Search > Results

You searched for: 2013 (Year of publication)

Showing 1 - 50 of 384

Experiment number
  • If needed, multiple experiments were identified in a single publication based on differing sample types, separation protocols and/or vesicle types of interest.
Species
  • Species of origin of the EVs.
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol.
    • (d)(U)C = (differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type/Isolation method
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type/Isolation method
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Isolation method
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Isolation method
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Vesicle type/Isolation method
Details EV-TRACK ID Experiment nr. Species Sample type Separation protocol First author Year EV-METRIC
EV130025 2/2 Salmonella enterica Bacteria (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Guidi R 2013 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Guidi R, Levi L, Rouf SF, Puiac S, Rhen M, Frisan T
Journal
Cell Microbiol
Abstract
Cytolethal-distending toxins (CDTs) belong to a family of DNA damage inducing exotoxins that are pro (show more...)Cytolethal-distending toxins (CDTs) belong to a family of DNA damage inducing exotoxins that are produced by several Gram-negative bacteria. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi expresses its CDT (named as Typhoid toxin) only in the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) of infected cells, which requires its export for cell intoxication. The mechanisms of secretion, release in the extracellular space and uptake by bystander cells are poorly understood. We have addressed these issues using a recombinant S. Typhimurium strain, MC71-CDT, where the genes encoding for the PltA, PltB and CdtB subunits of the Typhoid toxin are expressed under control of the endogenous promoters. MC71-CDT grown under conditions that mimic the SCV secreted the holotoxin in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Epithelial cells infected with MC71-CDT also secreted OMVs-like vesicles. The release of these extracellular vesicles required an intact SCV and relied on anterograde transport towards the cellular cortex on microtubule and actin tracks. Paracrine internalization of Typhoid toxin-loaded OMVs by bystander cells was dependent on dynamin-1, indicating active endocytosis. The subsequent induction of DNA damage required retrograde transport of the toxin through the Golgi complex. These data provide new insights on the mode of secretion of exotoxins by cells infected with intracellular bacteria. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (98th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Bacteria
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
OMV
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
602 (pelleting) / 602 (washing)
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.130
TEM measurements
50
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Salmonella enterica
Sample Type
Bacteria
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
TH641
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
602.0
Wash: Rotor Type
TH641
Wash: adjusted k-factor
602.0
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.2
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Bottom-up
Speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
50
EV130022 1/3 Homo sapiens
Mus musculus
NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Zhu H 2013 78%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Zhu H, Guariglia S, Yu RY, Li W, Brancho D, Peinado H, Lyden D, Salzer J, Bennett C, Chow CW
Journal
Mol Biol Cell
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is an inherited neurological disorder. Mutations in the small inte (show more...)Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is an inherited neurological disorder. Mutations in the small integral membrane protein of the lysosome/late endosome (SIMPLE) account for the rare autosomal-dominant demyelination in CMT1C patients. Understanding the molecular basis of CMT1C pathogenesis is impeded, in part, by perplexity about the role of SIMPLE, which is expressed in multiple cell types. Here we show that SIMPLE resides within the intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and inside exosomes, which are nanovesicles secreted extracellularly. Targeting of SIMPLE to exosomes is modulated by positive and negative regulatory motifs. We also find that expression of SIMPLE increases the number of exosomes and secretion of exosome proteins. We engineer a point mutation on the SIMPLE allele and generate a physiological mouse model that expresses CMT1C-mutated SIMPLE at the endogenous level. We find that CMT1C mouse primary embryonic fibroblasts show decreased number of exosomes and reduced secretion of exosome proteins, in part due to improper formation of MVBs. CMT1C patient B cells and CMT1C mouse primary Schwann cells show similar defects. Together the data indicate that SIMPLE regulates the production of exosomes by modulating the formation of MVBs. Dysregulated endosomal trafficking and changes in the landscape of exosome-mediated intercellular communications may place an overwhelming burden on the nervous system and account for CMT1C molecular pathogenesis. (hide)
EV-METRIC
78% (97th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ Hsc70/ SIMPLE/ Flotilin1/ Alix/ HSP70
non-EV: Tubulin
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.130
TEM measurements
40-100
Show all info
Study aim
Biogenesis/Sorting
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens / Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2.5
Orientation
Top-down
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD63/ Flotilin1/ HSP70/ Hsc70/ SIMPLE
Detected contaminants
Tubulin
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Hsc70/ SIMPLE
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
immune EM/ scanning EM
EM protein
SIMPLE
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
40-100
EV130001 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
Filtration
Yoshioka Y 2013 67%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Yoshioka Y, Konishi Y, Kosaka N, Katsuda T, Kato T, Ochiya T
Journal
J Extracell Vesicles
Abstract
Several cell types, including tumour cells, secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), and tumour-derived (show more...)Several cell types, including tumour cells, secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), and tumour-derived EVs play a role in cancer initiation and progression. These vesicles include both a common set of membrane and cytosolic proteins and origin-specific subsets of proteins that likely correlated to cell type-associated functions. To confirm the presence of EVs in the preparations, researchers have identified so-called EV marker proteins, including the tetraspanin family proteins and such cytosolic proteins as heat shock 70 kDa protein 4 (HSP70) and tumour susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101). However, studies have shown that some EV markers are not always present in all EVs, which not only complicates the identification of EVs but also precludes the quantitative evaluation of EV proteins. Thus, it is strongly required to explore well-conserved EV marker proteins that are present at similar levels, regardless of their tissue or cellular origin. In this study, we compared the presence of 11 well-known EV marker proteins by immunoblotting using EVs isolated from 4 human prostate cell lines and 5 human breast cell lines, including cancer cells with different phenotypes. We found that all the tested EVs were positive for CD9 and CD81, with similar abundance that was irrespective of the EV origin. In contrast, other EV marker proteins, such as TSG101, Rab-5b and CD63, were detected in an inconsistent manner, depending on the origin of the EVs. Thus, we propose that the detection of CD9 and/or CD81 should ensure the presence of EVs. (hide)
EV-METRIC
67% (94th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ Rab5b/ CD81/ Flotilin1/ Annexin2/ Actin/ HSP70/ Integrin-beta1/ Caveolin1/ CD9
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Biomarker
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
11
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD81/ CD9/ Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101/ Caveolin1/ Rab5b/ Annexin2/ Integrin-beta1/ Actin
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Caveolin1/ Rab5b/ Annexin2/ Integrin-beta1/ Actin
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130002 1/2 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Liang B 2013 67%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K
Journal
J Proteomics
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal type of cancer among all frequent gynecologic malignancies, becaus (show more...)Ovarian cancer is the most lethal type of cancer among all frequent gynecologic malignancies, because most patients present with advanced disease at diagnosis. Exosomes are important intercellular communication vehicles, released by various cell types. Here we presented firstly the protein profile of highly purified exosomes derived from two ovarian cancer cell lines, OVCAR-3 and IGROV1. The exosomes derived from ovarian cancer cell lines were round and mostly 30-100 nm in diameter when viewed under an electron microscope. The exosomal marker proteins TSG101 and Alix were detected in exosome preparations. The range of density was between 1.09 g/ml and 1.15 g/ml. A total of 2230 proteins were identified from two ovarian cell-derived exosomes. Among them, 1017 proteins were identified in both exosomes including all of the major exosomal protein markers. There were 380 proteins that are not reported in the ExoCarta database. In addition to common proteins from exosomes of various origins, our results showed that ovarian cancer-derived exosomes also carried tissue specific proteins associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis, especially in ovarian carcinoma. Based on the known roles of exosomes in cellular communication, these data indicate that exosomes released by ovarian cancer cells may play important roles in ovarian cancer progression and provide a potential source of blood-based protein biomarkers. (hide)
EV-METRIC
67% (94th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ EpCAM/ TSG101/ Actin
non-EV: hnRNPA2/ hnRNPK/ Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.1-1.14
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
80
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2.5
Orientation
Bottom-up
Speed (g)
120000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ TSG101/ EpCAM/ Actin
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein/ hnRNPA2/ hnRNPK
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
EpCAM/ Actin
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
cryo EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130018 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Skogberg G 2013 63%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Skogberg G, Gudmundsdottir J, van der Post S, Sandström K, Bruhn S, Benson M, Mincheva-Nilsson L, Baranov V, Telemo E, Ekwall O
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized membrane-bound vesicles that are released by various cell types and are capab (show more...)Exosomes are nanosized membrane-bound vesicles that are released by various cell types and are capable of carrying proteins, lipids and RNAs which can be delivered to recipient cells. Exosomes play a role in intercellular communication and have been described to mediate immunologic information. In this article we report the first isolation and characterization of exosomes from human thymic tissue. Using electron microscopy, particle size determination, density gradient measurement, flow cytometry, proteomic analysis and microRNA profiling we describe the morphology, size, density, protein composition and microRNA content of human thymic exosomes. The thymic exosomes share characteristics with previously described exosomes such as antigen presentation molecules, but they also exhibit thymus specific features regarding surface markers, protein content and microRNA profile. Interestingly, thymic exosomes carry proteins that have a tissue restricted expression in the periphery which may suggest a role in T cell selection and the induction of central tolerance. We speculate that thymic exosomes may provide the means for intercellular information exchange necessary for negative selection and regulatory T cell formation of the developing thymocytes within the human thymic medulla. (hide)
EV-METRIC
63% (93rd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ MFGE8/ CD81/ ICAM1/ MHC2/ CD9
non-EV: CD3/ EpCAM/ CD8/ TGF-beta/ CD4
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.15-1.19
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Orientation
Top-down
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
MHC2/ MFGE8/ ICAM1
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
MHC2/ MFGE8/ ICAM1
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130047 1/1 Mus musculus NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Näslund TI 2013 57%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Näslund TI, Gehrmann U, Qazi KR, Karlsson MC, Gabrielsson S
Journal
J Immunol
Abstract
Exosomes are secreted membrane nanovesicles of endosomal origin and are considered potential cancer (show more...)Exosomes are secreted membrane nanovesicles of endosomal origin and are considered potential cancer vaccine vectors. Phase I clinical trials have been successfully conducted with tumor peptide-loaded exosomes derived from dendritic cells (dexosomes), and a phase II clinical trial is ongoing. However, much is still unknown regarding the in vivo role of dexosomes and whether their immunogenicity can be enhanced. We previously reported that dexosomes induce CD4(+) T cell responses in a B cell-dependent manner, suggesting that immunization with dexosomes carrying only T cell peptides induce suboptimal immune responses. In this study, we show that CD8(+) T cell responses were induced in vivo when mice were immunized with protein-loaded, but not peptide-loaded, dexosomes. We also show that the cytotoxic T cell response was totally dependent on CD4(+) T cells and, interestingly, also on B cells. Mice deficient in complement activation and Ag shuttling by B cells have lower responses to protein-loaded dexosomes, showing involvement of these B cell-mediated mechanisms. Finally, protein-loaded dexosomes were superior in protecting against tumor growth. In conclusion, proper activation of CD4(+) T and B cells needs to be considered when designing cancer vaccines to ensure full potential of the treatment. (hide)
EV-METRIC
57% (92nd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: CD81/ MHC2/ CD9
non-EV: CD80/ CD54/ CD86
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.11-1.19
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
130
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Top-down
Speed (g)
80000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
MHC2
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
MHC2
Flow cytometry specific beads
Antibody details provided?
No
Antibody dilution provided?
