens Tumour tissue (d)(U)C Crescitelli R 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Crescitelli R, Lässer C, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, Malmhäll C, Karimi N, Höög JL, Johansson I, Fuchs J, Thorsell A, Gho YS, Olofsson Bagge R, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lin (show more...)The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lines with little knowledge on how well these represent the characteristics of EVs in vivo. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and categorize subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissue. First we established an isolation protocol for subpopulations of EVs from metastatic melanoma tissue, which included enzymatic treatment (collagenase D and DNase). Small and large EVs were isolated with differential ultracentrifugation, and these were further separated into high and low-density (HD and LD) fractions. All EV subpopulations were then analysed in depth using electron microscopy, Bioanalyzer®, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Subpopulations of EVs with distinct size, morphology, and RNA and protein cargo could be isolated from the metastatic melanoma tissue. LD EVs showed an RNA profile with the presence of 18S and 28S ribosomal subunits. In contrast, HD EVs had RNA profiles with small or no peaks for ribosomal RNA subunits. Quantitative proteomics showed that several proteins such as flotillin-1 were enriched in both large and small LD EVs, while ADAM10 were exclusively enriched in small LD EVs. In contrast, mitofilin was enriched only in the large EVs. We conclude that enzymatic treatments improve EV isolation from dense fibrotic tissue without any apparent effect on molecular or morphological characteristics. By providing a detailed categorization of several subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissues, we might better understand the function of EVs in tumour biology and their possible use in biomarker discovery. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (16th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Tumour tissue
Sample origin
Metastatic melanoma
Focus vesicles
Other / Large extracellular vesicles (Large EVs)
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: Mitofilin/ CD63/ CD81/ ADAM10/ Flotillin1/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin/ CD41a
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Tumour tissue
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
20
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
16500
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;BCA;Qubit
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ CD9/ CD63/ Mitofilin/ ADAM10/ CD81
Detected contaminants
Calnexin
ELISA
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD81/ CD9
Proteomics database
Yes:
Other 1
ExoView
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ CD63/ CD81
Detected contaminants
CD41a
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
125.7
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
142
EV190108 2/6 Homo sapiens Tumour tissue (d)(U)C Crescitelli R 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Crescitelli R, Lässer C, Jang SC, Cvjetkovic A, Malmhäll C, Karimi N, Höög JL, Johansson I, Fuchs J, Thorsell A, Gho YS, Olofsson Bagge R, Lötvall J.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lin (show more...)The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lines with little knowledge on how well these represent the characteristics of EVs in vivo. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and categorize subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissue. First we established an isolation protocol for subpopulations of EVs from metastatic melanoma tissue, which included enzymatic treatment (collagenase D and DNase). Small and large EVs were isolated with differential ultracentrifugation, and these were further separated into high and low-density (HD and LD) fractions. All EV subpopulations were then analysed in depth using electron microscopy, Bioanalyzer®, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Subpopulations of EVs with distinct size, morphology, and RNA and protein cargo could be isolated from the metastatic melanoma tissue. LD EVs showed an RNA profile with the presence of 18S and 28S ribosomal subunits. In contrast, HD EVs had RNA profiles with small or no peaks for ribosomal RNA subunits. Quantitative proteomics showed that several proteins such as flotillin-1 were enriched in both large and small LD EVs, while ADAM10 were exclusively enriched in small LD EVs. In contrast, mitofilin was enriched only in the large EVs. We conclude that enzymatic treatments improve EV isolation from dense fibrotic tissue without any apparent effect on molecular or morphological characteristics. By providing a detailed categorization of several subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissues, we might better understand the function of EVs in tumour biology and their possible use in biomarker discovery. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (16th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Tumour tissue
Sample origin
Metastatic melanoma
Focus vesicles
Other / Small extracellular vesicles (Small EVs)
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: Mitofilin/ CD63/ CD81/ ADAM10/ Flotillin1/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin/ CD41a
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Tumour tissue
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
150
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
118000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;BCA;Qubit
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ CD9/ CD63/ ADAM10/ CD81
Not detected EV-associated proteins
Mitofilin
Detected contaminants
Calnexin
ELISA
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD81/ CD9
Proteomics database
Yes:
Other 1
ExoView
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ CD9/ CD63
Detected contaminants
CD41a
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
122
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
75
EV190104 1/2 Mus musculus 32D (d)(U)C Swatler J 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Swatler J, Dudka W, Bugajski L, Brewinska-Olchowik M, Kozlowska E, Piwocka K.
Journal
Eur J Immunol
Abstract
Mechanisms driving immunosuppression in chronic myeloid leukemia are mostly unknown. We show that le (show more...)Mechanisms driving immunosuppression in chronic myeloid leukemia are mostly unknown. We show that leukemic extracellular vesicles (EVs) target lymphocytes and amplify suppressive function of thymic regulatory T cells, by driving expression of Foxp3 transcription factor. This could facilitate expansion of leukemic cells outside the bone marrow, leading to blast crisis. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: Flotillin1/ Alix/ beta-actin/ TSG101/ HSP70/ CD81
non-EV: Grp78/ TOM20
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
32D
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
Not specified
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
100
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
140000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
55
Wash: time (min)
100
Wash: Rotor Type
Type 45 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
140000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Bradford
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ beta-actin/ TSG101/ HSP70/ CD81
Not detected contaminants
Grp78/ TOM20
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
120
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190104 2/2 Mus musculus 32D (d)(U)C Swatler J 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Swatler J, Dudka W, Bugajski L, Brewinska-Olchowik M, Kozlowska E, Piwocka K.
