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You searched for: EV210141 (EV-TRACK ID)

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Experiment number
  • If needed, multiple experiments were identified in a single publication based on differing sample types, separation protocols and/or vesicle types of interest.
Species
  • Species of origin of the EVs.
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol.
    • (d)(U)C = (differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Details EV-TRACK ID Experiment nr. Species Sample type Separation protocol First author Year EV-METRIC
EV210141 2/5 Homo sapiens human umbilical vein endothelial cells IAF
Ultrafiltratrion
(d)(U)C
DG
Zhao F 2023 89%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Zhao F, Xu Y, Liu N, Lv D, Chen Y, Liu Z, Jin X, Xiao M, Lavillette D, Zhong J, Bartenschlager R, Long G
Journal
EMBO J
Abstract
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some pa (show more...)Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some parts of the world. Although ZIKV infection is predominantly asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms, it can lead to neurological complications. ZIKV infection can also cause antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection with similar viruses, warranting further studies of virion assembly and the function of envelope (E) protein-specific antibodies. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) from flavivirus-infected cells have been reported to transmit infection, this interpretation is challenged by difficulties in separating EVs from flavivirions due to their similar biochemical composition and biophysical properties. In the present study, a rigorous EV-virion separation method combining sequential ultracentrifugation and affinity capture was developed to study EVs from ZIKV-infected cells. We find that these EVs do not transmit infection, but EVs display abundant E proteins which have an antigenic landscape similar to that of virions carrying E. ZIKV E-coated EVs attenuate antibody-dependent enhancement mediated by ZIKV E-specific and DENV-cross-reactive antibodies in both cell culture and mouse models. We thus report an alternative route for Flavivirus E protein secretion. These results suggest that modulation of E protein release via virions and EVs may present a new approach to regulating flavivirus-host interactions. (hide)
EV-METRIC
89% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
ZIKV infected cells
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Immunoaffinity capture (non-commercial)
Ultrafiltratrion
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
Density gradient
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9
non-EV: Capsid/ E/ LC3/ Calnexin
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
human umbilical vein endothelial cells
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell count
2,00E+08
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Type
Continuous
Lowest density fraction
0%
Highest density fraction
80%
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
P55ST
Speed (g)
250000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
0,3
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100 kDa
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Immunoaffinity capture
Selected surface protein(s)
CD9
Other
Name other separation method
Ultrafiltratrion
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Lysis buffer provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ CD63/ TSG101/ HSP70/ Alix/ CD81
Detected contaminants
Capsid/ E
Not detected contaminants
LC3/ Calnexin
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RT(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM/ Cryo-EM
Image type
Wide-field
Report size (nm)
100
EV210141 3/5 Homo sapiens human umbilical vein endothelial cells Ultrafiltratrion
(d)(U)C
DG
Zhao F 2023 89%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Zhao F, Xu Y, Liu N, Lv D, Chen Y, Liu Z, Jin X, Xiao M, Lavillette D, Zhong J, Bartenschlager R, Long G
Journal
EMBO J
Abstract
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some pa (show more...)Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some parts of the world. Although ZIKV infection is predominantly asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms, it can lead to neurological complications. ZIKV infection can also cause antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection with similar viruses, warranting further studies of virion assembly and the function of envelope (E) protein-specific antibodies. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) from flavivirus-infected cells have been reported to transmit infection, this interpretation is challenged by difficulties in separating EVs from flavivirions due to their similar biochemical composition and biophysical properties. In the present study, a rigorous EV-virion separation method combining sequential ultracentrifugation and affinity capture was developed to study EVs from ZIKV-infected cells. We find that these EVs do not transmit infection, but EVs display abundant E proteins which have an antigenic landscape similar to that of virions carrying E. ZIKV E-coated EVs attenuate antibody-dependent enhancement mediated by ZIKV E-specific and DENV-cross-reactive antibodies in both cell culture and mouse models. We thus report an alternative route for Flavivirus E protein secretion. These results suggest that modulation of E protein release via virions and EVs may present a new approach to regulating flavivirus-host interactions. (hide)
