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You searched for: EV140106 (EV-TRACK ID)

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Experiment number
  • If needed, multiple experiments were identified in a single publication based on differing sample types, separation protocols and/or vesicle types of interest.
Species
  • Species of origin of the EVs.
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol.
    • (d)(U)C = (differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Experiment number
  • Experiments differ in Sample type
Details EV-TRACK ID Experiment nr. Species Sample type Separation protocol First author Year EV-METRIC
EV140106 1/2 Prochlorococcus Bacteria (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Biller SJ 2014 57%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Biller SJ, Schubotz F, Roggensack SE, Thompson AW, Summons RE, Chisholm SW
Journal
Science
Abstract
Many heterotrophic bacteria are known to release extracellular vesicles, facilitating interactions b (show more...)Many heterotrophic bacteria are known to release extracellular vesicles, facilitating interactions between cells and their environment from a distance. Vesicle production has not been described in photoautotrophs, however, and the prevalence and characteristics of vesicles in natural ecosystems is unknown. Here, we report that cultures of Prochlorococcus, a numerically dominant marine cyanobacterium, continuously release lipid vesicles containing proteins, DNA, and RNA. We also show that vesicles carrying DNA from diverse bacteria are abundant in coastal and open-ocean seawater samples. Prochlorococcus vesicles can support the growth of heterotrophic bacterial cultures, which implicates these structures in marine carbon flux. The ability of vesicles to deliver diverse compounds in discrete packages adds another layer of complexity to the flow of information, energy, and biomolecules in marine microbial communities. (hide)
EV-METRIC
57% (95th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Bacteria
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
Bacterial vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Adj. k-factor
256 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Prochlorococcus
Sample Type
Bacteria
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
SW32
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
256.0
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Highest density fraction
40
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW60
Speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM/ cryo EM/ scanning EM
Image type
Wide-field
EV140106 2/2 Prochlorococcus Coastal water (d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Biller SJ 2014 57%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Biller SJ, Schubotz F, Roggensack SE, Thompson AW, Summons RE, Chisholm SW
Journal
Science
Abstract
Many heterotrophic bacteria are known to release extracellular vesicles, facilitating interactions b (show more...)Many heterotrophic bacteria are known to release extracellular vesicles, facilitating interactions between cells and their environment from a distance. Vesicle production has not been described in photoautotrophs, however, and the prevalence and characteristics of vesicles in natural ecosystems is unknown. Here, we report that cultures of Prochlorococcus, a numerically dominant marine cyanobacterium, continuously release lipid vesicles containing proteins, DNA, and RNA. We also show that vesicles carrying DNA from diverse bacteria are abundant in coastal and open-ocean seawater samples. Prochlorococcus vesicles can support the growth of heterotrophic bacterial cultures, which implicates these structures in marine carbon flux. The ability of vesicles to deliver diverse compounds in discrete packages adds another layer of complexity to the flow of information, energy, and biomolecules in marine microbial communities. (hide)
EV-METRIC
57% (50th percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Coastal water
Sample origin
NAY
Focus vesicles
Bacterial vesicles
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Adj. k-factor
256 (pelleting)
Protein markers
EV:
non-EV:
Proteomics
yes
Show all info
Study aim
Function
Sample
Species
Prochlorococcus
Sample Type
Coastal water
Separation Method
(Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
dUC: centrifugation steps
Between 100,000 g and 150,000 g
Pelleting performed
Yes
Pelleting: time(min)
120
Pelleting: rotor type
SW32
Pelleting: adjusted k-factor
256.0
Density gradient
Only used for validation of main results
Yes
Highest density fraction
40
Orientation
Bottom-up
Rotor type
SW60
Speed (g)
100000
Filtration steps
0.22µm or 0.2µm
Characterization: Protein analysis
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
EM
EM-type
transmission EM/ cryo EM/ scanning EM
Image type
Wide-field
1 - 2 of 2
  • CM = Commercial method
  • dUC = differential ultracentrifugation
  • DG = density gradient
  • UF = ultrafiltration
  • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
EV-TRACK ID
EV140106
species
Prochlorococcus
sample type
Bacteria
Coastal water
condition
NAY
NAY
separation protocol
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
(d)(U)C
DG
Filtration
UF
Exp. nr.
1
2
EV-METRIC %
57
57