Journal
Eur J Immunol
Abstract
Mechanisms driving immunosuppression in chronic myeloid leukemia are mostly unknown. We show that le (show more...)Mechanisms driving immunosuppression in chronic myeloid leukemia are mostly unknown. We show that leukemic extracellular vesicles (EVs) target lymphocytes and amplify suppressive function of thymic regulatory T cells, by driving expression of Foxp3 transcription factor. This could facilitate expansion of leukemic cells outside the bone marrow, leading to blast crisis. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
chronic myeloid leukemia (overexpresssion of BCR-ABL)
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: Flotillin1/ Alix/ beta-actin/ TSG101/ HSP70/ CD81
non-EV: Grp78/ TOM20
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
32D
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
Not specified
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
100
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
140000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
55
Wash: time (min)
100
Wash: Rotor Type
Type 45 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
140000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Bradford
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ beta-actin/ TSG101/ HSP70/ CD81
Not detected contaminants
Grp78/ TOM20
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
135.9
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190055 1/4 Homo sapiens ARPE-19 DG
(d)(U)C
Ferreira JV 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Ferreira JV, Rosa Soares A, Ramalho JS, Ribeiro-Rodrigues T, Máximo C, Zuzarte M, Girão H, Pereira P.
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Deregulation of proteostasis is a main feature of many age-related diseases, often leading to the ac (show more...)Deregulation of proteostasis is a main feature of many age-related diseases, often leading to the accumulation of toxic oligomers and insoluble protein aggregates that accumulate intracellularly or in the extracellular space. To understand the mechanisms whereby toxic or otherwise unwanted proteins are secreted to the extracellular space, we inactivated the quality-control and proteostasis regulator ubiquitin ligase STUB1/CHIP. Data indicated that STUB1 deficiency leads both to the intracellular accumulation of protein aggregates and to an increase in the secretion of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), including exosomes. Secreted sEVs are enriched in ubiquitinated and/or undegraded proteins and protein oligomers. Data also indicates that oxidative stress induces an increase in the release of sEVs in cells depleted from STUB1. Overall, the results presented here suggest that cells use exosomes to dispose of damaged and/or undegraded proteins as a means to reduce intracellular accumulation of proteotoxic material. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
small extracellular vesicles (sEVs)
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ Hsc70/ Flotillin1/ GAPDH/ CANX
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.15
Show all info
Study aim
Function/Biogenesis/cargo sorting
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
ARPE-19
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
120000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
38
Wash: time (min)
70
Wash: Rotor Type
SW 32 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
120000
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
16
Lowest density fraction
0.4M
Highest density fraction
2.5M
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
8
Sample volume (mL)
0.5
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
Type 70.1Ti
Speed (g)
210000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
38
Pelleting: duration (min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
120000
EV-subtype
Distinction between multiple subtypes
Size
Used subtypes
< 200
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
microBCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ CD63/ GAPDH/ Hsc70
Not detected EV-associated proteins
CANX
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
160
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up
Other particle analysis name(1)
RhoB-PE staining
Report type
Not Reported
EV-concentration
No
EV190055 3/4 Homo sapiens ARPE-19 DG
(d)(U)C
Ferreira JV 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Ferreira JV, Rosa Soares A, Ramalho JS, Ribeiro-Rodrigues T, Máximo C, Zuzarte M, Girão H, Pereira P.
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Deregulation of proteostasis is a main feature of many age-related diseases, often leading to the ac (show more...)Deregulation of proteostasis is a main feature of many age-related diseases, often leading to the accumulation of toxic oligomers and insoluble protein aggregates that accumulate intracellularly or in the extracellular space. To understand the mechanisms whereby toxic or otherwise unwanted proteins are secreted to the extracellular space, we inactivated the quality-control and proteostasis regulator ubiquitin ligase STUB1/CHIP. Data indicated that STUB1 deficiency leads both to the intracellular accumulation of protein aggregates and to an increase in the secretion of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), including exosomes. Secreted sEVs are enriched in ubiquitinated and/or undegraded proteins and protein oligomers. Data also indicates that oxidative stress induces an increase in the release of sEVs in cells depleted from STUB1. Overall, the results presented here suggest that cells use exosomes to dispose of damaged and/or undegraded proteins as a means to reduce intracellular accumulation of proteotoxic material. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
small extracellular vesicles (sEVs)
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ HSC70/ Flotillin1/ GAPDH/ CANX
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.15
Show all info
Study aim
Function/Biogenesis/cargo sorting
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
ARPE-19
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
120000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
38
Wash: time (min)
70
Wash: Rotor Type
SW 32 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
120000
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
16
Lowest density fraction
0.4M
Highest density fraction
2.5M
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
8
Sample volume (mL)
0.5
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
Type 70.1Ti
Speed (g)
210000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
38
Pelleting: duration (min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
120000
EV-subtype
Distinction between multiple subtypes
Size
Used subtypes
< 200
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
microBCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ CD63/ GAPDH/ HSC70
Not detected EV-associated proteins
CANX
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
160
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up
Other particle analysis name(1)
RhoB-PE staining
Report type
Not Reported
EV-concentration
No
EV190038 2/3 Homo sapiens Exudative seroma DG
(d)(U)C
García-Silva S 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
García-Silva S, Benito-Martín A, Sánchez-Redondo S, Hernández-Barranco A, Ximénez-Embún P, Nogués L, Mazariegos MS, Brinkmann K, Amor López A, Meyer L, Rodríguez C, García-Martín C, Boskovic J, Letón R, Montero C, Robledo M, Santambrogio L, Sue Brady M, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz A, Kalinowska I, Skog J, Noerholm M, Muñoz J, Ortiz-Romero PL, Ruano Y, Rodríguez-Peralto JL, Rutkowski P, Peinado H.