EV-METRIC
89% (99th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
ZIKV infected cells
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Ultrafiltratrion
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
Density gradient
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9
non-EV: Capsid/ E/ LC3/ Calnexin
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
human umbilical vein endothelial cells
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell count
2,00E+08
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Type
Continuous
Lowest density fraction
0%
Highest density fraction
80%
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
P55ST
Speed (g)
250000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
0,3
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100 kDa
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Other
Name other separation method
Ultrafiltratrion
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Lysis buffer provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ CD63/ TSG101/ HSP70/ Alix/ CD81
Detected contaminants
Capsid/ E
Not detected contaminants
LC3/ Calnexin
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RT(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Wide-field
Report size (nm)
100
EV210141 4/5 Homo sapiens human umbilical vein endothelial cells Ultrafiltratrion
(d)(U)C
DG
Zhao F 2023 75%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Zhao F, Xu Y, Liu N, Lv D, Chen Y, Liu Z, Jin X, Xiao M, Lavillette D, Zhong J, Bartenschlager R, Long G
Journal
EMBO J
Abstract
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some pa (show more...)Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some parts of the world. Although ZIKV infection is predominantly asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms, it can lead to neurological complications. ZIKV infection can also cause antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection with similar viruses, warranting further studies of virion assembly and the function of envelope (E) protein-specific antibodies. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) from flavivirus-infected cells have been reported to transmit infection, this interpretation is challenged by difficulties in separating EVs from flavivirions due to their similar biochemical composition and biophysical properties. In the present study, a rigorous EV-virion separation method combining sequential ultracentrifugation and affinity capture was developed to study EVs from ZIKV-infected cells. We find that these EVs do not transmit infection, but EVs display abundant E proteins which have an antigenic landscape similar to that of virions carrying E. ZIKV E-coated EVs attenuate antibody-dependent enhancement mediated by ZIKV E-specific and DENV-cross-reactive antibodies in both cell culture and mouse models. We thus report an alternative route for Flavivirus E protein secretion. These results suggest that modulation of E protein release via virions and EVs may present a new approach to regulating flavivirus-host interactions. (hide)
EV-METRIC
75% (96th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
ZIKV infected cells
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Ultrafiltratrion
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
Density gradient
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9
non-EV: Capsid/ E
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
human umbilical vein endothelial cells
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell count
2,00E+08
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Density gradient
Type
Continuous
Lowest density fraction
0%
Highest density fraction
80%
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
P55ST
Speed (g)
250000
Duration (min)
1080
Fraction volume (mL)
0,3
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100 kDa
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Other
Name other separation method
Ultrafiltratrion
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Lysis buffer provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ CD63/ TSG101/ HSP70/ Syntenin
Detected contaminants
Capsid/ E
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RT(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
EV210141 1/5 Homo sapiens human umbilical vein endothelial cells IAF
Ultrafiltratrion
(d)(U)C
Zhao F 2023 67%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Zhao F, Xu Y, Liu N, Lv D, Chen Y, Liu Z, Jin X, Xiao M, Lavillette D, Zhong J, Bartenschlager R, Long G
Journal
EMBO J
Abstract
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some pa (show more...)Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some parts of the world. Although ZIKV infection is predominantly asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms, it can lead to neurological complications. ZIKV infection can also cause antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection with similar viruses, warranting further studies of virion assembly and the function of envelope (E) protein-specific antibodies. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) from flavivirus-infected cells have been reported to transmit infection, this interpretation is challenged by difficulties in separating EVs from flavivirions due to their similar biochemical composition and biophysical properties. In the present study, a rigorous EV-virion separation method combining sequential ultracentrifugation and affinity capture was developed to study EVs from ZIKV-infected cells. We find that these EVs do not transmit infection, but EVs display abundant E proteins which have an antigenic landscape similar to that of virions carrying E. ZIKV E-coated EVs attenuate antibody-dependent enhancement mediated by ZIKV E-specific and DENV-cross-reactive antibodies in both cell culture and mouse models. We thus report an alternative route for Flavivirus E protein secretion. These results suggest that modulation of E protein release via virions and EVs may present a new approach to regulating flavivirus-host interactions. (hide)