No
Selected surface protein(s)
Yes
Characterization: Particle analysis
DLS
EV130022 2/3 Homo sapiens CMT1C patient B cells (d)(U)C
DG
Zhu H 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Zhu H, Guariglia S, Yu RY, Li W, Brancho D, Peinado H, Lyden D, Salzer J, Bennett C, Chow CW
Journal
Mol Biol Cell
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is an inherited neurological disorder. Mutations in the small inte (show more...)Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is an inherited neurological disorder. Mutations in the small integral membrane protein of the lysosome/late endosome (SIMPLE) account for the rare autosomal-dominant demyelination in CMT1C patients. Understanding the molecular basis of CMT1C pathogenesis is impeded, in part, by perplexity about the role of SIMPLE, which is expressed in multiple cell types. Here we show that SIMPLE resides within the intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and inside exosomes, which are nanovesicles secreted extracellularly. Targeting of SIMPLE to exosomes is modulated by positive and negative regulatory motifs. We also find that expression of SIMPLE increases the number of exosomes and secretion of exosome proteins. We engineer a point mutation on the SIMPLE allele and generate a physiological mouse model that expresses CMT1C-mutated SIMPLE at the endogenous level. We find that CMT1C mouse primary embryonic fibroblasts show decreased number of exosomes and reduced secretion of exosome proteins, in part due to improper formation of MVBs. CMT1C patient B cells and CMT1C mouse primary Schwann cells show similar defects. Together the data indicate that SIMPLE regulates the production of exosomes by modulating the formation of MVBs. Dysregulated endosomal trafficking and changes in the landscape of exosome-mediated intercellular communications may place an overwhelming burden on the nervous system and account for CMT1C molecular pathogenesis. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
CMT1C patient B cells
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: SIMPLE/ Alix/ Clathrin HC/ CD63
non-EV: Tubulin
Proteomics
no
TEM measurements
>100
Show all info
Study aim
Biogenesis/Sorting
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
CMT1C patient B cells
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2.5
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD63/ "SIMPLE/ Clathrin HC"
Detected contaminants
Tubulin
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
"SIMPLE/ Clathrin HC"
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
scanning EM
Image type
Wide-field
Report size (nm)
>100
EV130058 1/1 Trichomonas vaginalis Parasite (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Twu O 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Twu O, de Miguel N, Lustig G, Stevens GC, Vashisht AA, Wohlschlegel JA, Johnson PJ
Journal
PLoS Pathog
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis is a common sexually transmitted parasite that colonizes the human urogential (show more...)Trichomonas vaginalis is a common sexually transmitted parasite that colonizes the human urogential tract where it remains extracellular and adheres to epithelial cells. Infections range from asymptomatic to highly inflammatory, depending on the host and the parasite strain. Here, we use a combination of methodologies including cell fractionation, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, RNA, proteomic and cytokine analyses and cell adherence assays to examine pathogenic properties of T. vaginalis. We have found that T.vaginalis produces and secretes microvesicles with physical and biochemical properties similar to mammalian exosomes. The parasite-derived exosomes are characterized by the presence of RNA and core, conserved exosomal proteins as well as parasite-specific proteins. We demonstrate that T. vaginalis exosomes fuse with and deliver their contents to host cells and modulate host cell immune responses. Moreover, exosomes from highly adherent parasite strains increase the adherence of poorly adherent parasites to vaginal and prostate epithelial cells. In contrast, exosomes from poorly adherent strains had no measurable effect on parasite adherence. Exosomes from parasite strains that preferentially bind prostate cells increased binding of parasites to these cells relative to vaginal cells. In addition to establishing that parasite exosomes act to modulate host?parasite interactions, these studies are the first to reveal a potential role for exosomes in promoting parasite?parasite communication and host cell colonization. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Parasite
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Adj. k-factor
25.32 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: Tspan1
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.03-1.25
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Trichomonas vaginalis
Sample Type
Parasite
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
75
Pelleting: rotor type
TLA100
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
25.32
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
2
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Bottom-up
Speed (g)
100000
Pelleting-wash: volume per pellet (mL)
3
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Tspan1
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Tspan1
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up
EV130017 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Salomon C 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Salomon C, Kobayashi M, Ashman K, Sobrevia L, Mitchell MD, Rice GE
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Migration of extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) into decidua and myometrium is a critical process in th (show more...)Migration of extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) into decidua and myometrium is a critical process in the conversion of maternal spiral arterioles and establishing placenta perfusion. EVT migration is affected by cell-to-cell communication and oxygen tension. While the release of exosomes from placental cells has been identified as a significant pathway in materno-fetal communication, the role of placental-derived exosomes in placentation has yet to be established. The aim of this study was to establish the effect of oxygen tension on the release and bioactivity of cytotrophoblast (CT)-derived exosomes on EVT invasion and proliferation. CT were isolated from first trimester fetal tissue (n = 12) using a trypsin-deoxyribonuclease-dispase/Percoll method. CT were cultured under 8%, 3% or 1% O2 for 48 h. Exosomes from CT-conditioned media were isolated by differential and buoyant density centrifugation. The effect of oxygen tension on exosome release (µg exosomal protein/10(6)cells/48 h) and bioactivity were established. HTR-8/SVneo (EVT) were used as target cells to establish the effect (bioactivity) of exosomes on invasion and proliferation as assessed by real-time, live-cell imaging (Incucyte™). The release and bioactivity of CT-derived exosomes were inversely correlated with oxygen tension (p<0.001). Under low oxygen tensions (i.e. 1% O2), CT-derived exosomes promoted EVT invasion and proliferation. Proteomic analysis of exosomes identified oxygen-dependent changes in protein content. We propose that in response to changes in oxygen tension, CTs modify the bioactivity of exosomes, thereby, regulating EVT phenotype. Exosomal induction of EVT migration may represent a normal process of placentation and/or an adaptive response to placental hypoxia. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
266.3 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: CD81/ PLAP/ CD63/ CD9
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.15-1.2
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
75
Pelleting: rotor type
SureSpin630/36
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
266.3
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Top-down
Speed (g)
110000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD81/ CD9/ PLAP
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
PLAP
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130024 2/2 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Narayanan A 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Narayanan A, Iordanskiy S, Das R, Van Duyne R, Santos S, Jaworski E, Guendel I, Sampey G, Dalby E, Iglesias-Ussel M, Popratiloff A, Hakami R, Kehn-Hall K, Young M, Subra C, Gilbert C, Bailey C, Romerio F, Kashanchi F
Journal
J Biol Chem
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles produced by healthy and virus-infected cells. Exosomes derived from (show more...)Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles produced by healthy and virus-infected cells. Exosomes derived from infected cells have been shown to contain viral microRNAs (miRNAs). HIV-1 encodes its own miRNAs that regulate viral and host gene expression. The most abundant HIV-1-derived miRNA, first reported by us and later by others using deep sequencing, is the trans-activation response element (TAR) miRNA. In this study, we demonstrate the presence of TAR RNA in exosomes from cell culture supernatants of HIV-1-infected cells and patient sera. TAR miRNA was not in Ago2 complexes outside the exosomes but enclosed within the exosomes. We detected the host miRNA machinery proteins Dicer and Drosha in exosomes from infected cells. We report that transport of TAR RNA from the nucleus into exosomes is a CRM1 (chromosome region maintenance 1)-dependent active process. Prior exposure of naive cells to exosomes from infected cells increased susceptibility of the recipient cells to HIV-1 infection. Exosomal TAR RNA down-regulated apoptosis by lowering Bim and Cdk9 proteins in recipient cells. We found 10(4)-10(6) copies/ml TAR RNA in exosomes derived from infected culture supernatants and 10(3) copies/ml TAR RNA in the serum exosomes of highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated patients or long term nonprogressors. Taken together, our experiments demonstrated that HIV-1-infected cells produced exosomes that are uniquely characterized by their proteomic and RNA profiles that may contribute to disease pathology in AIDS. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ AChE/ Beta-actin/ CD63/ HSP70
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.075
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
6
Highest density fraction
18
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
70Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD63/ HSP70/ AChE/ Beta-actin
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
AChE/ Beta-actin
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up
EV130044 1/1 Rattus norvegicus/rattus NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Lopez-Verrilli MA 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Lopez-Verrilli MA, Picou F, Court FA
Journal
Glia
Abstract
Axonal regeneration in the peripheral nervous system is greatly supported by Schwann cells (SCs). Af (show more...)Axonal regeneration in the peripheral nervous system is greatly supported by Schwann cells (SCs). After nerve injury, SCs dedifferentiate to a progenitor-like state and efficiently guide axons to their original target tissues. Contact and soluble factors participate in the crosstalk between SCs and axons during axonal regeneration. Here we show that dedifferentiated SCs secrete nano-vesicles known as exosomes which are specifically internalized by axons. Surprisingly, SC-derived exosomes markedly increase axonal regeneration in vitro and enhance regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in vivo. Exosomes shift the growth cone morphology to a pro-regenerating phenotype and decrease the activity of the GTPase RhoA, involved in growth cone collapse and axon retraction. Altogether, our work identifies a novel mechanism by which SCs communicate with neighboring axons during regenerative processes. We propose that SC exosomes represent an important mechanism by which these cells locally support axonal maintenance and regeneration after nerve damage. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Adj. k-factor
157.9 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: HSP90/ HSP70/ TSG101/ Flotilin1/ CD63
non-EV: Rab5
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.12-1.14
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Rattus norvegicus/rattus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
T865
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
157.9
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Bottom-up
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ Flotilin1/ HSP90/ HSP70/ TSG101
Detected contaminants
Rab5
Flow cytometry specific beads
Antibody details provided?
No
Antibody dilution provided?