Journal
J Exp Med
Abstract
Liquid biopsies from cancer patients have the potential to improve diagnosis and prognosis. The asse (show more...)Liquid biopsies from cancer patients have the potential to improve diagnosis and prognosis. The assessment of surrogate markers of tumor progression in circulating extracellular vesicles could be a powerful non-invasive approach in this setting. We have characterized extracellular vesicles purified from the lymphatic drainage also known as exudative seroma (ES) of stage III melanoma patients obtained after lymphadenectomy. Proteomic analysis showed that seroma-derived exosomes are enriched in proteins resembling melanoma progression. In addition, we found that the BRAFV600E mutation can be detected in ES-derived extracellular vesicles and its detection correlated with patients at risk of relapse. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Exudative seroma
Sample origin
Melanoma patients stage III
Focus vesicles
exosome
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ CD81/ HSP90/ GAPDH/ TRP2/ CD9
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
Not specified
Show all info
Study aim
Biomarker
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Exudative seroma
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 50.4 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
3
Wash: time (min)
70
Wash: Rotor Type
Type 50.4 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
100000
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5%
Highest density fraction
40%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
8
Sample volume (mL)
0.1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
Type 70.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
960
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
20
Pelleting: duration (min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 70 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ CD63/ GAPDH/ CD81/ HSP90/ TRP2
Proteomics database
ProteomeXchange Consortium
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Median
Reported size (nm)
148
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
63.6
EV190028 1/1 Homo sapiens THP-1 (d)(U)C
Filtration
Ramanathan S 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Ramanathan S, Shenoda BB, Lin Z, Alexander GM, Huppert A, Sacan A, Ajit SK.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular RNA in circulation mediates intercellular communication in normal and pathological pro (show more...)Extracellular RNA in circulation mediates intercellular communication in normal and pathological processes. One mode of circulating miRNA transport in bodily fluids is within 30-150 nm small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) or exosomes. Uptake of sEVs can regulate gene expression in recipient cells enabling circulating miRNAs to exert paracrine and systemic effects. Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating pain disorder characterized by chronic inflammation. Our previous investigations identified a significant decrease of hsa-miR-939 in whole blood from CRPS patients compared to control; we also observed that overexpression of miR-939 can negatively regulate several proinflammatory genes in vitro. Though downregulated in whole blood, miR-939 was significantly upregulated in sEVs isolated from patient serum. Here we investigated miR-939 packaging into sEVs in vitro under inflammation induced by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a chemokine that is upregulated in CRPS patients. Stimulation of THP-1 monocytes by MCP-1 led to elevated levels of miR-939 in sEVs, which was abrogated using inhibitors of exosome secretion. miRNAs loaded into exosomes largely contain short miRNA sequence motifs called EXOmotifs. Mutation analysis of miR-939 showed that EXOmotif is one of the possible cellular mechanisms responsible for packaging miR-939 into sEVs. We confirmed gene expression changes in recipient cells following the uptake of sEVs enriched in miR-939 using RNA sequencing. Additionally, our data from primary immune cell-derived sEVs of CRPS patients and controls demonstrate that while the relative expression of miR-939 is higher in sEVs derived from B cells, T cells and NK cells relative to monocyte-derived sEVs in controls, only the B cell-derived sEVs showed a significantly higher level of miR-939 in CRPS patients. Differential miRNA sorting into exosomes and its functional impact on recipient cells may contribute to the underlying pathophysiology of CRPS. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
exosome
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ CD81/ TSG101
non-EV: Albumin/ GM130
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function/Identification of content (omics approaches)/Mechanism of uptake/transfer
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
THP-1
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 50.2 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
120000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
25
Wash: time (min)
70
Wash: Rotor Type
Type 50.2 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
120000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Lowry-based assay
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD81/ TSG101
Not detected contaminants
GM130/ Albumin
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
(RT)(q)PCR;RNA sequencing
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
103.2+/-4.9
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Immuno-EM/ Transmission-EM
EM protein
CD81;CD9
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
EV190025 3/4 Homo sapiens ascites (d)(U)C
Filtration
Czystowska-Kuzmicz, Malgorzata 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Malgorzata Czystowska-Kuzmicz, Anna Sosnowska, Dominika Nowis, Kavita Ramji, Marta Szajnik, Justyna Chlebowska-Tuz, Ewa Wolinska, Pawel Gaj, Magdalena Grazul, Zofia Pilch, Abdessamad Zerrouqi, Agnieszka Graczyk-Jarzynka, Karolina Soroczynska, Szczepan Cierniak, Robert Koktysz, Esther Elishaev, Slawomir Gruca, Artur Stefanowicz, Roman Blaszczyk, Bartlomiej Borek, Anna Gzik, Theresa Whiteside, and Jakub Golab
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Tumor-driven immune suppression is a major barrier to successful immunotherapy in ovarian carcinomas (show more...)Tumor-driven immune suppression is a major barrier to successful immunotherapy in ovarian carcinomas (OvCa). Among various mechanisms responsible for immune suppression, arginase-1 (ARG1)-carrying small extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerge as important contributors to tumor growth and tumor escape from the host immune system. Here, we report that small EVs found in the ascites and plasma of OvCa patients contain ARG1. EVs suppress proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in vitro and in vivo in OvCa mouse models. In mice, ARG1-containing EVs are transported to draining lymph nodes, taken up by dendritic cells and inhibit antigen-specific T-cell proliferation. Increased expression of ARG1 in mouse OvCa cells is associated with accelerated tumor progression that can be blocked by an arginase inhibitor. Altogether, our studies show that tumor cells use EVs as vehicles to carry over long distances and deliver to immune cells a metabolic checkpoint molecule – ARG1, mitigating anti-tumor immune responses. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
ascites
Sample origin
ovarian cancer
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ ARG1/ EpCAM/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
ascites
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 70 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
110000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
8
Wash: time (min)
60
Wash: Rotor Type
Type 70 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