EV-METRIC
67% (94th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Immunoaffinity capture (non-commercial)
Ultrafiltratrion
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ Alix/ HSP70/ CD9
non-EV: Capsid/ E/ LC3/ Calnexin
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
human umbilical vein endothelial cells
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell count
2,00E+08
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100 kDa
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Immunoaffinity capture
Selected surface protein(s)
CD9
Other
Name other separation method
Ultrafiltratrion
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
BCA
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Lysis buffer provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ CD63/ TSG101/ HSP70/ Alix/ CD81
Detected contaminants
Capsid/ E
Not detected contaminants
LC3/ Calnexin
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RT(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM/ Cryo-EM
Image type
Wide-field
Report size (nm)
100
EV210141 5/5 Homo sapiens Vero 6 IAF
Ultrafiltratrion
(d)(U)C
Zhao F 2023 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Zhao F, Xu Y, Liu N, Lv D, Chen Y, Liu Z, Jin X, Xiao M, Lavillette D, Zhong J, Bartenschlager R, Long G
Journal
EMBO J
Abstract
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some pa (show more...)Mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some parts of the world. Although ZIKV infection is predominantly asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms, it can lead to neurological complications. ZIKV infection can also cause antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection with similar viruses, warranting further studies of virion assembly and the function of envelope (E) protein-specific antibodies. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) from flavivirus-infected cells have been reported to transmit infection, this interpretation is challenged by difficulties in separating EVs from flavivirions due to their similar biochemical composition and biophysical properties. In the present study, a rigorous EV-virion separation method combining sequential ultracentrifugation and affinity capture was developed to study EVs from ZIKV-infected cells. We find that these EVs do not transmit infection, but EVs display abundant E proteins which have an antigenic landscape similar to that of virions carrying E. ZIKV E-coated EVs attenuate antibody-dependent enhancement mediated by ZIKV E-specific and DENV-cross-reactive antibodies in both cell culture and mouse models. We thus report an alternative route for Flavivirus E protein secretion. These results suggest that modulation of E protein release via virions and EVs may present a new approach to regulating flavivirus-host interactions. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (84th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Dengue virus infected cells
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Immunoaffinity capture (non-commercial)
Ultrafiltratrion
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
Protein markers
EV: CD9/ Syntenin
non-EV: E
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
New methodological development
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
Vero 6
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell count
2,00E+08
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: rotor type
SW 41 Ti
Pelleting: speed (g)
100000
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100 kDa
Membrane type
Regenerated cellulose
Immunoaffinity capture
Selected surface protein(s)
CD9
Other
Name other separation method
Ultrafiltratrion
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Lysis buffer provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ Syntenin
Detected contaminants
E
Characterization: RNA analysis
RNA analysis
Type
RT(q)PCR
Database
No
Proteinase treatment
No
RNAse treatment
No
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
1 - 5 of 5
  • CM = Commercial method
  • dUC = differential ultracentrifugation
  • DG = density gradient
  • UF = ultrafiltration
  • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
EV-TRACK ID
EV210141
species
Homo sapiens
sample type
Cell culture
cell type
human
umbilical vein endothelial cells
human
umbilical vein endothelial cells
human
umbilical vein endothelial cells
human
umbilical vein endothelial cells
Vero 6
condition
ZIKV infected cells
ZIKV infected cells
ZIKV infected cells
Control condition
Dengue
virus infected cells
separation protocol
IAF capture
(non-commercial)/ Ultrafiltratrion/
dUC/ Density gradient
Ultrafiltratrion/
dUC/ Density gradient
Ultrafiltratrion/
dUC/ Density gradient
IAF capture
(non-commercial)/
Ultrafiltratrion/ dUC
IAF capture
(non-commercial)/
Ultrafiltratrion/ dUC
Exp. nr.
2
3
4
1
5
EV-METRIC %
89
89
75
67
44