No
Selected surface protein(s)
Yes
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
immune EM
EM protein
p75NTR
Image type
Close-up
EV130002 2/2 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Liang B 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K
Journal
J Proteomics
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal type of cancer among all frequent gynecologic malignancies, becaus (show more...)Ovarian cancer is the most lethal type of cancer among all frequent gynecologic malignancies, because most patients present with advanced disease at diagnosis. Exosomes are important intercellular communication vehicles, released by various cell types. Here we presented firstly the protein profile of highly purified exosomes derived from two ovarian cancer cell lines, OVCAR-3 and IGROV1. The exosomes derived from ovarian cancer cell lines were round and mostly 30-100 nm in diameter when viewed under an electron microscope. The exosomal marker proteins TSG101 and Alix were detected in exosome preparations. The range of density was between 1.09 g/ml and 1.15 g/ml. A total of 2230 proteins were identified from two ovarian cell-derived exosomes. Among them, 1017 proteins were identified in both exosomes including all of the major exosomal protein markers. There were 380 proteins that are not reported in the ExoCarta database. In addition to common proteins from exosomes of various origins, our results showed that ovarian cancer-derived exosomes also carried tissue specific proteins associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis, especially in ovarian carcinoma. Based on the known roles of exosomes in cellular communication, these data indicate that exosomes released by ovarian cancer cells may play important roles in ovarian cancer progression and provide a potential source of blood-based protein biomarkers. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ EpCAM/ TSG101/ actin
non-EV: hnRNPA2/ hnRNPK/ Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.1-1.14
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
80
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2.5
Orientation
Bottom-up
Speed (g)
120000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ TSG101/ EpCAM/ actin
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein/ hnRNPA2/ hnRNPK
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
EpCAM/ actin
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130042 1/1 Mus musculus NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Kotzerke K 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Kotzerke K, Mempel M, Aung T, Wulf GG, Urlaub H, Wenzel D, Schön MP, Braun A
Journal
Exp Dermatol
Abstract
It has long been known that keratinocytes influence cutaneous immunity through secretion of soluble (show more...)It has long been known that keratinocytes influence cutaneous immunity through secretion of soluble factors. Exosomes, small membrane vesicles of endocytotic origin, have been implicated in intercellular communication processes such as the transfer of tumor cell antigens and the activation of recipient dendritic cells (DC). However, little is known about immunomodulatory functions of keratinocyte-derived exosomes. To address this question, we analysed exosome secretion of the murine keratinocyte cell line MPEK under steady state as well as inflammatory conditions (+/- IFN?). These exosomes were readily taken up by bone marrow-derived DC (BMDC) in vitro resulting in a matured phenotype, as evidenced by increased CD40 expression as well as by the production of large amounts of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12. When the transfer of antigen-specific information through exosomes was investigated, it was found that keratinocytes took up antigen (ovalbumin) and transferred it to their exosomes. However, these antigen-harbouring exosomes failed to induce antigen-specific T cell responses via BMDC. Together, this novel biological function suggests that keratinocytes are able to direct unspecific immune processes but do not elicit specific immune responses. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
256 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ Flotillin
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.100
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
150
Pelleting: rotor type
SW32
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
256.0
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2.25
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW32
Speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ Flotillin
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotillin
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up
EV130073 5/5 Homo sapiens Blood plasma DG
Filtration
Kalra H 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Kalra H, Adda CG, Liem M, Ang CS, Mechler A, Simpson RJ, Hulett MD, Mathivanan S
Journal
Proteomics
Abstract
Exosomes are nanovesicles released by a variety of cells and are detected in body fluids including b (show more...)Exosomes are nanovesicles released by a variety of cells and are detected in body fluids including blood. Recent studies have highlighted the critical application of exosomes as personalized targeted drug delivery vehicles and as reservoirs of disease biomarkers. While these research applications have created significant interest and can be translated into practice, the stability of exosomes needs to be assessed and exosome isolation protocols from blood plasma need to be optimized. To optimize methods to isolate exosomes from blood plasma, we performed a comparative evaluation of three exosome isolation techniques (differential centrifugation coupled with ultracentrifugation, epithelial cell adhesion molecule immunoaffinity pull-down, and OptiPrep(TM) density gradient separation) using normal human plasma. Based on MS, Western blotting and microscopy results, we found that the OptiPrep(TM) density gradient method was superior in isolating pure exosomal populations, devoid of highly abundant plasma proteins. In addition, we assessed the stability of exosomes in plasma over 90 days under various storage conditions. Western blotting analysis using the exosomal marker, TSG101, revealed that exosomes are stable for 90 days. Interestingly, in the context of cellular uptake, the isolated exosomes were able to fuse with target cells revealing that they were indeed biologically active. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (88th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Blood plasma
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ Flotilin1/ Alix/ TFRC/ HSP70/ CD9
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.12-1.24
Show all info
Study aim
Technical
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Blood plasma
Separation Method
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Orientation
Top-down
Speed (g)
100000
Pelleting-wash: volume per pellet (mL)
1.5
Filtration steps
0.2µm > x > 0.1µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD63/ CD9/ Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101/ TFRC
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
TFRC
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM/ atomic force EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130005 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C Honegger A 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Honegger A, Leitz J, Bulkescher J, Hoppe-Seyler K, Hoppe-Seyler F
Journal
Int J Cancer
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 oncogenes play a crucial role in the HPV-induced carcinogenesis (show more...)The human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 oncogenes play a crucial role in the HPV-induced carcinogenesis. In this study, the authors investigated whether silencing of endogenous HPV E6/E7 expression may influence the contents or amounts of extracellular microvesicles (eMVs) released from HPV-positive cancer cells. It was found that eMVs secreted from HeLa cells are enriched for Survivin protein. RNA interference studies revealed that maintenance of both intracellular and microvesicular Survivin amounts was strongly dependent on continuous E6/E7 expression. This indicates that intracellular HPV activities are translated into visible alterations of protein contents in eMVs. Besides Survivin, eMVs from HeLa cells contain additional members of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family (XIAP, c-IAP1 and Livin). In contrast, no evidence for the presence of the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins in eMVs was obtained. Moreover, it was found that silencing of HPV E6/E7 expression led to a significant increase of exosomes-representing eMVs of endocytic origin-released from HeLa cells. This effect was associated with the reinduction of p53, stimulation of the p53 target genes TSAP6 and CHMP4C that can enhance exosome production and induction of senescence. Taken together, these results show that silencing of HPV E6/E7 oncogene expression profoundly affects both the composition and amounts of eMVs secreted by HPV-positive cancer cells. This indicates that HPVs can induce molecular signatures in eMVs that may affect intercellular communication and could be explored for diagnostic purposes. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
microvesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Adj. k-factor
253.9 (pelleting) / 253.9 (washing)
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ Survivin/ CD63/ Hsc70/ Annexin1/ Beta-actin/ CD9
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Biogenesis/Sorting
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
SW28
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
253.9
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
36
Wash: Rotor Type
SW28
Wash: adjusted k-factor
253.9
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD9/ TSG101/ Beta-actin/ Annexin1/ Hsc70/ Survivin
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Beta-actin/ Annexin1/ Hsc70/ Survivin
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130009 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Microfluidics
Frühbeis C 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Frühbeis C, Fröhlich D, Kuo WP, Amphornrat J, Thilemann S, Saab AS, Kirchhoff F, Möbius W, Goebbels S, Nave KA, Schneider A, Simons M, Klugmann M, Trotter J, Krämer-Albers EM
Journal
PLoS Biol
Abstract
Reciprocal interactions between neurons and oligodendrocytes are not only crucial for myelination, b (show more...)Reciprocal interactions between neurons and oligodendrocytes are not only crucial for myelination, but also for long-term survival of axons. Degeneration of axons occurs in several human myelin diseases, however the molecular mechanisms of axon-glia communication maintaining axon integrity are poorly understood. Here, we describe the signal-mediated transfer of exosomes from oligodendrocytes to neurons. These endosome-derived vesicles are secreted by oligodendrocytes and carry specific protein and RNA cargo. We show that activity-dependent release of the neurotransmitter glutamate triggers oligodendroglial exosome secretion mediated by Ca²? entry through oligodendroglial NMDA and AMPA receptors. In turn, neurons internalize the released exosomes by endocytosis. Injection of oligodendroglia-derived exosomes into the mouse brain results in functional retrieval of exosome cargo in neurons. Supply of cultured neurons with oligodendroglial exosomes improves neuronal viability under conditions of cell stress. These findings indicate that oligodendroglial exosomes participate in a novel mode of bidirectional neuron-glia communication contributing to neuronal integrity. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (90th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Microfluidics
Adj. k-factor
276.6 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ HSP70/ TSG101/ CD9
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.120
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Pelleting: rotor type
SW40
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
276.6
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.3
Highest density fraction
1.8
Orientation
Top-down
Other
Name other separation method
Microfluidics
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD9/ HSP70/ TSG101
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130023 2/2 Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila (d)(U)C
DG
Beckett K 2013 56%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Beckett K, Monier S, Palmer L, Alexandre C, Green H, Bonneil E, Raposo G, Thibault P, Le Borgne R, Vincent JP
Journal
Traffic
Abstract
Wingless acts as a morphogen in Drosophila wing discs, where it specifies cell fates and controls gr (show more...)Wingless acts as a morphogen in Drosophila wing discs, where it specifies cell fates and controls growth several cell diameters away from its site of expression. Thus, despite being acylated and membrane associated, Wingless spreads in the extracellular space. Recent studies have focussed on identifying the route that Wingless follows in the secretory pathway and determining how it is packaged for release. We have found that, in medium conditioned by Wingless-expressing Drosophila S2 cells, Wingless is present on exosome-like vesicles and that this fraction activates signal transduction. Proteomic analysis shows that Wingless-containing exosome-like structures contain many Drosophila proteins that are homologous to mammalian exosome proteins. In addition, Evi, a multipass transmembrane protein, is also present on exosome-like vesicles. Using these exosome markers and a cell-based RNAi assay, we found that the small GTPase Rab11 contributes significantly to exosome production. This finding allows us to conclude from in vivo Rab11 knockdown experiments, that exosomes are unlikely to contribute to Wingless secretion and gradient formation in wing discs. Consistent with this conclusion, extracellularly tagged Evi expressed from a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome is not released from imaginal disc Wingless-expressing cells. (hide)
EV-METRIC
56% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Drosophila
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: Wg
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.14-1.19
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Drosophila melanogaster
Sample Type
Drosophila
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
90
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Bottom-up
Speed (g)
100000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Wg
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Wg
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
immune EM
EM protein
HA-Wg
Image type
Wide-field
EV130021 1/1 Canis familiaris NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Tauro BJ 2013 50%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Tauro BJ, Mathias RA, Greening DW, Gopal SK, Ji H, Kapp EA, Coleman BM, Hill AF, Kusebauch U, Hallows JL, Shteynberg D, Moritz RL, Zhu HJ, Simpson RJ
Journal
Mol Cell Proteomics