110000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
microBCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ TSG101/ ARG1
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Flow cytometry specific beads
Detected EV-associated proteins
EpCAM/ CD9/ CD81/ CD63
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
125
EV concentration
Yes
TRPS
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
116
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190025 4/4 Homo sapiens ovarian cyst fluid (d)(U)C
Filtration
Czystowska-Kuzmicz, Malgorzata 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Malgorzata Czystowska-Kuzmicz, Anna Sosnowska, Dominika Nowis, Kavita Ramji, Marta Szajnik, Justyna Chlebowska-Tuz, Ewa Wolinska, Pawel Gaj, Magdalena Grazul, Zofia Pilch, Abdessamad Zerrouqi, Agnieszka Graczyk-Jarzynka, Karolina Soroczynska, Szczepan Cierniak, Robert Koktysz, Esther Elishaev, Slawomir Gruca, Artur Stefanowicz, Roman Blaszczyk, Bartlomiej Borek, Anna Gzik, Theresa Whiteside, and Jakub Golab
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Tumor-driven immune suppression is a major barrier to successful immunotherapy in ovarian carcinomas (show more...)Tumor-driven immune suppression is a major barrier to successful immunotherapy in ovarian carcinomas (OvCa). Among various mechanisms responsible for immune suppression, arginase-1 (ARG1)-carrying small extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerge as important contributors to tumor growth and tumor escape from the host immune system. Here, we report that small EVs found in the ascites and plasma of OvCa patients contain ARG1. EVs suppress proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in vitro and in vivo in OvCa mouse models. In mice, ARG1-containing EVs are transported to draining lymph nodes, taken up by dendritic cells and inhibit antigen-specific T-cell proliferation. Increased expression of ARG1 in mouse OvCa cells is associated with accelerated tumor progression that can be blocked by an arginase inhibitor. Altogether, our studies show that tumor cells use EVs as vehicles to carry over long distances and deliver to immune cells a metabolic checkpoint molecule – ARG1, mitigating anti-tumor immune responses. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
ovarian cyst fluid
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ ARG1/ CD63
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
ovarian cyst fluid
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 70 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
110000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
8
Wash: time (min)
60
Wash: Rotor Type
Type 70 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
110000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
microBCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
ARG1/ CD63/ TSG101
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
124
EV concentration
Yes
TRPS
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
120
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190011 1/5 Mus musculus MC38 (d)(U)C Cianciaruso C 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Cianciaruso C, Beltraminelli T, Duval F, Nassiri S, Hamelin R, Mozes A, Gallart-Ayala H, Ceada Torres G, Torchia B, Ries CH, Ivanisevic J, De Palma M
Journal
Cell Rep
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, modulate multiple aspects of cancer biology. Tumor (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, modulate multiple aspects of cancer biology. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) secrete EVs, but their molecular features and functions are poorly characterized. Here, we report methodology for the enrichment, quantification, and proteomic and lipidomic analysis of EVs released from mouse TAMs (TAM-EVs). Compared to source TAMs, TAM-EVs present molecular profiles associated with a Th1/M1 polarization signature, enhanced inflammation and immune response, and a more favorable patient prognosis. Accordingly, enriched TAM-EV preparations promote T cell proliferation and activation ex vivo. TAM-EVs also contain bioactive lipids and biosynthetic enzymes, which may alter pro-inflammatory signaling in the cancer cells. Thus, whereas TAMs are largely immunosuppressive, their EVs may have the potential to stimulate, rather than limit, anti-tumor immunity. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ Syntenin1/ CD63/ CD81/ GAPDH/ Alix/ vinculin/ actin-beta/ HER2/ CD9/ CD11b
non-EV: Calnexin/ Gp96
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MC38
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum-containing, but physical separation of serum EVs and secreted EVs (e.g. Bioreactor flask)
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
110000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
35
Wash: time (min)
70
Wash: Rotor Type
SW 32 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
134,000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ vinculin/ GAPDH/ Alix/ TSG101/ Syntenin1/ actin-beta/ CD9/ CD63
Detected contaminants
Calnexin/ Gp96
Flow cytometry specific beads
Detected EV-associated proteins
HER2/ CD11b/ CD9
Flow cytometry
Type of Flow cytometry
Attune NxT apparatus
Hardware adaptation to ~100nm EV's
Acquisition settings were optimized for detection of EV populations carrying green, red or near-infrared fluorescence, or combination of those. The conventional blue side scatter (SSC, 488 nm) was rep
Detected EV-associated proteins
HER2
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
150
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190011 3/5 Mus musculus Bone marrow-derived macrophages (d)(U)C Cianciaruso C 2019 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Cianciaruso C, Beltraminelli T, Duval F, Nassiri S, Hamelin R, Mozes A, Gallart-Ayala H, Ceada Torres G, Torchia B, Ries CH, Ivanisevic J, De Palma M
Journal
Cell Rep
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, modulate multiple aspects of cancer biology. Tumor (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, modulate multiple aspects of cancer biology. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) secrete EVs, but their molecular features and functions are poorly characterized. Here, we report methodology for the enrichment, quantification, and proteomic and lipidomic analysis of EVs released from mouse TAMs (TAM-EVs). Compared to source TAMs, TAM-EVs present molecular profiles associated with a Th1/M1 polarization signature, enhanced inflammation and immune response, and a more favorable patient prognosis. Accordingly, enriched TAM-EV preparations promote T cell proliferation and activation ex vivo. TAM-EVs also contain bioactive lipids and biosynthetic enzymes, which may alter pro-inflammatory signaling in the cancer cells. Thus, whereas TAMs are largely immunosuppressive, their EVs may have the potential to stimulate, rather than limit, anti-tumor immunity. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: / TSG101/ CD63/ MRC1/ CD81/ GAPDH/ CD68/ Alix/ CD9
non-EV: Gp96
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
Bone marrow-derived macrophages
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum-containing, but physical separation of serum EVs and secreted EVs (e.g. Bioreactor flask)
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
110000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
35
Wash: time (min)
70
Wash: Rotor Type
SW 32 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
134,000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ MRC1/ GAPDH/ CD63/ TSG101/ CD9/ CD68/ MRC1/ Alix
Not detected EV-associated proteins
Not detected contaminants
Gp96
Flow cytometry
Type of Flow cytometry
Attune NxT apparatus
Hardware adaptation to ~100nm EV's
