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Details	EV-TRACK ID	Experiment nr.	Species	Sample type	Separation protocol	First author	Year	EV-METRIC
	EV140057	1/2	Mus musculus	NAY	(d)(U)C Filtration	Aswad H	2014	33%
Study summary Full title Exosomes participate in the alteration of muscle homeostasis during lipid-induced insulin resistance in mice All authors Aswad H, Forterre A, Wiklander OP, Vial G, Danty-Berger E, Jalabert A, Lamazière A, Meugnier E, Pesenti S, Ott C, Chikh K, El-Andaloussi S, Vidal H, Lefai E, Rieusset J, Rome S Journal Diabetologia Abstract AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Exosomes released from cells can transfer both functional proteins and RNAs between (show more...)AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Exosomes released from cells can transfer both functional proteins and RNAs between cells. In this study we tested the hypothesis that muscle cells might transmit specific signals during lipid-induced insulin resistance through the exosomal route. METHODS: Exosomes were collected from quadriceps muscles of C57Bl/6 mice fed for 16 weeks with either a standard chow diet (SD) or an SD enriched with 20% palm oil (HP) and from C2C12 cells exposed to 0.5 mmol/l palmitate (EXO-Post Palm), oleate (EXO-Post Oleate) or BSA (EXO-Post BSA). RESULTS: HP-fed mice were obese and insulin resistant and had altered insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation in skeletal muscle (SkM). They also had reduced expression of Myod1 and Myog and increased levels of Ccnd1 mRNA, indicating that palm oil had a deep impact on SkM homeostasis in addition to insulin resistance. HP-fed mouse SkM secreted more exosomes than SD-fed mouse SkM. This was reproduced in-vitro using C2C12 cells pre-treated with palmitate, the most abundant saturated fatty acid of palm oil. Exosomes from HP-fed mice, EXO-Post Palm and EXO-Post Oleate induced myoblast proliferation and modified the expressions of genes involved in the cell cycle and muscle differentiation but did not alter insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation. Lipidomic analyses showed that exosomes from palmitate-treated cells were enriched in palmitate, indicating that exosomes likely transfer the deleterious effect of palm oil between muscle cells by transferring lipids. Muscle exosomes were incorporated into various tissues in vivo, including the pancreas and liver, suggesting that SkM could transfer specific signals through the exosomal route to key metabolic tissues. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Exosomes act as paracrine-like signals and modify muscle homeostasis during high-fat diets. (hide) EV-METRIC 33% (75th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Cell culture supernatant Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Filtration Adj. k-factor 157.1 (pelleting) / 157.1 (washing) Protein markers EV: Alix/ TSG101 non-EV: Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Mus musculus Sample Type Cell culture supernatant EV-harvesting Medium serum free Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Pelleting: rotor type 502Ti Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 157.1 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 25 Wash: Rotor Type 50.2Ti Wash: adjusted k-factor 157.1 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Antibody details provided? No Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ TSG101 Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

	EV140057	2/2	Mus musculus	Mouse muscle	(d)(U)C Filtration	Aswad H	2014	33%
Study summary Full title Exosomes participate in the alteration of muscle homeostasis during lipid-induced insulin resistance in mice All authors Aswad H, Forterre A, Wiklander OP, Vial G, Danty-Berger E, Jalabert A, Lamazière A, Meugnier E, Pesenti S, Ott C, Chikh K, El-Andaloussi S, Vidal H, Lefai E, Rieusset J, Rome S Journal Diabetologia Abstract AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Exosomes released from cells can transfer both functional proteins and RNAs between (show more...)AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Exosomes released from cells can transfer both functional proteins and RNAs between cells. In this study we tested the hypothesis that muscle cells might transmit specific signals during lipid-induced insulin resistance through the exosomal route. METHODS: Exosomes were collected from quadriceps muscles of C57Bl/6 mice fed for 16 weeks with either a standard chow diet (SD) or an SD enriched with 20% palm oil (HP) and from C2C12 cells exposed to 0.5 mmol/l palmitate (EXO-Post Palm), oleate (EXO-Post Oleate) or BSA (EXO-Post BSA). RESULTS: HP-fed mice were obese and insulin resistant and had altered insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation in skeletal muscle (SkM). They also had reduced expression of Myod1 and Myog and increased levels of Ccnd1 mRNA, indicating that palm oil had a deep impact on SkM homeostasis in addition to insulin resistance. HP-fed mouse SkM secreted more exosomes than SD-fed mouse SkM. This was reproduced in-vitro using C2C12 cells pre-treated with palmitate, the most abundant saturated fatty acid of palm oil. Exosomes from HP-fed mice, EXO-Post Palm and EXO-Post Oleate induced myoblast proliferation and modified the expressions of genes involved in the cell cycle and muscle differentiation but did not alter insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation. Lipidomic analyses showed that exosomes from palmitate-treated cells were enriched in palmitate, indicating that exosomes likely transfer the deleterious effect of palm oil between muscle cells by transferring lipids. Muscle exosomes were incorporated into various tissues in vivo, including the pancreas and liver, suggesting that SkM could transfer specific signals through the exosomal route to key metabolic tissues. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Exosomes act as paracrine-like signals and modify muscle homeostasis during high-fat diets. (hide) EV-METRIC 33% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Mouse muscle Sample origin NAY Focus vesicles exosomes Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Filtration Adj. k-factor 157.1 (pelleting) / 157.1 (washing) Protein markers EV: Alix/ TSG101 non-EV: Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Function Sample Species Mus musculus Sample Type Mouse muscle Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Pelleting: rotor type 502Ti Pelleting: adjusted k-factor 157.1 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) 25 Wash: Rotor Type 50.2Ti Wash: adjusted k-factor 157.1 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Western Blot Antibody details provided? No Detected EV-associated proteins Alix/ TSG101 Characterization: Particle analysis NTA EM EM-type transmission EM Image type Wide-field

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EV-TRACK ID	EV140057
species	Mus musculus
sample type	Cell culture	Mouse muscle
cell type	NAY	NA
medium	serum free
condition	NAY	NAY
separation protocol	(d)(U)C Filtration	(d)(U)C Filtration
Exp. nr.	1	2
EV-METRIC %	33	33