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved morphogenic process defined by the los (show more...)Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved morphogenic process defined by the loss of epithelial characteristics and the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype. EMT is associated with increased aggressiveness, invasiveness, and metastatic potential in carcinoma cells. To assess the contribution of extracellular vesicles following EMT, we conducted a proteomic analysis of exosomes released from Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, and MDCK cells transformed with oncogenic H-Ras (21D1 cells). Exosomes are 40-100 nm membranous vesicles originating from the inward budding of late endosomes and multivesicular bodies and are released from cells on fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane. Exosomes from MDCK cells (MDCK-Exos) and 21D1 cells (21D1-Exos) were purified from cell culture media using density gradient centrifugation (OptiPrep™), and protein content identified by GeLC-MS/MS proteomic profiling. Both MDCK- and 21D1-Exos populations were morphologically similar by cryo-electron microscopy and contained stereotypical exosome marker proteins such as TSG101, Alix, and CD63. In this study we show that the expression levels of typical EMT hallmark proteins seen in whole cells correlate with those observed in MDCK- and 21D1-Exos, i.e. reduction of characteristic inhibitor of angiogenesis, thrombospondin-1, and epithelial markers E-cadherin, and EpCAM, with a concomitant up-regulation of mesenchymal makers such as vimentin. Further, we reveal that 21D1-Exos are enriched with several proteases (e.g. MMP-1, -14, -19, ADAM-10, and ADAMTS1), and integrins (e.g. ITGB1, ITGA3, and ITGA6) that have been recently implicated in regulating the tumor microenvironment to promote metastatic progression. A salient finding of this study was the unique presence of key transcriptional regulators (e.g. the master transcriptional regulator YBX1) and core splicing complex components (e.g. SF3B1, SF3B3, and SFRS1) in mesenchymal 21D1-Exos. Taken together, our findings reveal that exosomes from Ras-transformed MDCK cells are reprogrammed with factors which may be capable of inducing EMT in recipient cells. (hide)
EV-METRIC
50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ EpCAM/ TSG101
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.090
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Canis familiaris
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Orientation
Top-down
Speed (g)
100000
Pelleting-wash: volume per pellet (mL)
1
Filtration steps
0.2µm > x > 0.1µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ TSG101/ EpCAM
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
EpCAM
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
cryo EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130003 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
ExoQuick
Camacho L 2013 50%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Camacho L, Guerrero P, Marchetti D
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Exosomes are small membrane vesicles released by most cell types including tumor cells. The intercel (show more...)Exosomes are small membrane vesicles released by most cell types including tumor cells. The intercellular exchange of proteins and genetic material via exosomes is a potentially effective approach for cell-to-cell communication and it may perform multiple functions aiding to tumor survival and metastasis. We investigated microRNA and protein profiles of brain metastatic (BM) versus non-brain metastatic (non-BM) cell-derived exosomes. We studied the cargo of exosomes isolated from brain-tropic 70W, MDA-MB-231BR, and circulating tumor cell brain metastasis-selected markers (CTC1BMSM) variants, and compared them with parental non-BM MeWo, MDA-MB-231P and CTC1P cells, respectively. By performing microRNA PCR array we identified one up-regulated (miR-210) and two down-regulated miRNAs (miR-19a and miR-29c) in BM versus non-BM exosomes. Second, we analyzed the proteomic content of cells and exosomes isolated from these six cell lines, and detected high expression of proteins implicated in cell communication, cell cycle, and in key cancer invasion and metastasis pathways. Third, we show that BM cell-derived exosomes can be internalized by non-BM cells and that they effectively transport their cargo into cells, resulting in increased cell adhesive and invasive potencies. These results provide a strong rationale for additional investigations of exosomal proteins and miRNAs towards more profound understandings of exosome roles in brain metastasis biogenesis, and for the discovery and application of non-invasive biomarkers for new therapies combating brain metastasis. (hide)
EV-METRIC
50% (87th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
ExoQuick
Adj. k-factor
79.91 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: CD81/ CD63/ CD9
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
79.91
Commercial kit
ExoQuick
Other
Name other separation method
ExoQuick
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD81/ CD9
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up
EV130137 3/3 Mus musculus
Rattus norvegicus/rattus
NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Royo F 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Royo F, Schlangen K, Palomo L, Gonzalez E, Conde-Vancells J, Berisa A, Aransay AM, Falcon-Perez JM
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
The discovery that the cells communicate through emission of vesicles has opened new opportunities f (show more...)The discovery that the cells communicate through emission of vesicles has opened new opportunities for better understanding of physiological and pathological mechanisms. This discovery also provides a novel source for non-invasive disease biomarker research. Our group has previously reported that hepatocytes release extracellular vesicles with protein content reflecting the cell-type of origin. Here, we show that the extracellular vesicles released by hepatocytes also carry RNA. We report the messenger RNA composition of extracellular vesicles released in two non-tumoral hepatic models: primary culture of rat hepatocytes and a progenitor cell line obtained from a mouse foetal liver. We describe different subpopulations of extracellular vesicles with different densities and protein and RNA content. We also show that the RNA cargo of extracellular vesicles released by primary hepatocytes can be transferred to rat liver stellate-like cells and promote their activation. Finally, we provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that liver-damaging drugs galactosamine, acetaminophen, and diclofenac modify the RNA content of these vesicles. To summarize, we show that the extracellular vesicles secreted by hepatocytes contain various RNAs. These vesicles, likely to be involved in the activation of stellate cells, might become a new source for non-invasive identification of the liver toxicity markers. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: CD81/ TSG101/ Flotilin1/ Aip1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.12-1.2;1.19-1.23
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Mus musculus / Rattus norvegicus/rattus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ Flotilin1/ TSG101/ Aip1
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Aip1
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
cryo EM
Image type
Close-up
EV130016 1/1 Homo sapiens Urine (d)(U)C
DG
Raimondo F 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Raimondo F, Morosi L, Corbetta S, Chinello C, Brambilla P, Della Mina P, Villa A, Albo G, Battaglia C, Bosari S, Magni F, Pitto M
Journal
Mol Biosyst
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for about 3% of all human malignancies and its incidence is incr (show more...)Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for about 3% of all human malignancies and its incidence is increasing. There are no standard biomarkers currently used in the clinical management of patients with renal cell carcinoma. A promising strategy for new biomarker detection is comparative proteomics of urinary exosomes (UE), nanovesicles released by every epithelial cell facing the urinary space, enriched in renal proteins and excluding high-abundance plasmatic proteins, such as albumin. Aim of the work is to establish the protein profile of exosomes isolated from urines of RCC patient compared with control subjects. We enrolled 29 clear cell RCC patients and 23 control healthy subjects (CTRL), age and sex-matched, for urine collection and vesicle isolation by differential centrifugation. Such vesicles were morphologically and biochemically characterized and proved to share exosome properties. Proteomic analysis, performed on 9 urinary exosome (UE) pooled samples by gel based digestion followed by LC-MS/MS, led to the identification of 261 proteins from CTRL subject UE and 186 from RCC patient UE, and demonstrated that most of the identified proteins are membrane associated or cytoplasmic. Moreover, about a half of identified proteins are not shared between RCC and control UE. Starting from these observations, and from the literature, we selected a panel of 10 proteins, whose UE differential content was subjected to immunoblotting validation. Results show for the first time that RCC UE protein content is substantially and reproducibly different from control UE, and that these differences may provide clues for new RCC biomarker discovery. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (80th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ Flotilin1/ Syntenin/ AQP1/ DKK4/ EMMPRIN/ Podocalyxin/ CAIX/ CD9/ CD10/ MMP9/ CP/ DPEP1
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.100
TEM measurements
41.1+-12.7
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Orientation
Top-down
Speed (g)
100000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ Flotilin1/ Syntenin/ TSG101/ CD10/ EMMPRIN/ DPEP1/ CP/ MMP9/ Podocalyxin/ CAIX/ DKK4/ AQP1
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD10/ EMMPRIN/ DPEP1/ CP/ MMP9/ Podocalyxin/ CAIX/ DKK4/ AQP1
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
Report size (nm)
41.1+-12.7
EV130048 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C Pallet N 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Pallet N, Sirois I, Bell C, Hanafi LA, Hamelin K, Dieudé M, Rondeau C, Thibault P, Desjardins M, Hebert MJ
Journal
Proteomics
Abstract
The stress status of the apoptotic cell can promote phenotypic changes that have important consequen (show more...)The stress status of the apoptotic cell can promote phenotypic changes that have important consequences on the immunogenicity of the dying cell. Autophagy is one of the biological processes activated in response to a stressful condition. It is an important mediator of intercellular communications, both by regulating the unconventional secretion of molecules, including interleukin 1?, and by regulating the extracellular release of ATP from early stage apoptotic cells. Additionally, autophagic components can be released in a caspase-dependent manner by serum-starved human endothelial cells that have engaged apoptotic and autophagic processes. The nature and the components of the extracellular vesicles released by dying autophagic cells are not known. In this study, we have identified extracellular membrane vesicles that are released by human endothelial cells undergoing apoptosis and autophagy, and characterized their biochemical, ultrastructural, morphological properties as well as their proteome. These extracellular vesicles differ from classical apoptotic bodies because they do not contain nucleus components and are released independently of Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 activation. Instead, they are enriched with autophagosomes and mitochondria and convey various danger signals, including ATP, suggesting that they could be involved in the modulation of innate immunity. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
Membrane(-derived) vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Adj. k-factor
511.7 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: HSP90/ LAMP2/ VDAC
non-EV: Annexin2/ Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 50,000 g and 100,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
20
Pelleting: rotor type
SW41
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
511.7
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
HSP90/ LAMP2/ VDAC
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein/ Annexin2
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
LAMP2/ VDAC
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130046 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Nanbo A 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Nanbo A, Kawanishi E, Yoshida R, Yoshiyama H
Journal
J Virol
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human gammaherpesvirus, establishes a lifelong latent infection in B lym (show more...)Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human gammaherpesvirus, establishes a lifelong latent infection in B lymphocytes and epithelial cells following primary infection. Several lines of evidence suggest that exosomes derived from EBV-infected cells are internalized and transfer viral factors, including EBV-encoded latent membrane protein and microRNAs, to the recipient cells. However, the detailed mechanism by which exosomes are internalized and their physiological impact on the recipient cells are still poorly understood. In this study, we visualized the internalization of fluorescently labeled exosomes derived from EBV-uninfected and EBV-infected B cells of type I and type III latency into EBV-negative epithelial cells. In this way, we demonstrated that exosomes derived from all three cell types were internalized into the target cells in a similar fashion. Internalization of exosomes was significantly suppressed by treatment with an inhibitor of dynamin and also by the knockdown of caveolin-1. Labeled exosomes were colocalized with caveolae and subsequently trafficked through endocytic pathways. Moreover, we observed that exosomes derived from type III latency cells upregulated proliferation and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the recipient cells more significantly than did those derived from EBV-negative and type I latency cells. We also identified the EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) gene as responsible for induction of ICAM-1 expression. Taken together, our data indicate that exosomes released from EBV-infected B cells are internalized via caveola-dependent endocytosis, which, in turn, contributes to phenotypic changes in the recipient cells through transferring one or more viral factors. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Adj. k-factor
253.9 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: CD63
non-EV: LMP1
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 50,000 g and 100,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Pelleting: rotor type
SW28
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
253.9
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2.5
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63
Detected contaminants
LMP1
Characterization: Particle analysis
None
EV130015 1/1 Homo sapiens Urine (d)(U)C Musante L 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Musante L, Saraswat M, Ravidà A, Byrne B, Holthofer H
Journal
Nephrol Dial Transplant
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Urinary vesicles represent a newly established source of biological material, widely con (show more...)BACKGROUND: Urinary vesicles represent a newly established source of biological material, widely considered to faithfully represent pathological events in the kidneys and the urogenital epithelium. The majority of currently applied isolation protocols involve cumbersome centrifugation steps to enrich vesicles from urine. To date, the efficiency of these approaches has not been investigated with respect to performing quantitative and qualitative analyses of vesicle populations in the pellet and supernatant (SN) fractions. METHODS: After the series of differential centrifugations, the final SN was reduced to one-twentieth of the original volume by ammonium sulphate precipitation, with the precipitate pellet subjected to another round of differential centrifugations. Electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and western blot analysis were used to characterize the vesicles present in individual fractions of interest. RESULTS: Pellets obtained after the second set of centrifugations at 200 000 g revealed the presence of vesicles which share a common marker profile, but with distinct differences from those seen in the initial 200 000 g pellet used as the reference. This suggests an enrichment of previously uncharacterized urinary vesicles still in solution after the initial centrifugation steps. Analysis of protein yields recovered post-ultracentrifugation revealed an additional 40% of vesicles retained from the SN. Moreover, these structures showed a formidable resistance to harsh treatments (e.g. 95% ammonium sulphate saturation, hypotonic dialysis, 0.3 M sodium hydroxide). CONCLUSIONS: Methods which employ differential centrifugations of native urine are remarkably ineffective and may lose a substantial population of biologically important vesicle species. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (80th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
