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Experiment number
  • If needed, multiple experiments were identified in a single publication based on differing sample types, separation protocols and/or vesicle types of interest.
Species
  • Species of origin of the EVs.
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the different steps of the separation protocol.
    • (d)(U)C = (differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
Details EV-TRACK ID Experiment nr. Species Sample type Separation protocol First author Year EV-METRIC
EV190050 1/1 Mus musculus 4T1 DG
Filtration
SEC
SEC (non-commercial)
Ger J A Arkesteijn 2020 63%

Study summary

Full title
All authors
Ger J A Arkesteijn, Estefanía Lozano-Andrés, Sten F W M Libregts, Marca H M Wauben
Journal
Cytometry A
Abstract
Flow cytometry allows multiparameter analysis on a single-cell basis and is currently the method of (show more...) Flow cytometry allows multiparameter analysis on a single-cell basis and is currently the method of choice to rapidly assess heterogeneity of cell populations in suspension. With the research field of extracellular vesicles (EV) rapidly expanding, there is an increased demand to address heterogeneity of EV populations in biological samples. Although flow cytometry would be the ideal technique to do so, the available instruments are in general not equipped to optimally detect the dim light scatter signals generated by submicron-sized particles like EV. Although sideward scatter light and fluorescence are currently used as a threshold signal to identify EV within samples, the forward scatter light (FSC) parameter is often neglected due to the lack of resolution to distinguish EV-related signals from noise. However, after optimization of FSC detection by adjusting the size of the obscuration bar, we recently showed that certain EV-subsets could only be identified based on FSC. This observation made us to further study the possibilities to enhance FSC-detection of submicron-sized particles. By testing differently sized obscuration bars and differently sized pinholes in the focal plane behind the FSC detection lens, we generated a matrix that allowed us to determine which combination resulted in the lowest optical background in terms of numbers of events regarding FSC detection of submicron-sized particles. We found that a combination of an 8-mm obscuration bar and a 200-μm pinhole reduced optical background in a reproducible manner to such extent that it allowed a robust separation of 100-nm polystyrene beads from background signals within the FSC channel, and even allowed thresholding on FSC without the interference of massive background signals when both beads and EV were measured. These technical adaptations thus significantly improved FSC detection of submicron-sized particles and provide an important lead for the further development and design of flow cytometers that aid in detection of submicron-sized particles. © 2020 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry. (hide)
EV-METRIC
63% (93rd percentile of all experiments on the same sample type)
 Reported
 Not reported
 Not applicable
EV-enriched proteins
Protein analysis: analysis of three or more EV-enriched proteins
non EV-enriched protein
Protein analysis: assessment of a non-EV-enriched protein
qualitative and quantitative analysis
Particle analysis: implementation of both qualitative and quantitative methods. For the quantitative method, the reporting of measured EV concentration is expected.
electron microscopy images
Particle analysis: inclusion of a widefield and close-up electron microscopy image
density gradient
Separation method: density gradient, at least as validation of results attributed to EVs
EV density
Separation method: reporting of obtained EV density
ultracentrifugation specifics
Separation method: reporting of g-forces, duration and rotor type of ultracentrifugation steps
antibody specifics
Protein analysis: antibody clone/reference number and dilution
lysate preparation
Protein analysis: lysis buffer composition
Study data
Sample type
Cell culture supernatant
Sample origin
breast tumor model
Focus vesicles
extracellular vesicle
Separation protocol
Separation protocol
  • Gives a short, non-chronological overview of the
    different steps of the separation protocol.
    • dUC = (Differential) (ultra)centrifugation
    • DG = density gradient
    • UF = ultrafiltration
    • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
    • IAF = immuno-affinity capture
DG
Filtration
SEC
Size-exclusion chromatography (non-commercial)
Protein markers
EV: TSG101/ CD63/ CD81/ HSP90/ Alix/ Flotillin1/ Flotillin2/ HSP70/ MHC2/ CD9/ MHC1
non-EV:
Proteomics
no
EV density (g/ml)
1.10-1.12
Show all info
Study aim
Technical analysis comparing/optimizing EV-related methods
Sample
Species
Mus musculus
Sample Type
Cell culture supernatant
EV-producing cells
4T1
EV-harvesting Medium
EV-depleted medium
Preparation of EDS
>=18h at >= 100,000g
Cell viability (%)
90
Separation Method
Density gradient
Type
Discontinuous
Number of initial discontinuous layers
4
Lowest density fraction
5%
Highest density fraction
40%
Total gradient volume, incl. sample (mL)
16.5
Sample volume (mL)
1
Orientation
Top-down
Rotor type
SW 32.1 Ti
Speed (g)
100000
Duration (min)
1091
Fraction volume (mL)
1
Fraction processing
Size-exclusion chromatography
Filtration steps
0.45µm > x > 0.22µm,
Size-exclusion chromatography
Total column volume (mL)
10
Sample volume/column (mL)
2
Resin type
Sepharose CL-2B
Other
Name other separation method
Characterization: Protein analysis
Protein Concentration Method
Not determined
Western Blot
Antibody details provided?
No
Detected EV-associated proteins
CD9/ CD63
Not detected EV-associated proteins
HSP90/ HSP70/ MHC1/ CD81/ Flotillin1/ TSG101/ MHC2/ Flotillin2/ Alix
Characterization: Lipid analysis
No
Characterization: Particle analysis
NTA
Report type
Mean
Reported size (nm)
139.8
EV concentration
Yes
1 - 1 of 1
  • CM = Commercial method
  • dUC = differential ultracentrifugation
  • DG = density gradient
  • UF = ultrafiltration
  • SEC = size-exclusion chromatography
EV-TRACK ID
EV190050
species
Mus musculus
sample type
Cell culture
cell type
4T1
condition
breast tumor model
separation protocol
DG
Filtration
SEC
Size-exclusion chromatography (non-commercial)
Exp. nr.
1
EV-METRIC %
63