Acquisition settings were optimized for detection of EV populations carrying green, red or near-infrared fluorescence, or combination of those. The conventional blue side scatter (SSC, 488 nm) was rep
Detected EV-associated proteins
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
140
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV180021 3/4 Homo sapiens Serum (d)(U)C
Filtration
Bachurski, Daniel 2019 77%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Daniel Bachurski ORCID Icon, Maximiliane Schuldner, Phuong-Hien Nguyen, Alexandra Malz, Katrin S Reiners, Patricia C Grenzi ORCID Icon, Felix Babatz, Astrid C Schauss, Hinrich P Hansen, Michael Hallek & Elke Pogge von Strandmann
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
The expanding field of extracellular vesicle (EV) research needs reproducible and accurate methods t (show more...)The expanding field of extracellular vesicle (EV) research needs reproducible and accurate methods to characterize single EVs. Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) is commonly used to determine EV concentration and diameter. As the EV field is lacking methods to easily confirm and validate NTA data, questioning the reliability of measurements remains highly important. In this regard, a comparison addressing measurement quality between different NTA devices such as Malvern’s NanoSight NS300 or Particle Metrix’ ZetaView has not yet been conducted. To evaluate the accuracy and repeatability of size and concentration determinations of both devices, we employed comparative methods including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and single particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensing (SP-IRIS) by ExoView. Multiple test measurements with nanospheres, liposomes and ultracentrifuged EVs from human serum and cell culture supernatant were performed. Additionally, serial dilutions and freeze-thaw cycle-dependent EV decrease were measured to determine the robustness of each system. Strikingly, NanoSight NS300 exhibited a 2.0–2.1-fold overestimation of polystyrene and silica nanosphere concentration. By measuring serial dilutions of EV samples, we demonstrated higher accuracy in concentration determination by ZetaView (% BIAS range: 2.7–8.5) in comparison with NanoSight NS300 (% BIAS range: 32.9–36.8). The concentration measurements by ZetaView were also more precise (% CV range: 0.0–4.7) than measurements by NanoSight NS300 (% CV range: 5.4–10.7). On the contrary, quantitative TEM imaging indicated more accurate EV sizing by NanoSight NS300 (% DTEM range: 79.5–134.3) compared to ZetaView (% DTEM range: 111.8–205.7), while being equally repeatable (NanoSight NS300% CV range: 0.8–6.7; ZetaView: 1.4–7.8). However, both devices failed to report a peak EV diameter below 60 nm compared to TEM and SP-IRIS. Taken together, NTA devices differ strongly in their hardware and software affecting measuring results. ZetaView provided a more accurate and repeatable depiction of EV concentration, whereas NanoSight NS300 supplied size measurements of higher resolution. (hide)
EV-METRIC
77% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Serum
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
209.7 (pelleting) / 89.2 (washing)
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ HSP70/ CD63/ CD9/ CD81
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Serum
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
90
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
209.7
Wash: time (min)
90
Wash: Rotor Type
TLA-55
Wash: speed (g)
100000
Wash: adjusted k-factor
89.20
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63, HSP70, TSG101
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Characterization: Lipid analysis
Yes
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
50-200
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
30-100
Other particle analysis name(1)
ExoView
Report type
Size range/distribution
Report size
50-100
EV-concentration
No
Extra information
EV-Track data set is associated with a technical paper comparing different NTA devices assessed by TEM and ExoView
EV180021 4/4 Homo sapiens L540 (d)(U)C
Filtration
Bachurski, Daniel 2019 77%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Daniel Bachurski ORCID Icon, Maximiliane Schuldner, Phuong-Hien Nguyen, Alexandra Malz, Katrin S Reiners, Patricia C Grenzi ORCID Icon, Felix Babatz, Astrid C Schauss, Hinrich P Hansen, Michael Hallek & Elke Pogge von Strandmann
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
The expanding field of extracellular vesicle (EV) research needs reproducible and accurate methods t (show more...)The expanding field of extracellular vesicle (EV) research needs reproducible and accurate methods to characterize single EVs. Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) is commonly used to determine EV concentration and diameter. As the EV field is lacking methods to easily confirm and validate NTA data, questioning the reliability of measurements remains highly important. In this regard, a comparison addressing measurement quality between different NTA devices such as Malvern’s NanoSight NS300 or Particle Metrix’ ZetaView has not yet been conducted. To evaluate the accuracy and repeatability of size and concentration determinations of both devices, we employed comparative methods including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and single particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensing (SP-IRIS) by ExoView. Multiple test measurements with nanospheres, liposomes and ultracentrifuged EVs from human serum and cell culture supernatant were performed. Additionally, serial dilutions and freeze-thaw cycle-dependent EV decrease were measured to determine the robustness of each system. Strikingly, NanoSight NS300 exhibited a 2.0–2.1-fold overestimation of polystyrene and silica nanosphere concentration. By measuring serial dilutions of EV samples, we demonstrated higher accuracy in concentration determination by ZetaView (% BIAS range: 2.7–8.5) in comparison with NanoSight NS300 (% BIAS range: 32.9–36.8). The concentration measurements by ZetaView were also more precise (% CV range: 0.0–4.7) than measurements by NanoSight NS300 (% CV range: 5.4–10.7). On the contrary, quantitative TEM imaging indicated more accurate EV sizing by NanoSight NS300 (% DTEM range: 79.5–134.3) compared to ZetaView (% DTEM range: 111.8–205.7), while being equally repeatable (NanoSight NS300% CV range: 0.8–6.7; ZetaView: 1.4–7.8). However, both devices failed to report a peak EV diameter below 60 nm compared to TEM and SP-IRIS. Taken together, NTA devices differ strongly in their hardware and software affecting measuring results. ZetaView provided a more accurate and repeatable depiction of EV concentration, whereas NanoSight NS300 supplied size measurements of higher resolution. (hide)
EV-METRIC
77% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
209.7 (pelleting) / 89.2 (washing)
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ HSP70/ CD63/ CD9/ CD81
non-EV: Calnexin
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
L540
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Cell viability (%)
NA
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
90
Pelleting: rotor type
Type 45 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
209.7
Wash: time (min)
90
Wash: Rotor Type
TLA-55
Wash: speed (g)
100000
Wash: adjusted k-factor
89.20
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63, HSP70, TSG101
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Characterization: Lipid analysis
Yes
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
50-400
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
30-150
Other particle analysis name(1)
ExoView
Report type
Size range/distribution
Report size
50-100
EV-concentration
No
Extra information