Nano(-sized) vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Adj. k-factor
78.45 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: CD81/ TSG101/ Beta-actin/ AQP2/ Podocin
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Technical
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
70Ti
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
78.45
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD81/ TSG101/ AQP2/ Podocin/ Beta-actin
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
AQP2/ Podocin/ Beta-actin
Characterization: Particle analysis
DLS
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130014 1/1 Homo sapiens
Mus musculus
NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Li J 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Li J, Liu K, Liu Y, Xu Y, Zhang F, Yang H, Liu J, Pan T, Chen J, Wu M, Zhou X, Yuan Z
Journal
Nat Immunol
Abstract
The cell-to-cell transmission of viral resistance is a potential mechanism for amplifying the interf (show more...)The cell-to-cell transmission of viral resistance is a potential mechanism for amplifying the interferon-induced antiviral response. In this study, we report that interferon-? (IFN-?) induced the transfer of resistance to hepatitis B virus (HBV) from nonpermissive liver nonparenchymal cells (LNPCs) to permissive hepatocytes via exosomes. Exosomes from IFN-?-treated LNPCs were rich in molecules with antiviral activity. Moreover, exosomes from LNPCs were internalized by hepatocytes, which mediated the intercellular transfer of antiviral molecules. Finally, we found that exosomes also contributed to the antiviral response of IFN-? to mouse hepatitis virus A59 and adenovirus in mice. Thus, we propose an antiviral mechanism of IFN-? activity that involves the induction and intercellular transfer of antiviral molecules via exosomes. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ TSG101/ HSP90/ CD63/ LAMP2
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.1-1.19
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens / Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.25
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Bottom-up
Speed (g)
210000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD63/ HSP90/ TSG101/ LAMP2
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
LAMP2
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130012 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
Filtration
Katsuda T 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Katsuda T, Tsuchiya R, Kosaka N, Yoshioka Y, Takagaki K, Oki K, Takeshita F, Sakai Y, Kuroda M, Ochiya T
Journal
Sci Rep
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of ?-amyloid peptide (A?) in the brain (show more...)Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of ?-amyloid peptide (A?) in the brain because of an imbalance between A? production and clearance. Neprilysin (NEP) is the most important A?-degrading enzyme in the brain. Thus, researchers have explored virus-mediated NEP gene delivery. However, such strategies may entail unexpected risks, and thus exploration of a new possibility for NEP delivery is also required. Here, we show that human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) secrete exosomes carrying enzymatically active NEP. The NEP-specific activity level of 1 ?g protein from ADSC-derived exosomes was equivalent to that of ~ 0.3 ng of recombinant human NEP. Of note, ADSC-derived exosomes were transferred into N2a cells, and were suggested to decrease both secreted and intracellular A? levels in the N2a cells. Importantly, these characteristics were more pronounced in ADSCs than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, suggesting the therapeutic relevance of ADSC-derived exosomes for AD. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: CD81/ CD63
non-EV: Actin/ Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
11
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD81
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein/ Actin
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
TRPS
EM
EM-type
cryo EM
Image type
Close-up
EV130010 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Ji H 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Ji H, Greening DW, Barnes TW, Lim JW, Tauro BJ, Rai A, Xu R, Adda C, Mathivanan S, Zhao W, Xue Y, Xu T, Zhu HJ, Simpson RJ
Journal
Proteomics
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular 40-100 nm diameter membrane vesicles of late endosomal origin that (show more...)Exosomes are small extracellular 40-100 nm diameter membrane vesicles of late endosomal origin that can mediate intercellular transfer of RNAs and proteins to assist premetastatic niche formation. Using primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) human isogenic colorectal cancer cell lines we compared exosome protein profiles to yield valuable insights into metastatic factors and signaling molecules fundamental to tumor progression. Exosomes purified using OptiPrep™ density gradient fractionation were 40-100 nm in diameter, were of a buoyant density ~1.09 g/mL, and displayed stereotypic exosomal markers TSG101, Alix, and CD63. A major finding was the selective enrichment of metastatic factors (MET, S100A8, S100A9, TNC), signal transduction molecules (EFNB2, JAG1, SRC, TNIK), and lipid raft and lipid raft-associated components (CAV1, FLOT1, FLOT2, PROM1) in exosomes derived from metastatic SW620 cells. Additionally, using cryo-electron microscopy, ultrastructural components in exosomes were identified. A key finding of this study was the detection and colocalization of protein complexes EPCAM-CLDN7 and TNIK-RAP2A in colorectal cancer cell exosomes. The selective enrichment of metastatic factors and signaling pathway components in metastatic colon cancer cell-derived exosomes contributes to our understanding of the cross-talk between tumor and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ HSP70/ TSG101/ Flotilin1/ CD9
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
EV density (g/ml)
1.09-1.11
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
40
Orientation
Top-down
Speed (g)
100000
Pelleting-wash: volume per pellet (mL)
3
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD9/ Flotilin1/ HSP70/ TSG101
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM/ cryo EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130093 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Inuzuka T 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Inuzuka T, Inokawa A, Chen C, Kizu K, Narita H, Shibata H, Maki M
Journal
Biosci Rep
Abstract
PLSCRs (phospholipid scramblases) are palmitoylated membrane-associating proteins. Regardless of the (show more...)PLSCRs (phospholipid scramblases) are palmitoylated membrane-associating proteins. Regardless of the given names, their physiological functions are not clear and thought to be unrelated to phospholipid scrambling activities observed in vitro. Using a previously established cell line of HEK-293 (human embryonic kidney-293) cells constitutively expressing human Scr3 (PLSCR3) that interacts with ALG-2 (apoptosis-linked gene 2) Ca²?-dependently, we found that Scr3 was secreted into the culture medium. Secretion of Scr3 was suppressed by 2-BP (2-bromopalmitate, a palmitoylation inhibitor) and by GW4869 (an inhibitor of ceramide synthesis). Secreted Scr3 was recovered in exosomal fractions by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Palmitoylation sites and the N-terminal Pro-rich region were necessary for efficient secretion, but ABSs (ALG-2-binding sites) were dispensable. Overexpression of GFP (green fluorescent protein)-fused VPS4B(E235Q), a dominant negative mutant of an AAA (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) ATPase with a defect in disassembling ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport)-III subunits, significantly reduced secretion of Scr3. Immunofluorescence microscopic analyses showed that Scr3 was largely localized to enlarged endosomes induced by overexpression of a GFP-fused constitutive active mutant of Rab5A (GFP-Rab5A(Q79L)). Secreted Scr3 was taken up by HeLa cells, suggesting that Scr3 functions as a cell-to-cell transferable modulator carried by exosomes in a paracrine manner. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Adj. k-factor
41.45 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: ALG2/ Alix/ Rab5b
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.100
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Pelleting: rotor type
TLA100.2
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
41.45
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
0.15
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Bottom-up
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ Rab5b/ ALG2
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Rab5b/ ALG2
Characterization: Particle analysis
None
EV130068 1/2 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
ExoQuick
Filtration
Hu G 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Hu G, Gong AY, Roth AL, Huang BQ, Ward HD, Zhu G, Larusso NF, Hanson ND, Chen XM
Journal
PLoS Pathog
Abstract
Exosomes are membranous nanovesicles released by most cell types from multi-vesicular endosomes. The (show more...)Exosomes are membranous nanovesicles released by most cell types from multi-vesicular endosomes. They are speculated to transfer molecules to neighboring or distant cells and modulate many physiological and pathological procedures. Exosomes released from the gastrointestinal epithelium to the basolateral side have been implicated in antigen presentation. Here, we report that luminal release of exosomes from the biliary and intestinal epithelium is increased following infection by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum. Release of exosomes involves activation of TLR4/IKK2 signaling through promoting the SNAP23-associated vesicular exocytotic process. Downregulation of let-7 family miRNAs by activation of TLR4 signaling increases SNAP23 expression, coordinating exosome release in response to C. parvum infection. Intriguingly, exosomes carry antimicrobial peptides of epithelial cell origin, including cathelicidin-37 and beta-defensin 2. Activation of TLR4 signaling enhances exosomal shuttle of epithelial antimicrobial peptides. Exposure of C. parvum sporozoites to released exosomes decreases their viability and infectivity both in vitro and ex vivo. Direct binding to the C. parvum sporozoite surface is required for the anti-C. parvum activity of released exosomes. Biliary epithelial cells also increase exosomal release and display exosome-associated anti-C. parvum activity following LPS stimulation. Our data indicate that TLR4 signaling regulates luminal exosome release and shuttling of antimicrobial peptides from the gastrointestinal epithelium, revealing a new arm of mucosal immunity relevant to antimicrobial defense. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
ExoQuick
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
110.5 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: CD63/ MHC2/ MHC1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
70Ti
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
110.5
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Commercial kit
ExoQuick
Other
Name other separation method
ExoQuick
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ MHC1/ MHC2
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
MHC1/ MHC2
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
immune EM/ scanning EM
EM protein
CD63; ICAM1
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
Not reported
EV130067 2/2 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C Hoshino D 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Hoshino D, Kirkbride KC, Costello K, Clark ES, Sinha S, Grega-Larson N, Tyska MJ, Weaver AM
Journal
Cell Rep
Abstract
Unconventional secretion of exosome vesicles from multivesicular endosomes (MVEs) occurs across a br (show more...)Unconventional secretion of exosome vesicles from multivesicular endosomes (MVEs) occurs across a broad set of systems and is reported to be upregulated in cancer, where it promotes aggressive behavior. However, regulatory control of exosome secretion is poorly understood. Using cancer cells, we identified specialized invasive actin structures called invadopodia as specific and critical docking and secretion sites for CD63- and Rab27a-positive MVEs. Thus, inhibition of invadopodia formation greatly reduced exosome secretion into conditioned media. Functionally, addition of purified exosomes or inhibition of exosome biogenesis or secretion greatly affected multiple invadopodia life cycle steps, including invadopodia formation, stabilization, and exocytosis of proteinases, indicating a key role for exosome cargoes in promoting invasive activity and providing in situ signaling feedback. Exosome secretion also controlled cellular invasion through three-dimensional matrix. These data identify a synergistic interaction between invadopodia biogenesis and exosome secretion and reveal a fundamental role for exosomes in promoting cancer cell invasiveness. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Biogenesis/Sorting
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
180
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ TSG101
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130008 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
Filtration
Ekström K 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Ekström K, Omar O, Granéli C, Wang X, Vazirisani F, Thomsen P
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Inflammation and regeneration at the implant-bone interface are intimately coupled via cell-cell com (show more...)Inflammation and regeneration at the implant-bone interface are intimately coupled via cell-cell communication. In contrast to the prevailing view that monocytes/macrophages orchestrate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and progenitor cells via the secretion of soluble factors, we examined whether communication between these different cell types also occurs via exosomes. LPS-stimulated human monocytes released exosomes, positive for CD9, CD63, CD81, Tsg101 and Hsp70, as determined by flow cytometry and Western blot. These exosomes also contained wide size distribution of RNA, including RNA in the size of microRNAs. The exosomes were shown to interact with human mesenchymal stem cells. After 24 h of culture, a considerable portion of the MSCs had internalised PKH67-labelled exosomes. Furthermore, after 72 h, the gene expression of the osteogenic markers runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) had increased in comparison with control medium, whereas no significant difference in osteocalcin (OC) expression was demonstrated. The present results show that, under given experimental conditions, monocytes communicate with MSCs via exosomes, resulting in the uptake of exosomes in MSCs and the stimulation of osteogenic differentiation. The present observations suggest that exosomes constitute an additional mode of cell-cell signalling with an effect on MSC differentiation during the transition from injury and inflammation to bone regeneration. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
130.7 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: CD81/ HSP70/ TSG101/ CD63/ CD9
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
70Ti
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
130.7
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD81/ CD9/ HSP70/ TSG101
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
Flow cytometry specific beads
Antibody details provided?
No
Antibody dilution provided?
