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Details	EV-TRACK ID	Experiment nr.	Species	Sample type	Separation protocol	First author	Year	EV-METRIC
	EV210102	1/2	Homo sapiens	Urine	(d)(U)C Filtration	Wang, Ling	2017	33%
Study summary Full title Exosomal proteins as prostate cancer biomarkers in urine: From mass spectrometry discovery to immunoassay-based validation All authors Ling Wang, Tore Skotland, Viktor Berge, Kirsten Sandvig, Alicia Llorente Journal Eur J Pharm Sci. Abstract Exosomes have recently appeared as a novel source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers since tumor-spec (show more...)Exosomes have recently appeared as a novel source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers since tumor-specific molecules can be found in exosomes isolated from biological fluids. We have previously analyzed the proteome of urinary exosomes by mass spectrometry, and identified proteins differentially expressed in prostate cancer patients compared to healthy males. Since mass spectrometry is so far not commonly used in clinical laboratories, we have here investigated whether antibody-based methods such as Western blot or ELISA can be used to validate the use of the identified proteins as prostate cancer biomarkers. Western blot experiments designed to detect flotillin 2, TMEM256, Rab3B and LAMTOR1 showed that the level of these proteins was higher in urinary exosomes from prostate cancer patients compared to healthy males. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic curve of flotillin 2 in samples from 16 controls and 16 patients showed an area under the curve of 0.91, and 88% sensitivity at a threshold set to give 94% specificity. In addition, ELISA-based detection of flotillin 2 and PARK7 showed that the combination of these proteins was able to distinguish prostate cancer patients and healthy controls with 68% sensitivity and 93% specificity. Several promising biomarkers identified by mass spectrometry could not be evaluated by Western blot or ELISA due to their low exosomal amount and/or lack of good antibodies. In conclusion, our results show that several urinary exosomal proteins identified as prostate cancer biomarkers by mass spectrometry have a high diagnostic value also when analyzed by immunology-based methods, thus bringing these biomarkers closer to a potential clinical use. (hide) EV-METRIC 33% (65th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Urine Sample origin Prostate cancer Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Filtration Protein markers EV: TMEM256/ PARK7/ Flotillin1/ RAB3B/ Flotillin2/ LAMTOR1 non-EV: None Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Biomarker Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Urine Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Pelleting: rotor type Type 70 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) Not specified Wash: time (min) 70 Wash: Rotor Type Type 70 Ti Wash: speed (g) 100000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method BCA Western Blot Antibody details provided? No Detected EV-associated proteins Flotillin1/ RAB3B/ TMEM256/ LAMTOR1/ Flotillin2 ELISA Antibody details provided? No Detected EV-associated proteins Flotillin2/ PARK7 Characterization: Lipid analysis No

	EV210102	2/2	Homo sapiens	Urine	(d)(U)C Filtration	Wang, Ling	2017	33%
Study summary Full title Exosomal proteins as prostate cancer biomarkers in urine: From mass spectrometry discovery to immunoassay-based validation All authors Ling Wang, Tore Skotland, Viktor Berge, Kirsten Sandvig, Alicia Llorente Journal Eur J Pharm Sci. Abstract Exosomes have recently appeared as a novel source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers since tumor-spec (show more...)Exosomes have recently appeared as a novel source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers since tumor-specific molecules can be found in exosomes isolated from biological fluids. We have previously analyzed the proteome of urinary exosomes by mass spectrometry, and identified proteins differentially expressed in prostate cancer patients compared to healthy males. Since mass spectrometry is so far not commonly used in clinical laboratories, we have here investigated whether antibody-based methods such as Western blot or ELISA can be used to validate the use of the identified proteins as prostate cancer biomarkers. Western blot experiments designed to detect flotillin 2, TMEM256, Rab3B and LAMTOR1 showed that the level of these proteins was higher in urinary exosomes from prostate cancer patients compared to healthy males. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic curve of flotillin 2 in samples from 16 controls and 16 patients showed an area under the curve of 0.91, and 88% sensitivity at a threshold set to give 94% specificity. In addition, ELISA-based detection of flotillin 2 and PARK7 showed that the combination of these proteins was able to distinguish prostate cancer patients and healthy controls with 68% sensitivity and 93% specificity. Several promising biomarkers identified by mass spectrometry could not be evaluated by Western blot or ELISA due to their low exosomal amount and/or lack of good antibodies. In conclusion, our results show that several urinary exosomal proteins identified as prostate cancer biomarkers by mass spectrometry have a high diagnostic value also when analyzed by immunology-based methods, thus bringing these biomarkers closer to a potential clinical use. (hide) EV-METRIC 33% (65th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type) Reported Not reported Not applicable EV-enriched proteins Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins non EV-enriched protein Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein qualitative and quantitative analysis Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected. electron microscopy images Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image density gradient Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs EV density Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density ultracentrifugation specifics Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps antibody specifics Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution lysate preparation Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition Study data Sample type Urine Sample origin Control condition Focus vesicles exosome Separation protocol Separation protocol Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol. dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation DG = density gradient UF = ultrafiltration SEC = size-exclusion chromatography IAF = immuno-affinity capture (d)(U)C Filtration Protein markers EV: TMEM256/ PARK7/ Flotillin1/ RAB3B/ Flotillin2/ LAMTOR1 non-EV: None Proteomics no Show all info Study aim Biomarker Sample Species Homo sapiens Sample Type Urine Separation Method (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation dUC: centrifugation steps Between 800 g and 10,000 g Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g Pelleting performed Yes Pelleting: time(min) 70 Pelleting: rotor type Type 70 Ti Pelleting: speed (g) 100000 Wash: volume per pellet (ml) Not specified Wash: time (min) 70 Wash: Rotor Type Type 70 Ti Wash: speed (g) 100000 Filtration steps 0.22µm or 0.2µm Characterization: Protein analysis Protein Concentration Method BCA Western Blot Antibody details provided? No Detected EV-associated proteins Flotillin1/ Flotillin2/ RAB3B/ LAMTOR1/ TMEM256 ELISA Antibody details provided? No Detected EV-associated proteins Flotillin2/ PARK7 Characterization: Lipid analysis No

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EV-TRACK ID	EV210102
species	Homo sapiens
sample type	Urine
condition	Prostate cancer	Control condition
separation protocol	(d)(U)C Filtration	(d)(U)C Filtration
Exp. nr.	1	2
EV-METRIC %	33	33