EV-Track data set is associated with a technical paper comparing different NTA devices assessed by TEM and ExoView
EV190051 2/4 Homo sapiens Serum (d)(U)C
qEV
miRCURY
Stefanie Hermann 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Stefanie Hermann, Dominik Buschmann, Benedikt Kirchner, Melanie Borrmann, Florian Brandes, Stefan Kotschote, Michael Bonin, Anja Lindemann, Marlene Reithmair, Gustav Schelling, Michael W. Pfaffl
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play central physiological and pathophysiological roles in intercellula (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play central physiological and pathophysiological roles in intercellular communication. Biomarker studies addressing disorders such as cardiovascular diseases often focus on circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and may, depending on the type of disease and clinic routine, utilise patient specimens sampled from arterial or venous blood vessels. Thus, it is essential to test whether circulating miRNA profiles depend on the respective sampling site. We assessed potential differences in arterial and venous cell-free miRNA profiles in a cohort of 20 patients scheduled for cardiac surgery. Prior to surgery, blood was simultaneously sampled from the radial artery and the internal jugular vein. After precipitating crude EVs, we performed small RNA Sequencing, which failed to detect significantly regulated miRNAs using stringent filtering criteria for differential expression analysis. Filtering with less strict criteria, we detected four miRNAs slightly upregulated in arterial samples, one of which could be validated by reverse transcription real-time PCR. The applicability of these findings to purified arterial and venous EVs was subsequently tested in a subset of the initial study population. While an additional clean-up step using size-exclusion chromatography seemed to reduce overall miRNA yield compared to crude EV samples, no miRNAs with differential arteriovenous expression were detected. Unsupervised clustering approaches were unable to correctly classify samples drawn from arteries or veins based on miRNAs in either crude or purified preparations. Particle characterisation of crude preparations as well as characterisation of EV markers in purified EVs resulted in highly similar characteristics for arterial and venous samples. With the exception of specific pathologies (e.g. severe pulmonary disorders), arterial versus venous blood sampling should therefore not represent a likely confounder when studying differentially expressed circulating miRNAs. The use of either arterial or venous serum EV samples should result in highly similar data on miRNA expression profiles for the majority of biomarker studies. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Serum
Sample origin
arterial blood, cardiac surgery
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
qEV
miRCURY
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ CD81/ CD63/ Syntenin
non-EV: Calnexin/ Albumin/ ApoA1
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Biomarker
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Serum
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
SW60 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
200000
Commercial kit
qEV;miRCURY
Other
Name other separation method
qEV
Other
Name other separation method
miRCURY
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Not determined
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD63/ Syntenin/ CD81
Detected contaminants
ApoA1/ Albumin
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RNAsequencing;Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
138.54 ± 10.18
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190051 4/4 Homo sapiens Serum (d)(U)C
qEV
miRCURY
Stefanie Hermann 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Stefanie Hermann, Dominik Buschmann, Benedikt Kirchner, Melanie Borrmann, Florian Brandes, Stefan Kotschote, Michael Bonin, Anja Lindemann, Marlene Reithmair, Gustav Schelling, Michael W. Pfaffl
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play central physiological and pathophysiological roles in intercellula (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play central physiological and pathophysiological roles in intercellular communication. Biomarker studies addressing disorders such as cardiovascular diseases often focus on circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and may, depending on the type of disease and clinic routine, utilise patient specimens sampled from arterial or venous blood vessels. Thus, it is essential to test whether circulating miRNA profiles depend on the respective sampling site. We assessed potential differences in arterial and venous cell-free miRNA profiles in a cohort of 20 patients scheduled for cardiac surgery. Prior to surgery, blood was simultaneously sampled from the radial artery and the internal jugular vein. After precipitating crude EVs, we performed small RNA Sequencing, which failed to detect significantly regulated miRNAs using stringent filtering criteria for differential expression analysis. Filtering with less strict criteria, we detected four miRNAs slightly upregulated in arterial samples, one of which could be validated by reverse transcription real-time PCR. The applicability of these findings to purified arterial and venous EVs was subsequently tested in a subset of the initial study population. While an additional clean-up step using size-exclusion chromatography seemed to reduce overall miRNA yield compared to crude EV samples, no miRNAs with differential arteriovenous expression were detected. Unsupervised clustering approaches were unable to correctly classify samples drawn from arteries or veins based on miRNAs in either crude or purified preparations. Particle characterisation of crude preparations as well as characterisation of EV markers in purified EVs resulted in highly similar characteristics for arterial and venous samples. With the exception of specific pathologies (e.g. severe pulmonary disorders), arterial versus venous blood sampling should therefore not represent a likely confounder when studying differentially expressed circulating miRNAs. The use of either arterial or venous serum EV samples should result in highly similar data on miRNA expression profiles for the majority of biomarker studies. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Serum
Sample origin
venous blood, cardiac surgery
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
qEV
miRCURY
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ CD81/ CD63/ Syntenin
non-EV: Calnexin/ Albumin/ ApoA1
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Biomarker
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Serum
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
SW60 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
200000
Commercial kit
qEV;miRCURY
Other
Name other separation method
qEV
Other
Name other separation method
miRCURY
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Not determined
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ Syntenin/ CD63/ CD81
Detected contaminants
ApoA1/ Albumin
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RNAsequencing;Capillary electrophoresis (e.g. Bioanalyzer)
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
147.54 ± 6.84
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190040 4/12 Homo sapiens HEK293T DG
UF
Geeurickx E 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Geeurickx E, Tulkens J, Dhondt B, Van Deun J, Lippens L, Vergauwen G, Heyrman E, De Sutter D, Gevaert K, Impens F, Miinalainen I, Van Bockstal PJ, De Beer T, Wauben MHM, Nolte-'t-Hoen ENM, Bloch K, Swinnen JV, van der Pol E, Nieuwland R, Braems G, Callewaert N, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Denys H, Eyckerman S, De Wever O, Hendrix A.