No
Selected surface protein(s)
Yes
Characterization: Particle analysis
None
EV130004 1/3 Homo sapiens DKO-1 (d)(U)C
UF
Filtration
Demory Beckler M 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Demory Beckler M, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Ham AJ, Halvey PJ, Imasuen IE, Whitwell C, Li M, Liebler DC, Coffey RJ
Journal
Mol Cell Proteomics
Abstract
Activating mutations in KRAS occur in 30% to 40% of colorectal cancers. How mutant KRAS alters cance (show more...)Activating mutations in KRAS occur in 30% to 40% of colorectal cancers. How mutant KRAS alters cancer cell behavior has been studied intensively, but non-cell autonomous effects of mutant KRAS are less understood. We recently reported that exosomes isola.. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
exosome
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
UF
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: "Flotillin1/ TSG101/ HSP70/ KRAS/ EGFR/ RAP1/ SRC/ LYN/ ITGB1/ ITGA2/ ITGAV/ ITGA6/ ITGB4/ EPHA2/ EPS8/ CTTN"
non-EV: VDAC
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
DKO-1
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
Not specified
Pelleting: speed (g)
150000
Wash: time (min)
180
Wash: Rotor Type
Not specified
Wash: speed (g)
150000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100
Membrane type
Not specified
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
microBCA
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Lysis buffer provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
"Flotillin1/ TSG101/ HSP70/ KRAS/ EGFR/ RAP1/ SRC/ LYN/ ITGB1/ ITGA2/ ITGAV/ ITGA6/ ITGB4/ EPHA2/ EPS8/ CTTN"
Not detected contaminants
VDAC
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Not Reported
EV concentration
Yes
Particle yield
"number of particles per microgram of protein" 1E9
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Wide-field
Report size (nm)
56.3
EV130004 3/3 Homo sapiens DKs-8 (d)(U)C
UF
Filtration
Demory Beckler M 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Demory Beckler M, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Ham AJ, Halvey PJ, Imasuen IE, Whitwell C, Li M, Liebler DC, Coffey RJ
Journal
Mol Cell Proteomics
Abstract
Activating mutations in KRAS occur in 30% to 40% of colorectal cancers. How mutant KRAS alters cance (show more...)Activating mutations in KRAS occur in 30% to 40% of colorectal cancers. How mutant KRAS alters cancer cell behavior has been studied intensively, but non-cell autonomous effects of mutant KRAS are less understood. We recently reported that exosomes isola.. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
Control condition
Focus vesicles
exosome
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
UF
Filtration
Protein markers
EV: "Flotillin1/ TSG101/ HSP70/ EGFR/ RAP1/ SRC/ ITGB1/ ITGA2/ ITGAV/ CTNNA"
non-EV: VDAC
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Identification of content (omics approaches)
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
DKs-8
EV-harvesting Medium
Serum free medium
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
Not specified
Pelleting: speed (g)
150000
Wash: time (min)
180
Wash: Rotor Type
Not specified
Wash: speed (g)
150000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Ultra filtration
Cut-off size (kDa)
100
Membrane type
Not specified
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
microBCA
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Lysis buffer provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
"Flotillin1/ TSG101/ HSP70/ EGFR/ RAP1/ SRC/ ITGB1/ ITGA2/ ITGAV/ CTNNA"
Not detected contaminants
VDAC
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Not Reported
EV concentration
Yes
Particle yield
"number of particles per microgram of protein" 1E9
EM
EM-type
Transmission-EM
Image type
Wide-field
Report size (nm)
59.2
EV130007 1/2 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C Benito-Martin A 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Benito-Martin A, Ucero AC, Zubiri I, Posada-Ayala M, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Cannata-Ortiz P, Sanchez-Nino MD, Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J, Alvarez-Llamas G, Ortiz A
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Urinary exosomes have been proposed as potential diagnostic tools. TNF superfamily cytokines and rec (show more...)Urinary exosomes have been proposed as potential diagnostic tools. TNF superfamily cytokines and receptors may be present in exosomes and are expressed by proximal tubular cells. We have now studied the expression of selected TNF superfamily proteins in exosome-like vesicles from cultured human proximal tubular cells and human urine and have identified additional proteins in these vesicles by LC-MS/MS proteomics. Human proximal tubular cells constitutively released exosome-like vesicles that did not contain the TNF superfamily cytokines TRAIL or TWEAK. However, exosome-like vesicles contained osteoprotegerin (OPG), a TNF receptor superfamily protein, as assessed by Western blot, ELISA or selected reaction monitoring by nLC-(QQQ)MS/MS. Twenty-one additional proteins were identified in tubular cell exosome-like vesicles, including one (vitamin D binding protein) that had not been previously reported in exosome-like vesicles. Twelve were extracellular matrix proteins, including the basement membrane proteins type IV collagen, nidogen-1, agrin and fibulin-1. Urine from chronic kidney disease patients contained a higher amount of exosomal protein and exosomal OPG than urine from healthy volunteers. Specifically OPG was increased in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease urinary exosome-like vesicles and expressed by cystic epithelium in vivo. In conclusion, OPG is present in exosome-like vesicles secreted by proximal tubular epithelial cells and isolated from Chronic Kidney Disease urine. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
Exosome-like vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Adj. k-factor
78.45 (pelleting) / 78.45 (washing)
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ TSG101/ CD63
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Biomarker
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
70Ti
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
78.45
Wash: Rotor Type
70Ti
Wash: adjusted k-factor
78.45
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD63/ TSG101
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130007 2/2 Homo sapiens Urine (d)(U)C Benito-Martin A 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Benito-Martin A, Ucero AC, Zubiri I, Posada-Ayala M, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Cannata-Ortiz P, Sanchez-Nino MD, Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J, Alvarez-Llamas G, Ortiz A
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Urinary exosomes have been proposed as potential diagnostic tools. TNF superfamily cytokines and rec (show more...)Urinary exosomes have been proposed as potential diagnostic tools. TNF superfamily cytokines and receptors may be present in exosomes and are expressed by proximal tubular cells. We have now studied the expression of selected TNF superfamily proteins in exosome-like vesicles from cultured human proximal tubular cells and human urine and have identified additional proteins in these vesicles by LC-MS/MS proteomics. Human proximal tubular cells constitutively released exosome-like vesicles that did not contain the TNF superfamily cytokines TRAIL or TWEAK. However, exosome-like vesicles contained osteoprotegerin (OPG), a TNF receptor superfamily protein, as assessed by Western blot, ELISA or selected reaction monitoring by nLC-(QQQ)MS/MS. Twenty-one additional proteins were identified in tubular cell exosome-like vesicles, including one (vitamin D binding protein) that had not been previously reported in exosome-like vesicles. Twelve were extracellular matrix proteins, including the basement membrane proteins type IV collagen, nidogen-1, agrin and fibulin-1. Urine from chronic kidney disease patients contained a higher amount of exosomal protein and exosomal OPG than urine from healthy volunteers. Specifically OPG was increased in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease urinary exosome-like vesicles and expressed by cystic epithelium in vivo. In conclusion, OPG is present in exosome-like vesicles secreted by proximal tubular epithelial cells and isolated from Chronic Kidney Disease urine. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (80th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
Exosome-like vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Adj. k-factor
78.45 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ TSG101/ CD63
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Biomarker
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Pelleting: rotor type
70Ti
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
78.45
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD63/ TSG101
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130080 2/2 Homo sapiens Urine (d)(U)C
Filtration
Barutta F 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Barutta F, Tricarico M, Corbelli A, Annaratone L, Pinach S, Grimaldi S, Bruno G, Cimino D, Taverna D, Deregibus MC, Rastaldi MP, Perin PC, Gruden G
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-protein-encoding RNAs, regulate gene expression via suppres (show more...)MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-protein-encoding RNAs, regulate gene expression via suppression of target mRNAs. MiRNAs are present in body fluids in a remarkable stable form as packaged in microvesicles of endocytic origin, named exosomes. In the present study, we have assessed miRNA expression in urinary exosomes from type 1 diabetic patients with and without incipient diabetic nephropathy. Results showed that miR-130a and miR-145 were enriched, while miR-155 and miR-424 reduced in urinary exosomes from patients with microalbuminuria. Similarly, in an animal model of early experimental diabetic nephropathy, urinary exosomal miR-145 levels were increased and this was paralleled by miR-145 overexpression within the glomeruli. Exposure of cultured mesangial cells to high glucose increased miR-145 content in both mesangial cells and mesangial cells-derived exosomes, providing a potential mechanism for diabetes-induced miR-145 overexpression. In conclusion, urinary exosomal miRNA content is altered in type 1 diabetic patients with incipient diabetic nephropathy and miR-145 may represent a novel candidate biomarker/player in the complication. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (80th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
61.11 (pelleting) / 61.11 (washing)
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ HSP70/ GAPDH
non-EV: Cell organelle protein
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Biomarker
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
75
Pelleting: rotor type
70.1Ti
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
61.11
Wash: Rotor Type
70.1Ti
Wash: adjusted k-factor
61.11
Filtration steps
> 0.45 µm,
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ HSP70/ GAPDH
Detected contaminants
Cell organelle protein
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
GAPDH
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130028 1/2 Mus musculus NAY (d)(U)C
DG
An K 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
An K, Klyubin I, Kim Y, Jung JH, Mably AJ, O'Dowd ST, Lynch T, Kanmert D, Lemere CA, Finan GM, Park JW, Kim TW, Walsh DM, Rowan MJ, Kim JH
Journal
Mol Brain
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, have been suggested to be in (show more...)BACKGROUND: Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, have been suggested to be involved in both the metabolism and aggregation of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated amyloid ?-protein (A?). Despite their ubiquitous presence and the inclusion of components which can potentially interact with A?, the role of exosomes in regulating synaptic dysfunction induced by A? has not been explored. RESULTS: We here provide in vivo evidence that exosomes derived from N2a cells or human cerebrospinal fluid can abrogate the synaptic-plasticity-disrupting activity of both synthetic and AD brain-derived A?. Mechanistically, this effect involves sequestration of synaptotoxic A? assemblies by exosomal surface proteins such as PrPC rather than A? proteolysis. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that exosomes can counteract the inhibitory action of A?, which contributes to perpetual capability for synaptic plasticity. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (85th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ CD81/ Beta-actin/ Flotilin1/ PrP
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.15-1.19
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
30
Orientation
Top-down
Speed (g)
100000
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ CD81/ Flotilin1/ PrP/ Beta-actin
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
PrP/ Beta-actin
Characterization: Particle analysis
DLS
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up
EV130006 1/1 Mus musculus Uterine/Oviduct luminal fluid (d)(U)C Al-Dossary AA 2013 44%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Al-Dossary AA, Strehler EE, Martin-Deleon PA
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
PMCA4, a membrane protein, is the major Ca(2+) efflux pump in murine sperm where its deletion leads (show more...)PMCA4, a membrane protein, is the major Ca(2+) efflux pump in murine sperm where its deletion leads to a severe loss of hyperactivated motility and to male infertility. We have previously shown that the PMCA4b splice variant interacts with CASK (Ca(2+/)CaM-dependent serine kinase) in regulating sperm Ca(2+). More recently we detected that PMCA4a isoform, in addition to its presence in testis, is secreted in the epididymal luminal fluid and transferred to sperm. Here we show that Pmca4 mRNA is expressed in both the 4a and 4b variants in the vagina, uterus, and oviduct. Immunofluorescence reveals that PMCA4a is similarly expressed and is elevated during estrus, appearing in the glandular and luminal epithelia. Western analysis detected PMCA4a in all tissues and in the luminal fluids (LF) of the vagina (VLF), uterus (ULF), and the oviduct (OLF) collected during estrus. It was ~9- and 4-fold higher in OLF than in VLF and ULF, and only marginally present in LF collected at metestrus/diestrus. Fractionation of the LF collected at estrus, via ultracentrifugation, revealed that 100% of the PMCA4a resides in the vesicular fraction of the ULF and OLF. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that OLF vesicles have an exosomal orientation (with the cytoplasmic-side inward), a size range of 25-100 nm, with the characteristic CD9 biomarker. Thus, we dubbed these vesicles oviductosomes, to which PMCA4a was immunolocalized. Incubation of caudal sperm in the combined LF or exosomes resulted in up to a ~3-fold increase of sperm PMCA4a, as detected by flow cytometry, indicating in vitro uptake. Our results are consistent with the increased requirement of Ca(2+) efflux in the oviduct. They show for the first time the presence of oviductal exosomes and highlight their role, along with uterosomes and vaginal exosomes, in post-testicular sperm acquisition of PMCA4a which is essential for hyperactivated motility and fertility. (hide)
EV-METRIC
44% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Uterine/Oviduct luminal fluid
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Adj. k-factor
133 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV: CD9
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Uterine/Oviduct luminal fluid
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
60Ti
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
133.0
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
Yes
Antibody dilution provided?
Yes
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM/ immune EM
EM protein
CD9
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130076 3/3 Gut microbiota Mouse stool (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Kang CS 2013 43%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Kang CS, Ban M, Choi EJ, Moon HG, Jeon JS, Kim DK, Park SK, Jeon SG, Roh TY, Myung SJ, Gho YS, Kim JG, Kim YK
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Gut microbiota play an important part in the pathogenesis of mucosal inflammation, such as inflammat (show more...)Gut microbiota play an important part in the pathogenesis of mucosal inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, owing to the complexity of the gut microbiota, our understanding of the roles of commensal and pathogenic bacteria in the maintenance of immune homeostasis in the gut is evolving only slowly. Here, we evaluated the role of gut microbiota and their secreting extracellular vesicles (EV) in the development of mucosal inflammation in the gut. Experimental IBD model was established by oral application of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to C57BL/6 mice. The composition of gut microbiota and bacteria-derived EV in stools was evaluated by metagenome sequencing using bacterial common primer of 16S rDNA. Metagenomics in the IBD mouse model showed that the change in stool EV composition was more drastic, compared to the change of bacterial composition. Oral DSS application decreased the composition of EV from Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides acidifaciens in stools, whereas increased EV from TM7 phylum, especially from species DQ777900_s and AJ400239_s. In vitro pretreatment of A. muciniphila-derived EV ameliorated the production of a pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 from colon epithelial cells induced by Escherichia coli EV. Additionally, oral application of A. muciniphila EV also protected DSS-induced IBD phenotypes, such as body weight loss, colon length, and inflammatory cell infiltration of colon wall. Our data provides insight into the role of gut microbiota-derived EV in regulation of intestinal immunity and homeostasis, and A. muciniphila-derived EV have protective effects in the development of DSS-induced colitis. (hide)
EV-METRIC
43% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Mouse stool
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Gut microbiota
Sample Type
Mouse stool
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.45µm > x > 0.22µm,
Characterization: Protein analysis
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130111 1/1 Bos bovis Milk (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Reinhardt TA 2013 43%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Reinhardt TA, Sacco RE, Nonnecke BJ, Lippolis JD
Journal
J Proteomics
Abstract
Milk protein expression in healthy cows and cows with mastitis will provide information important fo (show more...)Milk protein expression in healthy cows and cows with mastitis will provide information important for the dairy food industry and immune function in the mammary gland. To facilitate protein discovery, milk was fractioned into whey, milk fat globule membranes (MFGM) and exosomes from healthy and Staphylococcus aureus infected cows. Amine-reactive isobaric tags (iTRAQ) were used to quantify protein changes between milk fractions isolated from healthy and S. aureus infected cows. 2971 milk proteins were identified with a false discovery rate of 0.1%. Greater than 300 milk proteins associated with host defense were identified and 94 were significantly differentially regulated in S. aureus infected milk compared to their uninfected controls. These differentially regulated host defense proteins were selectively segregated in the 3 milk compartments examined. An example of this segregation of host defense proteins was the partitioning and high concentration of proteins indicative of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation in the MFGM preparations from S. aureus infected milk as compared to exosomes or whey. Protein composition changes found in milk exosomes, MFGM and whey during an infection provides new and comprehensive information on milk protein composition in general as well as changes occurring during an infection.BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The significance of this study is the identification and quantification of the individual components of the neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) functional proteome in an apparent stable complex with MFGM and/or milk fat globules during an intra-mammary infection. NETs could be functionally relevant in intra-mammary infection, as it is known that during an infection neutrophils ingest large amounts of milk fat that down regulates many of their traditional immune functions. Thus the presence of NETs in milk fat provides new insights to mammary immune function and suggests a role for NETs in clinical mastitis. These in vivo NETs can now be tested to determine if they retain functional antimicrobial activity when primarily associated with milk fat. Then we can estimate their real world functional relevance during an intra-mammary infection, which is one key to understanding clinical mastitis in dairy cows. (hide)
EV-METRIC
43% (65th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Milk
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
Adj. k-factor
104.8 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Biomarker
Sample
Species
Bos bovis
Sample Type
Milk
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Pelleting: rotor type
50.2TI
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
104.8
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
5
Highest density fraction
43
Orientation
Bottom-up
Speed (g)
200000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Characterization: Particle analysis
None
EV130050 1/1 Shewanella vesiculosa Bacteria (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Pérez-Cruz C 2013 43%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Pérez-Cruz C, Carrión O, Delgado L, Martinez G, López-Iglesias C, Mercade E
Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria are known to be involved in lateral DNA t (show more...)Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria are known to be involved in lateral DNA transfer, but the presence of DNA in these vesicles has remained difficult to explain. An ultrastructural study of the Antarctic psychrotolerant bacterium Shewanella vesiculosa M7(T) has revealed that this Gram-negative bacterium naturally releases conventional one-bilayer OMVs through a process in which the outer membrane is exfoliated and only the periplasm is entrapped, together with a more complex type of OMV, previously undescribed, which on formation drag along inner membrane and cytoplasmic content and can therefore also entrap DNA. These vesicles, with a double-bilayer structure and containing electron-dense material, were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after high-pressure freezing and freeze-substitution (HPF-FS), and their DNA content was fluorometrically quantified as 1.8 ± 0.24 ng DNA/?g OMV protein. The new double-bilayer OMVs were estimated by cryo-TEM to represent 0.1% of total vesicles. The presence of DNA inside the vesicles was confirmed by gold DNA immunolabeling with a specific monoclonal IgM against double-stranded DNA. In addition, a proteomic study of purified membrane vesicles confirmed the presence of plasma membrane and cytoplasmic proteins in OMVs from this strain. Our data demonstrate the existence of a previously unobserved type of double-bilayer OMV in the Gram-negative bacterium Shewanella vesiculosa M7(T) that can incorporate DNA, for which we propose the name outer-inner membrane vesicle (O-IMV). (hide)
EV-METRIC
43% (86th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Bacteria
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
OMV
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Shewanella vesiculosa
Sample Type
Bacteria
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Wash: volume per pellet (ml)
25
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Lowest density fraction
10
Highest density fraction
35
Orientation
Bottom-up
Filtration steps
0.45µm > x > 0.22µm,
Characterization: Protein analysis
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM/ immune EM/ cryo EM
EM protein
DNA
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130045 1/1 Homo sapiens Urine (d)(U)C Lv LL 2013 43%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Lv LL, Cao Y, Liu D, Xu M, Liu H, Tang RN, Ma KL, Liu BC
Journal
Int J Biol Sci
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that microRNA (miRNA) is contained within exosome. Here we sought to optimiz (show more...)Recent studies indicate that microRNA (miRNA) is contained within exosome. Here we sought to optimize the methodologies for the isolation and quantification of urinary exosomal microRNA as a prelude to biomarker discovery studies. Exosomes were isolated through ultracentrifugation and characterized by immunoelectron microscopy. To determine the RNA was confined inside exosomes, the pellet was treated with RNase before RNA isolation. The minimum urine volume, storage conditions for exosomes and exosomal miRNA was evaluated. The presence of miRNAs in patients with various kidney diseases was validated with real-time PCR. The result shows that miRNAs extracted from the exosomal fraction were resistant to RNase digestion and with high quality confirmed by agarose electrophoresis. 16 ml of urine was sufficient for miRNA isolation by absolute quantification with 4.15×10(5) copies/ul for miR-200c. Exosomes was stable at 4? 24h for shipping before stored at -80? and was stable in urine when stored at -80°C for 12 months. Exosomal miRNA was detectable despite 5 repeat freeze-thaw cycles. The detection of miRNA by quantitative PCR showed high reproducibility (>94% for intra-assay and >76% for inter-assay), high sensitivity (positive call 100% for CKD patients), broad dynamic range (8-log wide) and good linearity for quantification (R(2)>0.99). miR-29c and miR-200c showed different expression in different types of kidney disease. In summary, the presence of urinary exosomal miRNA was confirmed for patients with a diversity of chronic kidney disease. The conditions of urine collection, storage and miRNA detection determined in this study may be useful for future biomarker discovery efforts. (hide)
EV-METRIC
43% (76th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes / microvesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
TEM measurements
30-120
Show all info
Study aim
Technical
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Equal to or above 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
60
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM/ immune EM
EM protein
AQP2; CD9; Alix
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
30-120
EV130065 2/3 Mus musculus BALF (d)(U)C
DC
Filtration
IAF
Kulshreshtha A 2013 43%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Kulshreshtha A, Ahmad T, Agrawal A, Ghosh B
Journal
J Allergy Clin Immunol
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Exosomes are nanovesicles involved in intercellular communication. Their roles in variou (show more...)BACKGROUND: Exosomes are nanovesicles involved in intercellular communication. Their roles in various diseases are often contextual, depending on the cell type producing them. Although few studies hint toward the proinflammatory role of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid-derived exosomes in asthmatic progression, the cell types in lungs associated with exosome-mediated crosstalk and their resultant effects remain unexplored. OBJECTIVE: It is well established that exosome-mediated cellular communication can influence disease phenotypes. This study explores exosome-mediated cellular crosstalk between structural and immune cells in asthma pathogenesis. METHODS: Exosomes were isolated and detected from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of control and asthmatic mice and were quantified by using a bead-based assay. Involvement of epithelial cells and macrophages were established by using immunohistochemical techniques in lung tissue sections. The role of IL-13 in exosome production was ascertained by using various in vitro and in vivo techniques. Exosome secretion was blocked in in vitro and in vivo settings by using a chemical inhibitor, and the effects on various asthmatic features were studied. RESULTS: Using combinatorial in vitro and in vivo approaches, we found that exosome secretion and production of exosome-associated proteins are higher in lungs of asthmatic mice compared with that seen in sham mice. Asthma is marked by enhanced secretion of exosomes by epithelial cells, but not macrophages, under the influence of IL-13. These epithelial cell exosomes induce proliferation and chemotaxis of undifferentiated macrophages. On the other hand, GW4869, which inhibited exosome production, resulted in a reduced population of proliferating monocytes and alleviation of various asthmatic features. CONCLUSION: Under the influence of IL-13, epithelial cell-derived exosomes can induce enhanced proliferation and chemotaxis of undifferentiated macrophages in the lungs during asthmatic inflammatory conditions. (hide)
EV-METRIC
43% (82nd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
BALF
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DC
Filtration
IAF
Protein markers
EV: CD81/ HSP70/ CD63/ Annexin5/ MHC2
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
BALF
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Immunoaffinity capture
Selected surface protein(s)
Hsp70, CD63
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
MHC2/ Annexin5
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD63/ CD81/ HSP70/ MHC2/ Annexin5
Flow cytometry specific beads
Antibody details provided?
No
Antibody dilution provided?