Journal
Nat Commun
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological (show more...)Recent years have seen an increase of extracellular vesicle (EV) research geared towards biological understanding, diagnostics and therapy. However, EV data interpretation remains challenging owing to complexity of biofluids and technical variation introduced during sample preparation and analysis. To understand and mitigate these limitations, we generated trackable recombinant EV (rEV) as a biological reference material. Employing complementary characterization methods, we demonstrate that rEV are stable and bear physical and biochemical traits characteristic of sample EV. Furthermore, rEV can be quantified using fluorescence-, RNA- and protein-based technologies available in routine laboratories. Spiking rEV in biofluids allows recovery efficiencies of commonly implemented EV separation methods to be identified, intra-method and inter-user variability induced by sample handling to be defined, and to normalize and improve sensitivity of EV enumerations. We anticipate that rEV will aid EV-based sample preparation and analysis, data normalization, method development and instrument calibration in various research and biomedical applications. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
gag-EGFP
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD81/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ CD9/ syntenin-1
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.086-1.119
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
HEK293T
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Cell viability (%)
96
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Centrifugation
Pelleting: volume per fraction
16
Pelleting: duration (min)
180
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
EV-subtype
Used subtypes
1.076 1.088 g/ml
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Not determined
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ Alix/ CD9/ TSG101/ syntenin-1/ CD81
Proteomics database
Yes:
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190039 2/3 Homo sapiens Blood plasma DG
(d)(U)C
SEC
SEC (non-commercial)
UF
Everaert, Celine 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Celine Everaert, Hetty Helsmoortel, Anneleen Decock, Eva Hulstaert, Ruben Van Paemel, Kimberly Verniers, Justine Nuytens 1 2 , Jasper Anckaert 1 2 , Nele Nijs, Joeri Tulkens, Bert Dhondt, An Hendrix, Pieter Mestdagh, Jo Vandesompele
Journal
Scientific Reports
Abstract
RNA profiling has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the biomarker potential of human bioflui (show more...)RNA profiling has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate the biomarker potential of human biofluids. However, despite enormous interest in extracellular nucleic acids, RNA sequencing methods to quantify the total RNA content outside cells are rare. Here, we evaluate the performance of the SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-Seq method in human platelet-rich plasma, platelet-free plasma, urine, conditioned medium, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) from these biofluids. We found the method to be accurate, precise, compatible with low-input volumes and able to quantify a few thousand genes. We picked up distinct classes of RNA molecules, including mRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, miscRNA and pseudogenes. Notably, the read distribution and gene content drastically differ among biofluids. In conclusion, we are the first to show that the SMARTer method can be used for unbiased unraveling of the complete transcriptome of a wide range of biofluids and their extracellular vesicles. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Blood plasma
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
(d)(U)C
SEC
SEC (non-commercial)
UF
Protein markers
EV: Flotillin1/ CD9
non-EV: ApoA-1
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.1
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Blood plasma
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1091
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Size-exclusion chromatography
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
10
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Size-exclusion chromatography
Total column volume (mL)
10
Sample volume/column (mL)
2
Resin type
Sepharose CL-2B
Other
Name other separation method
SEC (non-commercial)
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Fluorometric assay (e.g. Qubit, NanoOrange,...)