No
Selected surface protein(s)
Yes
Characterization: Particle analysis
DLS
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130013 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
NS-DG
Kogure T 2013 43%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Kogure T, Yan IK, Lin WL, Patel T
Journal
Genes Cancer
Abstract
Although the expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is altered in hepatocellular cancer (HCC), th (show more...)Although the expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is altered in hepatocellular cancer (HCC), their biological effects are poorly defined. We have identified lncRNA with highly conserved sequences, ultraconserved lncRNA (ucRNA) that are transcribed and altered in expression in HCC. Extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes and microvesicles, are released from tumor cells and can transfer biologically active proteins and RNA across cells. We sought to identify the role of vesicle-mediated transfer of ucRNA as a mechanism by which these novel lncRNA could influence intercellular signaling with potential for environmental modulation of tumor cell behavior. HCC-derived extracellular vesicles could be isolated from cells in culture and taken up by adjacent cells. The expression of several ucRNA was dramatically altered within extracellular vesicles compared to that in donor cells. The most highly significantly expressed ucRNA in HCC cell-derived extracellular vesicles was cloned and identified as a 1,198-bp ucRNA, termed TUC339. TUC339 was functionally implicated in modulating tumor cell growth and adhesion. Suppression of TUC339 by siRNA reduced HCC cell proliferation, clonogenic growth, and growth in soft agar. Thus, intercellular transfer of TUC339 represents a unique signaling mechanism by which tumor cells can promote HCC growth and spread. These findings expand the potential roles of ucRNA in HCC, support the existence of selective mechanisms for lncRNA export from cells, and implicate extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of lncRNA as a mechanism by which tumor cells can modulate their local cellular environment. Intercellular transfer of functionally active RNA molecules by extracellular vesicles provides a mechanism that enables cells to exert genetic influences on other cells within the microenvironment. (hide)
EV-METRIC
43% (82nd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
NS-DG
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
TEM measurements
105(median)
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
70
Other
Name other separation method
NS-DG
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
105(median)
EV130069 2/2 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
DG
Huan J 2013 43%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Huan J, Hornick NI, Shurtleff MJ, Skinner AM, Goloviznina NA, Roberts CT Jr, Kurre P
Journal
Cancer Res
Abstract
Extrinsic signaling cues in the microenvironment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) contribute to d (show more...)Extrinsic signaling cues in the microenvironment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) contribute to disease progression and therapy resistance. Yet, it remains unknown how the bone marrow niche in which AML arises is subverted to support leukemic persistence at the expense of homeostatic function. Exosomes are cell membrane-derived vesicles carrying protein and RNA cargoes that have emerged as mediators of cell-cell communication. In this study, we examined the role of exosomes in developing the AML niche of the bone marrow microenvironment, investigating their biogenesis with a focus on RNA trafficking. We found that both primary AML and AML cell lines released exosome-sized vesicles that entered bystander cells. These exosomes were enriched for several coding and noncoding RNAs relevant to AML pathogenesis. Furthermore, their uptake by bone marrow stromal cells altered their secretion of growth factors. Proof-of-concept studies provided additional evidence for the canonical functions of the transferred RNA. Taken together, our findings revealed that AML exosome trafficking alters the proliferative, angiogenic, and migratory responses of cocultured stromal and hematopoietic progenitor cell lines, helping explain how the microenvironmental niche becomes reprogrammed during invasion of the bone marrow by AML. (hide)
EV-METRIC
43% (82nd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
TEM measurements
60-100
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
8
Highest density fraction
60
Speed (g)
150000
Characterization: Particle analysis
DLS
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
60-100
EV130151 4/4 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
Filtration
SEC
UF
Redzic JS 2013 38%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Redzic JS, Kendrick AA, Bahmed K, Dahl KD, Pearson CG, Robinson WA, Robinson SE, Graner MW, Eisenmesser EZ
Journal
PLoS One
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key contributors to cancer where they play an integral role in cell (show more...)Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key contributors to cancer where they play an integral role in cell-cell communication and transfer pro-oncogenic molecules to recipient cells thereby conferring a cancerous phenotype. Here, we purified EVs using straightforward biochemical approaches from multiple cancer cell lines and subsequently characterized these EVs via multiple biochemical and biophysical methods. In addition, we used fluorescence microscopy to directly show internalization of EVs into the recipient cells within a few minutes upon addition of EVs to recipient cells. We confirmed that the transmembrane protein EMMPRIN, postulated to be a marker of EVs, was indeed secreted from all cell lines studied here. We evaluated the response to EV stimulation in several different types of recipient cells lines and measured the ability of these purified EVs to induce secretion of several factors highly upregulated in human cancers. Our data indicate that purified EVs preferentially stimulate secretion of several proteins implicated in driving cancer in monocytic cells but only harbor limited activity in epithelial cells. Specifically, we show that EVs are potent stimulators of MMP-9, IL-6, TGF-?1 and induce the secretion of extracellular EMMPRIN, which all play a role in driving immune evasion, invasion and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, by using a comprehensive approach that includes biochemical, biological, and spectroscopic methods, we have begun to elucidate the stimulatory roles. (hide)
EV-METRIC
38% (80th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Filtration
SEC
UF
Protein markers
EV: EMMPRIN
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
EV Depleted
Separation Method
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
EMMPRIN
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
EMMPRIN
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
Report size (nm)
Not reported
EV130027 4/4 Mus musculus NAY (d)(U)C
Gel filtration
UF
Hajj GN 2013 38%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Hajj GN, Arantes CP, Dias MV, Roffé M, Costa-Silva B, Lopes MH, Porto-Carreiro I, Rabachini T, Lima FR, Beraldo FH, Prado MA, Linden R, Martins VR
Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci
Abstract
The co-chaperone stress-inducible protein 1 (STI1) is released by astrocytes, and has important neur (show more...)The co-chaperone stress-inducible protein 1 (STI1) is released by astrocytes, and has important neurotrophic properties upon binding to prion protein (PrP(C)). However, STI1 lacks a signal peptide and pharmacological approaches pointed that it does not follow a classical secretion mechanism. Ultracentrifugation, size exclusion chromatography, electron microscopy, vesicle labeling, and particle tracking analysis were used to identify three major types of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from astrocytes with sizes ranging from 20-50, 100-200, and 300-400 nm. These EVs carry STI1 and present many exosomal markers, even though only a subpopulation had the typical exosomal morphology. The only protein, from those evaluated here, present exclusively in vesicles that have exosomal morphology was PrP(C). STI1 partially co-localized with Rab5 and Rab7 in endosomal compartments, and a dominant-negative for vacuolar protein sorting 4A (VPS4A), required for formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs), impaired EV and STI1 release. Flow cytometry and PK digestion demonstrated that STI1 localized to the outer leaflet of EVs, and its association with EVs greatly increased STI1 activity upon PrP(C)-dependent neuronal signaling. These results indicate that astrocytes secrete a diverse population of EVs derived from MVBs that contain STI1 and suggest that the interaction between EVs and neuronal surface components enhances STI1-PrP(C) signaling. (hide)
EV-METRIC
38% (80th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
Gel filtration
UF
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ HSP90/ VPS36/ Tf-receptor/ Flotilin1/ Caveolin/ PrP/ HSP70
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Below or equal to 800 g
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Other
Name other separation method
Gel filtration
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Flotilin1/ HSP90/ HSP70/ TSG101/ Tf-receptor/ Caveolin/ PrP/ VPS36
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Tf-receptor/ Caveolin/ PrP/ VPS36
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130131 1/1 Equus caballus Equine seminal fluid (d)(U)C
DG
Gel filtration
Aalberts M 2013 38%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Aalberts M, Sostaric E, Wubbolts R, Wauben MW, Nolte-'t Hoen EN, Gadella BM, Stout TA, Stoorvogel W
Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom
Abstract
Seminal plasma contains various types of extracellular vesicles, including prostasomes. Prostasomes (show more...)Seminal plasma contains various types of extracellular vesicles, including prostasomes. Prostasomes are small vesicles secreted by prostatic epithelial cells that can be recruited by and fuse with sperm cells in response of progesterone that is released by oocyte surrounding cumulus cells. This delivers Ca(2+) signaling tools that allow the sperm cell to gain hypermotility and undergo the acrosome reaction. Conditions for binding of prostasomes to sperm cells are however unclear. We found that classically used prostasome markers are in fact heterogeneously expressed on distinct populations of small and large vesicles in seminal plasma. To study interactions between prostasomes and spermatozoa we used the stallion as a model organism. A homogeneous population of ~60nm prostasomes was first separated from larger vesicles and labeled with biotin. Binding of biotinylated prostasomes to individual live spermatozoa was then monitored by flow cytometry. Contrary to assumptions in the literature, we found that such highly purified prostasomes bound to live sperm only after capacitation had been initiated, and specifically at pH ?7.5. Using fluorescence microscopy, we observed that prostasomes bound primarily to the head of live sperm. We propose that in vivo, prostasomes may bind to sperm cells in the uterus, to be carried in association with sperm cells into oviduct and to fuse with the sperm cell only during the final approach of the oocyte. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome. (hide)
EV-METRIC
38% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Equine seminal fluid
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
Prostasomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Gel filtration
Protein markers
EV: CD9
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.21
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Equus caballus
Sample Type
Equine seminal fluid
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Density gradient
Lowest density fraction
0.4
Highest density fraction
2
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
TLA55
Speed (g)
108000
Other
Name other separation method
Gel filtration
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV130020 1/1 Homo sapiens NAY (d)(U)C
IAF
UF
Tauro BJ 2013 38%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Tauro BJ, Greening DW, Mathias RA, Mathivanan S, Ji H, Simpson RJ
Journal
Mol Cell Proteomics
Abstract
Exosomes are naturally occurring biological nanomembranous vesicles (?40 to 100 nm) of endocytic ori (show more...)Exosomes are naturally occurring biological nanomembranous vesicles (?40 to 100 nm) of endocytic origin that are released from diverse cell types into the extracellular space. They have pleiotropic functions such as antigen presentation and intercellular transfer of protein cargo, mRNA, microRNA, lipids, and oncogenic potential. Here we describe the isolation, via sequential immunocapture using anti-A33- and anti-EpCAM-coupled magnetic beads, of two distinct populations of exosomes released from organoids derived from human colon carcinoma cell line LIM1863. The exosome populations (A33-Exos and EpCAM-Exos) could not be distinguished via electron microscopy and contained stereotypical exosome markers such as TSG101, Alix, and HSP70. The salient finding of this study, revealed via gel-based LC-MS/MS, was the exclusive identification in EpCAM-Exos of the classical apical trafficking molecules CD63 (LAMP3), mucin 13 and the apical intestinal enzyme sucrase isomaltase and increased expression of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and the apically restricted pentaspan membrane glycoprotein prominin 1. In contrast, the A33-Exos preparation was enriched with basolateral trafficking molecules such as early endosome antigen 1, the Golgi membrane protein ADP-ribosylation factor, and clathrin. Our observations are consistent with EpCAM- and A33-Exos being released from the apical and basolateral surfaces, respectively, and the EpCAM-Exos proteome profile with widely published stereotypical exosomes. A proteome analysis of LIM1863-derived shed microvesicles (sMVs) was also performed in order to clearly distinguish A33- and EpCAM-Exos from sMVs. Intriguingly, several members of the MHC class I family of antigen presentation molecules were exclusively observed in A33-Exos, whereas neither MHC class I nor MHC class II molecules were observed via MS in EpCAM-Exos. Additionally, we report for the first time in any extracellular vesicle study the colocalization of EpCAM, claudin-7, and CD44 in EpCAM-Exos. Given that these molecules are known to complex together to promote tumor progression, further characterization of exosome subpopulations will enable a deeper understanding of their possible role in regulation of the tumor microenvironment. (hide)
EV-METRIC
38% (80th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
IAF
UF
Protein markers
EV: Alix/ EpCAM/ TSG101
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-harvesting Medium
serum free
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Between 10,000 g and 50,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Immunoaffinity capture
Selected surface protein(s)
A-33, EpCAM
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
Alix/ TSG101/ EpCAM
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
EpCAM
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up, Wide-field
EV130051 1/1 Homo sapiens Urine (d)(U)C
IAF
UF
Prunotto M 2013 38%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Prunotto M, Farina A, Lane L, Pernin A, Schifferli J, Hochstrasser DF, Lescuyer P, Moll S
Journal
J Proteomics
Abstract
Urine results from a coordinated activity of glomerular and tubular compartments of the kidney. As a (show more...)Urine results from a coordinated activity of glomerular and tubular compartments of the kidney. As a footprint of these cellular functional processes, urinary exosomes, and 40-80 nm membrane vesicles released after fusion with the plasma membrane into the extracellular environment by renal epithelial cells, are a source for identification of proteins and investigation of their role in the kidney. The aim of the present study was the identification of podocyte exosome proteins based on urine immunoabsorption using podocyte-specific CR1-immunocoated beads followed by proteomic analysis using LC MS/MS techniques. This methodology allowed the identification of 1195 proteins. By using a bioinformatic approach, 27 brain-expressed proteins were identified, in which 14 out of them were newly demonstrated to be expressed in the kidney at a mRNA level, and, one of them, the COMT protein, was demonstrated to be expressed in podocytes at a protein level. These results, attesting the reliability of the methodology to identify podocyte proteins, need now to be completed by further experiments to analyze more precisely their biological function(s) in the podocytes. (hide)
EV-METRIC
38% (73rd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Urine
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
exosomes
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
IAF
UF
Protein markers
EV: Nephrin/ Podocalyxin/ AQP1
non-EV: Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Omics
Sample
Species
Homo sapiens
Sample Type
Urine
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 800 g and 10,000 g
Pelleting performed
No
Immunoaffinity capture
Selected surface protein(s)
CR1
Characterization: Protein analysis
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
AQP1/ Podocalyxin/ Nephrin
Detected contaminants
Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein
ELISA
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
AQP1/ Podocalyxin/ Nephrin
Characterization: Particle analysis
EM
EM-type
transmission EM
Image type
Close-up
1 - 50 of 384 keyboard_arrow_right