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin1/ CD9
Detected contaminants
ApoA-1
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RNAsequencing
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Size range/distribution
Reported size (nm)
100-200
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up
EV190018 1/8 Homo sapiens MKN45 (d)(U)C
Filtration
Freitas D 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Freitas D, Balmaña M, Poças J, Campos D, Osório H, Konstantinidi A, Vakhrushev SY, Magalhães A, Reis CA.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in inter (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ CD63/ CD81/ Proteins regarded in the experiment as potentially EV-associated and not detected in the EVs/ HSP70/ CD9/ Syntenin-1
non-EV: Cytochrome C/ Albumin
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MKN45
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
960
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 55 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
38
Wash: time (min)
120
Wash: Rotor Type
SW 55 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;silver staining
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ CD63/ Syntenin-1/ HSP70/ Alix/ CD81
Not detected EV-associated proteins
Proteins regarded in the experiment as potentially EV-associated and not detected in the EVs
Detected contaminants
Albumin
Not detected contaminants
Cytochrome C
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
140.97
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190018 2/8 Homo sapiens MKN45 (d)(U)C
Filtration
Total Exosome Isolation
Freitas D 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Freitas D, Balmaña M, Poças J, Campos D, Osório H, Konstantinidi A, Vakhrushev SY, Magalhães A, Reis CA.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in inter (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Total Exosome Isolation
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9/ Syntenin-1
non-EV: Cytochrome C/ Albumin
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MKN45
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Commercial kit
Total Exosome Isolation
Other
Name other separation method
Total Exosome Isolation
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;silver staining
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ Syntenin-1/ HSP70/ CD81
Not detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ Alix
Detected contaminants
Albumin
Not detected contaminants
Cytochrome C
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
148.3
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190018 4/8 Homo sapiens MKN45 (d)(U)C
Filtration
qEV
Freitas D 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Freitas D, Balmaña M, Poças J, Campos D, Osório H, Konstantinidi A, Vakhrushev SY, Magalhães A, Reis CA.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in inter (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
qEV
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9/ Syntenin-1
non-EV: Albumin
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MKN45
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Commercial kit
qEV
Other
Name other separation method
qEV
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;silver staining
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Syntenin-1/ CD9/ CD63/ HSP70/ CD81
Not detected EV-associated proteins
Alix
Detected contaminants
Albumin
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
138.37
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190018 5/8 Homo sapiens MKN45 (d)(U)C
Filtration
Freitas D 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Freitas D, Balmaña M, Poças J, Campos D, Osório H, Konstantinidi A, Vakhrushev SY, Magalhães A, Reis CA.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in inter (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
COSMC KO
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9/ Syntenin-1
non-EV: Albumin
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MKN45
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
960
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 55 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
38
Wash: time (min)
120
Wash: Rotor Type
SW 55 Ti
Wash: speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;silver staining
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Syntenin-1/ CD9/ CD63/ HSP70/ Alix/ CD81
Detected contaminants
Albumin
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
141.43
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190018 6/8 Homo sapiens MKN45 (d)(U)C
Filtration
Total Exosome Isolation
Freitas D 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Freitas D, Balmaña M, Poças J, Campos D, Osório H, Konstantinidi A, Vakhrushev SY, Magalhães A, Reis CA.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in inter (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
COSMC KO
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Total Exosome Isolation
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9/ Syntenin-1
non-EV: Albumin
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MKN45
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Commercial kit
Total Exosome Isolation
Other
Name other separation method
Total Exosome Isolation
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;silver staining
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ Syntenin-1/ CD63/ HSP70/ CD81
Not detected EV-associated proteins
CD9
Detected contaminants
Albumin
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
152.5
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190018 8/8 Homo sapiens MKN45 (d)(U)C
Filtration
qEV
Freitas D 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Freitas D, Balmaña M, Poças J, Campos D, Osório H, Konstantinidi A, Vakhrushev SY, Magalhães A, Reis CA.
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in inter (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
COSMC KO
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
qEV
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9/ Syntenin-1
non-EV: Albumin
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
MKN45
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
overnight (16h) at >=100,000g
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Commercial kit
qEV
Other
Name other separation method
qEV
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Other;silver staining
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ Syntenin-1/ CD9/ CD63/ HSP70/ CD81
Detected contaminants
Albumin
Proteomics database
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
148.33
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV190007 2/5 Homo sapiens Urine (d)(U)C
Norgen Biotek Urine Exosome Purification Kit
UF
Mussack V 2019 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Mussack V, Wittmann G, Pfaffl MW.
Journal
Biomol Detect Quanti
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 50-200 nm sized mediators in intercellular communication th (show more...)Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 50-200 nm sized mediators in intercellular communication that reflect both physiological and pathophysiological changes of their parental cells. Thus, EVs hold great potential for biomarker detection. However, reliable purification methods for the downstream screening of the microRNA (miRNA) cargo carried within urinary EVs by small RNA sequencing have yet to be established. To address this knowledge gap, RNA extracted from human urinary EVs obtained by five different urinary EV purification methods (spin column chromatography, immunoaffinity, membrane affinity, precipitation and ultracentrifugation combined with density gradient) was analyzed by small RNA sequencing. Urinary EVs were further characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Comprehensive EV characterization established significant method-dependent differences in size and concentration as well as variances in protein composition of isolated vesicles. Even though all purification methods captured enough total RNA to allow small RNA sequencing, method-dependent differences were also observed with respect to library sizes, mapping distributions, number of miRNA reads and diversity of transcripts. Whereas EVs obtained by immunoaffinity yielded the purest subset of small EVs, highly comparable with results attained by ultracentrifugation combined with density gradient, precipitation and membrane affinity, sample purification by spin column chromatography indicated a tendency to isolate different subtypes of small EVs, which might also carry a distinct subset of miRNAs. Based on our results, different EV purification methods seem to preferentially isolate different subtypes of EVs with varying efficiencies. As a consequence, sequencing experiments and resulting miRNA profiles were also affected. Hence, the selection of a specific EV isolation method has to satisfy the respective research question and should be well considered. In strict adherence with the MISEV (minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles) guidelines, the importance of a combined evaluation of biophysical and proteomic EV characteristics alongside transcriptomic results was clearly demonstrated in this present study. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (95th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Norgen Biotek Urine Exosome Purification Kit
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ Syntenin/ EPCAM/ HSP70/ CD9
non-EV: Calnexin/ Tamm-Horsfall protein
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)/Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Commercial kit
Other;Norgen Biotek Urine Exosome Purification Kit
Other
Name other separation method
Norgen Biotek Urine Exosome Purification Kit
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Not determined
Western Blot
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix
Not detected EV-associated proteins
HSP70/ CD81/ Syntenin/ EPCAM/ TSG101/ CD63/ CD9
Not detected contaminants
Calnexin/ Tamm-Horsfall protein
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RNAsequencing
Database
Yes
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
130
EV concentration
Yes
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
1 - 50 of 963 keyboard_arrow_right